KINGDOM:Plantae || PHYLUM:Tracheophyta || CLASS:Magnoliopsida || ORDER:Apiales || FAMILY:五加科 Araliaceae || GENUS: 人参属 Panax
《中国植物志》|| 五加科 ARALIACEAE ||人参属 Panax Linn. ||人参 Panax ginseng C. A. Mey.
1．人参（神农本草经）棒槌（东北土名）
Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. in Rep. Pharm. Prakt. Chem. Russ. 7: 524. 1842 & in Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Sci. St.-Petersb. 1: 340. 1843; Seem. in Journ. Bot. 2: 320. 1864 & in 6: 54 (Revis. Heder. 99. 1868) 1868; Harms in Enbl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3 (8): 59. t. 10, 11. 1894; Nakai, Sylv. Koreana 1: 279. 1909;肖培根等, 东北植物药图志t. 1. 1958;刘慎谔等, 东北植物检索表243. pl. 76. f. 6. 1959; Hara in Journ. Jap. Bot. 45: 207. 1970; 何景、曾沧江, 植物分类学报11: 433. 1973; 吴征镒等, 植物分类学报13 (2): 41. 1975——Panaxx quinquefolia Linn. a. coreensis Sieb. in Verb. Batav. Genootsch. Wetensch. 12: 45. 1830, nom. nud. ——Panax schin-seng Nees, Icon. Pl. Medic. 5: t. 16 A-A3 d-f. 1833, nom. superfl. cum var. (1) Coraiensis Nees (excl. var. 2 & 3); Nakai in Journ. Arn. Arb. 5: 35. 1924; Li in Sargentia 2: 116. 1942;裴鉴、周太炎, 中国药用植物志6: pl. 283. 1958; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 1047. f. 3823. 1972——Panax quinquefolium Linn. var. ginseng (C. A. Mey.) Regel & Maack ex Regel in Gartenflora 11: 314. t. 375. 1862——Aralia ginseng Baill. Hist. Pl. 7: 152. 1880——Aralia quinquefolia Decne. & Planch. var. ginseng (C. A. Mey.) Regel & Maack in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1892: 107. 1892, comb. nud.; Burkill in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1902: 6. 1902——Aralia quinquefolia auct. non Decne. & Planck.: Forb. & Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 338. 1888.
多年生草本；根状茎（芦头）短，直立或斜上，不增厚成块状。主根肥大，纺锤形或圆柱形。地上茎单生，高30-60厘米，有纵纹，无毛，基部有宿存鳞片。叶为掌状复叶，3-6枚轮生茎顶，幼株的叶数较少；叶柄长3-8厘米，有纵纹，无毛，基部无托叶；小叶片3-5，幼株常为3，薄膜质，中央小叶片椭圆形至长圆状椭圆形，长8-12厘米，宽3-5厘米，最外一对侧生小叶片卵形或菱状卵形，长2-4厘米，宽1.5-3厘米，先端长渐尖，基部阔楔形，下延，边缘有锯齿，齿有刺尖，上面散生少数刚毛，刚毛长约1毫米，下面无毛，侧脉5-6对，两面明显，网脉不明显；小叶柄长0.5-2.5厘米，侧生者较短。伞形花序单个顶生，直径约1.5厘米，有花30-50朵，稀5-6朵；总花梗通常较叶长，长15-30厘米，有纵纹；花梗丝状，长0.8-1.5厘米；花淡黄绿色；萼无毛，边缘有5个三角形小齿；花瓣5，卵状三角形；雄蕊5，花丝短；子房2室；花柱2，离生。果实扁球形，鲜红色，长4-5毫米，宽6-7毫米。种子肾形，乳白色。
分布于辽宁东部、吉林东半部和黑龙江东部，生于海拔数百米的落叶阔叶林或针叶阔叶混交林下。现吉林、辽宁栽培甚多，河北、山西有引种。苏联、朝鲜也有分布；朝鲜和日本也多栽培。
人参的肉质根为著名强壮滋补药，适用于调整血压、恢复心脏功能、神经衰弱及身体虚弱等症，也有祛痰、健胃、利尿、兴奋等功效。
人参的根状茎在人工短期栽培情况下较短，直立或斜上。生长年数已久的野山参，据肖培根在东北地区的调查（药学学报1962年9卷6期348页，图15），具第一批叶的主根是垂直生长，但第三批叶以后，主根大都向水平方向生长，其根状茎相应加长，也是横生的。这主要是根系生长受土壤腐殖质层厚度的影响，故其生长方向也会改变。我国引种栽培的西洋参Panax quinquefolius Linn.，和本种的区别在于前者总花梗与叶柄近等长或稍长，小叶片倒卵形，上面脉上几无刚毛，边缘的锯齿不规则且较粗大。
| Chinese name | Vernacular name | Plant | Ethnic group | Use | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 参须 | 参须 | 参须 Panax ginseng C. A. Iey. | Medicinal | 中华本草 | |
| 参须 | 参须 | 参须 Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. | Medicinal | 中华本草 | |
| 人参叶 | 人参叶 | 人参叶 Panax ginseng C. A. Iey. | Medicinal | 中华本草 | |
| 人参叶 | 人参叶 | 人参叶 Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. | Medicinal | 中华本草 | |
| 人参 | 人参 | 人参 Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. | Medicinal | 中华本草 | |
| 人参 | 人参 | 人参 Panax ginseng C. A. Iey. | Medicinal | 中华本草 | |
| 人参 | 人参 | 人参 Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. | Mongolian | Ethnomedicinal | 中华本草 |
| 人参 | 人参 | 人参 Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. | Uyghur | Ethnomedicinal | 中华本草 |
| 人参 | 人参 | 人参 Panax ginseng C. A. Iey. | Mongolian | Ethnomedicinal | 中华本草 |
| 人参 | 人参 | 人参 Panax ginseng C. A. Iey. | Uyghur | Ethnomedicinal | 中华本草 |
| 枸杞子煎 | 九痛丸 | 白薇丸 | 白薇丸 | 猪肾汤 | 缓中葱白汤 |
| 猪肾汤 | 厚朴汤 | 芍药汤 | 甘草芍药汤 | 草乌头丸 | 桑螵蛸汤 |
| 侯氏黑散 | 温经汤 | 鳖甲煎丸 | 薯蓣丸 | 十精丸 | 牡丹大黄汤 |
| 天门冬丸 | 人参汤 | 钓藤汤 | 钓藤汤 | 温经丸 | 泻肝汤 |
| 鳖甲丸 | 黄耆建中汤 | 半豆汤 | 人参汤 | 十精丸 | 少中丹 |
| Plant name | Local name | Family | Life form | Part used | Folk use | Voucher | Locality | Ethnic group | Region |
|---|
| Title | Authors | Journal | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| [Industrialization of medicinal plant tissue culture]. | Gao, Wen-yuan; Jia, Wei; Duan, Hong-quan; Xiao, Pei-gen | Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica | 2003-May |
| Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of underivatized dencichine (beta-N-oxalyl-L-alpha,beta-diaminopropionic acid) in Panax medicinal plant species | Koh, HL; Lau, AJ; Chan, ECY | RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY | 2020 |
| Determination of toxic metals by ICP-MS in Asiatic and European medicinal plants and dietary supplements | Filipiak-Szok, Anna; Kurzawa, Marzanna; Szlyk, Edward | JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY | MAY 2017 |
| Eleutherococcus senticosus as a crude medicine: Review of biotechnological effects | Yan-Lin, Sun; Lin-De, Liu; Soon-Kwan, Hong | JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL PLANTS RESEARCH | NOV 16 2011 |
| Ethyl acetate extract from Panax ginseng CA Meyer and its main constituents inhibit alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced melanogenesis by suppressing oxidative stress in B16 mouse melanoma cells | Jiang, Rui; Xu, Xiao-Hao; Wang, Ke; Yang, Xin-Zhao; Bi, Ying-Fei; Yan, Yao; Liu, Jian-Zeng; Chen, Xue-Nan; Wang, Zhen-Zhong; Guo, Xiao-Li; Zhao, Da-Qing; Sun, Li-Wei | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | SEP 17 2017 |
| Hepataprotective effects of ginsenoside Rg1-A review | Gao, Yan; Chu, Shifeng; Zhang, Zhao; Chen, Naihong | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JUL 12 2017 |
| Immunomodulation of Chinese Herbal Medicines on NK cell populations for cancer therapy: A systematic review | Liu, Hao; Wang, Zi-Ying; Zhou, Yu-Cong; Song, Wei; Ali, Usman; Sze, Daniel M-Y | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAR 25 2021 |
| Effects of aqueous extracts from Panax ginseng and Hippophae rhamnoides on acute alcohol intoxication: An experimental study using mouse model | Wen, Da-Chao; Hu, Xiao-Yu; Wang, Yan-Yan; Luo, Jian-Xing; Lin, Wu; Jia, Ling-Yan; Gong, Xin-Yue | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | NOV 4 2016 |
| Shenfu Formula reduces cardiomyocyte apoptosis in heart failure rats by regulating microRNAs | Yan, Xu; Wu, Hongjin; Ren, Jianxun; Liu, Yuna; Wang, Shengqi; Yang, Jiyuan; Qin, Shuyan; Wu, Delin | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | DEC 5 2018 |
| Efficacy of Panax ginseng supplementation on blood lipid profile. A meta-analysis and systematic review of clinical randomized trials | Hernandez-Garcia, Didier; Belen Granado-Serrano, Ana; Martin-Gari, Meritxell; Naudi, Alba; Serrano, Jose C. E. | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | OCT 28 2019 |
| Mechanistic understanding of the effect of Dengzhan Shengmai capsule on the pharmacokinetics of clopidogrel in rats | Chen, Xinmeng; Zhao, Zhongxiang; Chen, Yibei; Gou, Xiaoli; Zhou, Ziyi; Zhong, Guoping; Cai, Yefeng; Huang, Min; Jin, Jing | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | NOV 4 2016 |
| Total ginsenosides extract induce autophagic cell death in NSCLC cells through activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress | Zhao, Min; Chen, Qiufang; Xu, Wanfeng; Wang, Hong; Che, Yuan; Wu, Mengqiu; Wang, Lin; Cao Lijuan; Hao, Haiping | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | OCT 28 2019 |
| Dual functions of ginsenosides in protecting human endothelial cells against influenza H9N2-induced inflammation and apoptosis | Chan, Lok Yung; Kwok, Hoi Hin; Chan, Renee Wan Yi; Peiris, Malik Joseph Sriyal; Mak, Nai Ki; Wong, Ricky Ngok Shun; Chan, Michael Chi Wai; Yue, Patrick Ying Kit | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | OCT 11 2011 |
| Urinary metabonomic study of Panax ginseng in deficiency of vital energy rat using ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry | Lin, He; Pi, Zifeng; Men, Lihui; Chen, Weijia; Liu, Zhiqiang; Liu, Zhongying | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAY 26 2016 |
| Targeting Sirtuin 1 signaling pathway by ginsenosides | Lou, Tingting; Huang, Qingxia; Su, Hang; Zhao, Daqing; Li, Xiangyan | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAR 25 2021 |
| A randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled clinical study on the efficacy and safety of Shenmai injection in patients with chronic heart failure | Xian, Shaoxiang; Yang, Zhongqi; Lee, Jun; Jiang, Zhiping; Ye, Xiaohan; Luo, Luyi; Jin, Lili; Yang, Tianlun; Ye, Suilin; Lu, Dongfeng | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JUN 20 2016 |
| Optimizing the compatibility of paired-herb in an ancient Chinese herbal decoction Kai-Xin-San in activating neurofilament expression in cultured PC12 cells | Yan, Lu; Xu, Sherry L.; Zhu, Kevin Y.; Lama, Kelly Y. C.; Xin, Guizhong; Maiwulanjiang, Maitinuer; Li, Ning; Dong, Tina T. X.; Lin, Huangquan; Tsim, Karl W. K. | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAR 13 2015 |
| The role and mechanism of Asian medicinal plants in treating skin pigmentary disorders | Li, Yumeng; Huang, Jinhua; Lu, Jianyun; Ding, Yufang; Jiang, Ling; Hu, Shuanghai; Chen, Jing; Zeng, Qinghai | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | DEC 5 2019 |
| Neuroprotective effects of ginseng protein on PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the hippocampus of D-galactose/AlCl3 inducing rats model of Alzheimer''s disease | Li, Hongyan; Kang, Tingguo; Qi, Bin; Kong, Liang; Jiao, Yanan; Cao, Yang; Zhang, Jianghua; Yang, Jingxian | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | 2018 |
| Anti-inflammatory function of ginsenoside Rg1 on alcoholic hepatitis through glucocorticoid receptor related nuclear factor-kappa B pathway | Gao, Yan; Chu, Shifeng; Li, Jingwei; Li, Jianping; Zhang, Zhao; Xia, Congyuan; Heng, Yang; Zhang, Meijin; Hu, Jinfeng; Wei, Guining; Li, Yueting; Chen, Naihong | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | DEC 5 2020 |
| Shenqi Yizhi granules protect hippocampus of AD transgenic mice by modulating on multiple pathological processes | Ren, Jianting; Wei, Dongfeng; An, Haiting; Zhang, Junying; Zhang, Zhanjun | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | NOV 2020 |
| Ginseng total saponins enhance neurogenesis after focal cerebral ischemia | Zheng, Guo-qing; Cheng, Wei; Wang, Yan; Wang, Xiu-min; Zhao, Shu-zhi; Zhou, Yun; Liu, Shi-jue; Wang, Xiao-tong | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JUN 28 2019 |
| Neuroprotective effect of water extract of Panax ginseng on corticosterone-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells and its underlying molecule mechanisms | Jiang, Yumao; Li, Zongyang; Liu, Yamin; Liu, Xinmin; Chang, Qi; Liao, Yonghong; Pan, Ruile | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | 2012-Jun |
| Characterization and immunostimulating effects on murine peritoneal macrophages of oligosaccharide isolated from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer | Jiao, Lili; Wan, Debin; Zhang, Xiaoyu; Li, Bo; Zhao, Huanxi; Liu, Shuying | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | |
| BACE1 molecular docking and anti-Alzheimer''s disease activities of ginsenosides | Choi, Ran Joo; Roy, Anupom; Jung, Hee Jin; Ali, Md. Yousof; Min, Byung-Sun; Park, Chan Hum; Yokozawa, Takako; Fan, Tai-Ping; Choi, Jae Sue; Jung, Hyun Ah | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | |
| The memory enhancement effect of Kai Xin San on cognitive deficit induced by simulated weightlessness in rats | Wang Qiong; Zhang Yong-liang; Li Ying-hui; Chen Shan-guang; Gao Jiang-hui; Chen Yi-Xi; Jiang Ning; Liu Xin-Min | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | DEC 5 2020 |
| Antidiabetic effects of malonyl ginsenosides from Panax ginseng on type 2 diabetic rats induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin | Liu, Zhi; Li, Wei; Li, Xiang; Zhang, Ming; Chen, Li; Zheng, Yi-nan; Sun, Guang-zhi; Ruan, Chang-chun | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | FEB 10 2021 |
| Ginsenosides attenuate D-galactose- and AlCl3-inducedspatial memory impairment by restoring the dysfunction of the neurotransmitter systems in the rat model of Alzheimer''s disease | Zhang, Yan; Pi, Zifeng; Song, Fengrui; Liu, Zhiqiang | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | |
| Application of RRLC-QTOF-MS-based metabonomics and UPE for investigating Spleen-Qi deficiency syndrome with Panax ginseng treatment | Wang, Ni; Huang, Xin; Li, Tie; Wang, Mei; Yue, Hao; Chen, Changbao; Liu, Shuying | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | |
| Ginsenoside Rb1 retards aging process by regulating cell cycle, apoptotic pathway and metabolism of aging mice | Yu, Shujie; Xia, Hui; Guo, Yanlei; Qian, Xiaoxian; Zou, Xiaojuan; Yang, Huabing; Yin, Mingzhu; Liu, Hongtao | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JUN 12 2020 |
| The antidepressant-like effects of the water extract of Panax ginseng and Polygala tenuifolia are mediated via the BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway and neurogenesis in the hippocampus | Jiang, Ning; Wang, Haixia; Li, Chenchen; Zeng, Guirong; Lv, Jingwei; Wang, Qiong; Chen, Yin; Liu, Xinmin | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAR 1 2021 |
| Reversing effects of ginsenosides on LPS-induced hepatic CYP3A11/3A4 dysfunction through the pregnane X receptor | Sun, Hai-Yan; Yan, Yi-Jing; Li, Yan-Hui; Lv, Le | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JAN 30 2019 |
| Ameliorative effect of Atractylodes macrocephala essential oil combined with Panax ginseng total saponins on 5-fluorouracil induced diarrhea is associated with gut microbial modulation | Wang, Jing; Feng, Wuwen; Zhang, Shiyang; Chen, Lu; Sheng, Yongcheng; Tang, Fei; He, Junlin; Xu, Xin; Ao, Hui; Peng, Cheng | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JUN 28 2019 |
| Hematopoietic effects and mechanisms of Fufang E''jiao Jiang on radiotherapy and chemotherapy-induced myelosuppressed mice | Liu, Maoxuan; Tan, Haining; Zhang, Xinke; Liu, Zhang; Cheng, Yanna; Wang, Dongliang; Wang, Fengshan | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAR 28 2014 |
| Involvement of serotonergic, noradrenergic and dopaminergic systems in the antidepressant-like effect of ginsenoside Rb1, a major active ingredient of Panax ginseng CA Meyer | Wang, Guo-Li; He, Zhong-Mei; Zhu, Hong-Yan; Gao, Yu-Gang; Zhao, Yan; Yang, He; Zhang, Lian-Xue | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAY 23 2017 |
| Ginsenoside 20(S)-Rh2 exerts anti-cancer activity through targeting IL-6-induced JAK2/STAT3 pathway in human colorectal cancer cells | Han, Songhee; Jeong, Ae Jin; Yang, Heejung; Bin Kang, Kyo; Lee, Haeri; Yi, Eun Hee; Kim, Byung-Hak; Cho, Chung-Hyun; Chung, Jin Woong; Sung, Sang Hyun; Ye, Sang-Kyu | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | DEC 24 2016 |
| Bajitianwan attenuates D-galactose-induced memory impairment and bone loss through suppression of oxidative stress in aging rat model | Xu, Wumu; Liu, Xiaoyan; He, Xuhui; Jiang, Yiping; Zhang, Jiabao; Zhang, Qiaoyan; Wang, Nani; Qin, Luping; Xin, Hailiang | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | OCT 28 2020 |
| Traditional oriental medicine for sensorineural hearing loss: Can ethnopharmacology contribute to potential drug discovery? | Castaneda, Rodrigo; Natarajan, Sathishkumar; Jeong, Seo Yule; Hong, Bin Na; Kang, Tong Ho | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAR 1 2019 |
| The ethyl acetate extract of PGP (Phellinus linteus grown on Panax ginseng) suppresses B16F10 melanoma cell proliferation through inducing cellular differentiation and apoptosis | Park, Hye-Jin; Han, Eun Su; Park, Dong Ki | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | OCT 28 2010 |
| Administration of Kyung-Ok-Ko reduces stress-induced depressive behaviors in mice through inhibition of inflammation pathway | Liu, Quan Feng; Park, Sun-Woo; Kim, Young-Mi; Song, Sue-jin; Chin, Young-Won; Pak, Sok Cheon; Jeon, Songhee; Koo, Byung-Soo | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JAN 30 2021 |
| ANXIOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF PANAX-GINSENG ROOTS - AN EXPERIMENTAL-STUDY | BHATTACHARYA, SK; MITRA, SK | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | AUG 1991 |
| BuZangTongLuo decoction improved hindlimb ischemia by activating angiogenesis and regulating gut microbiota in diabetic mice | Zheng, Junping; Chen, Man; Ye, Cheng; Sun, Xiongjie; Jiang, Nan; Zou, Xiaojuan; Yang, Huabing; Liu, Hongtao | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | FEB 10 2020 |
| Ginkgo biloba extract improves brain uptake of ginsenosides by increasing blood-brain barrier permeability via activating A1 adenosine receptor signaling pathway | Liang, Wenyi; Xu, Wei; Zhu, Jing; Zhu, Yadong; Gu, Quanlin; Li, Yuping; Guo, Caijuan; Huang, Yijian; Yu, Jiangfeng; Wang, Weixuan; Hu, Yinming; Zhao Yanqun; Bin, Han; Bei, Weijian; Guo, Jiao | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JAN 10 2020 |
| Anti-platelet and anti-thrombotic effect of a traditional herbal medicine Kyung-Ok-Ko | Kim, Tae-Ho; Lee, Kyoung Mee; Hong, Nam Doo; Jung, Yi-Sook | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | FEB 3 2016 |
| Anticoagulant active ingredients identification of total saponin extraction of different Panax medicinal plants based on grey relational analysis combined with UPLC-MS and molecular docking | Ren, Yongshen; Ai, Jiao; Liu, Xinqiao; Liang, Shuai; Zheng, Yao; Deng, Xin; Li, Yan; Wang, Jing; Deng, Xukun; Chen, Lin-Lin | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | OCT 5 2020 |
| Oriental medicine Jangwonhwan reduces A beta(1-42) level and beta-amyloid deposition in the brain of Tg-APPswe/PS1dE9 mouse model of Alzheimer disease | Seo, Ji-Seon; Yun, Jong-Hyun; Baek, In-Sun; Leem, Yeo-Hyun; Kang, Hyung-Won; Cho, Hyoung Kwon; Lyu, Yeoung-Su; Son, Hyung-Jin; Han, Pyung-Lim | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAR 2 2010 |
| Serum metabolomic profiles reveal the impact of BuZangTongLuo formula on metabolic pathways in diabetic mice with hindlimb ischemia | Zheng, Junping; Guo, Yanlei; Hu, Baifei; Zhu, Lin; Yang, Yong; Li, Shengrong; Li, Na; Liu, Hongtao | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JAN 21 2009 |
| Effects of a Chinese traditional formula Kai Xin San (KXS) on chronic fatigue syndrome mice induced by forced wheel running | Cao, Yin; Hu, Yuan; Liu, Ping; Zhao, Hai-Xia; Zhou, Xiao-Jiang; Wei, Ying-Mei | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JAN 6 2012 |
| One-month toxicokinetic study of SHENMAI injection in rats | Yu, Jian; Xin, Yan-Fei; Gu, Li-Qiang; Gao, Hai-Yan; Xia, Li-Juan; You, Zhen-Qiang; Xie, Feng; Ma, Zhu-Feng; Wang, Zhi; Xuan, Yao-Xian | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JUN 11 2014 |
| Protective effects of ginsenoside Rd against okadaic acid-induced neurotoxicity in vivo and in vitro | Li, Ling; Liu, Juanfang; Yan, Xiaodong; Qin, Kefeng; Shi, Ming; Lin, Tian; Zhu, Yi; Kang, Tao; Zhao, Gang | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | OCT 31 2011 |
| The host immune enhancing agent Korean red ginseng oil successfully attenuates Brucella abortus infection in a murine model | Reyes, Alisha Wehdnesday Bernardo; Huynh Tan Hop; Arayan, Lauren Togonon; Tran Xuan Ngoc Huy; Park, Soo Jong; Kim, Kwang Dong; Min, WonGi; Lee, Hu Jang; Rhee, Man Hee; Kwak, Yi-Seong; Kim, Suk | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | FEB 23 2017 |
| Antibiotics attenuate anti-scratching behavioral effect of ginsenoside Re in mice | Jang, Se-Eun; Jung, Il-Hoon; Joh, Eun-Ha; Han, Myung Joo; Kim, Dong-Hyun | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JUN 26 2012 |
| Effects of fermented ginseng on the gut microbiota and immunity of rats with antibiotic-associated diarrhea | Qu, Qingsong; Yang, Fang; Zhao, Chongyan; Liu, Xing; Yang, Pengshuo; Li, Zhixun; Han, Lu; Shi, Xinyuan | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAR 1 2021 |
| Ginsenoside Re reduces insulin resistance through activation of PPAR-gamma pathway and inhibition of TNF-alpha production | Gao, Yang; Yang, Min-fei; Su, Ya-ping; Jiang, Hui-min; You, Xiao-juan; Yang, Yin-jing; Zhang, Hai-long | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAY 20 2013 |
| New mechanisms of ginseng saponin-mediated anti-inflammatory action via targeting canonical inflammasome signaling pathways. | Yi, Young-Su | Journal of ethnopharmacology | 2021-Oct-05 |
| Total saponins of Panax ginseng (TSPG) promote erythroid differentiation of human CD34(+) cells via EpoR-mediated JAK(2)/STAT(5) signaling pathway | Chen, D.; Zuo, G.; Li, C.; Hu, X.; Guan, T.; Jiang, R.; Li, J.; Lin, X.; Li, F.; Luo, C.; Wang, H.; Lei, C.; Long, X.; Wang, Y.; Wang, J. | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | NOV 12 2009 |
| Ginseng-Aconite Decoction elicits a positive inotropic effect via the reverse mode Na+/Ca2+ exchanger in beating rabbit atria | Cui, Hao Zhen; Kim, Hye Yoom; Kang, Dae Gill; Lee, Ho Sub | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JUL 9 2013 |
| Water extract of ginseng and astragalus regulates macrophage polarization and synergistically enhances DDP''s anticancer effect | Chen, Yingna; Bi, Lei; Luo, Huijuan; Jiang, Yucui; Chen, Feiyan; Wang, Yunshan; Wei, Guangwei; Chen, Weiping | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAR 25 2019 |
| A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of drug-drug interaction between ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rb1 and schizandrin after intravenous administration to rats | Zhan, Shuyu; Guo, Wenjing; Shao, Qing; Fan, Xiaohui; Li, Zheng; Cheng, Yiyu | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAR 14 2014 |
| Ameliorative effects of ginsenosides on myelosuppression induced by chemotherapy or radiotherapy | He, Mengjiao; Wang, Na; Zheng, Wenxiu; Cai, Xiaoqing; Qi, Dongmei; Zhang, Yongqing; Han, Chunchao | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAR 25 2021 |
| Shenfu decoction as adjuvant therapy for improving quality of life and hepatic dysfunction in patients with symptomatic chronic heart failure | Wei, Huamin; Wu, Hongjin; Yu, Wen; Yan, Xu; Zhang, Xiaoyu | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JUL 1 2015 |
| Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius: From pharmacology to toxicology | Mancuso, Cesare; Santangelo, Rosaria | FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY | SEP 15 2020 |
| Increase in the hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity of Panax ginseng and ginsenosides by heat-processing. | Park, Chan Hum; Choi, Jae Sue; Yokozawa, Takako | Drug discoveries & therapeutics | 2018 |
| Medicinal plant extracts for the treatment of dementia - A review of their pharmacology, efficacy and tolerability | Mantle, D; Pickering, AT; Perry, EK | CNS DRUGS | MAR 2000 |
| Modulation of programmed cell death by medicinal plants | Thatte, U; Bagadey, S; Dahanukar, S | CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | FEB 2000 |
| Structure and biological activities of the polysaccharides from the leaves, roots and fruits of Panax ginseng CA Meyer: An overview | Sun, Yongxu | CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS | JUN 1 2011 |
| Identification of basic fibroblast growth factor-like immunoreactivity in Panax ginseng extract: Investigation of its molecular properties | Takei, Y; Yamamoto, T; Higashira, H; Hayashi, K | BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY | APR 1996 |
| HOELEN (PORIA-COCOS WOLF) AND GINSENG (PANAX-GINSENG C-A-MEYER), THE INGREDIENTS OF A CHINESE PRESCRIPTION DX-9386, INDIVIDUALLY PROMOTE HIPPOCAMPAL LONG-TERM POTENTIATION IN-VIVO | SMRIGA, M; SAITO, H; NISHIYAMA, N | BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN | APR 1995 |
| Ginseng (Panax sp.) proteomics: an update | Kim, So Wun; Lee, Seo Hyun; Min, Cheol Woo; Jo, Ick Hyun; Bang, Kyong Hwan; Hyun, Dong-Yun; Agrawal, Ganesh Kumar; Rakwal, Randeep; Zargar, Sajad Majeed; Gupta, Ravi; Kim, Sun Tae | APPLIED BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY | JUN 2017 |
| Anti-Oxidant in China: A Thirty-Year Journey | Liu, Zai-Qun | AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE | 2019 |
| Allelopathy and soil sickness in continuous cropping of Panax medicinal plants | Gong, J. T.; Li, K. M.; Sun, M.; Liu, H. J.; Zhang, Z. L. | ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL | SEP 2016 |
| Antihyperglycemic effects of total ginsenosides from leaves and stem of Panax ginseng | Xie, JT; Wang, CZ; Wang, AB; Wu, J; Basila, D; Yuan, CS | ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA | SEP 2005 |
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