《中国植物志》|| 木贼科 EQUISETACEAE ||木贼亚属 Subgen. Hippochaete (Milde) Baker ||木贼 Equisetum hyemale L.

8.木贼 (中国主要植物图说•蕨类植物门) 图版70：1
Equisetum hyemale L. Sp. PL. 2: 1062. 1753; Baker, Handb. Fern Allies 5. 1887; Iljin in Kom. Fl. URSS. 1: 110. 1934; Schaffner et L. C. Li in Bull. Fan Mem. Inst.Biol. Bot. 9: 130. 1939; Rothm. in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. 54: 77. 1944; S. H. Fu, III. Important Chinese Pl., Pterid. 14, f. 19. 1957; Herb. Pl. Northeast China 1: 17. f. 20. 1958; Tagawa, Col. Ill. Jap. Pterid. 24. pl. 6: 37. 1959: Hauke in Amer. Fern J. 52 (2): 58. 1962; Valentine in Fl. Europ. 1: 7. 1964; Ic. Corm. Sin. 1: 116, f. 231. 1972; Fl. Tsinling. 2: 26. 1974; Fl. Henan 1: 11. f. 15. 1981; Nakaike, N. Fl. Jap. Pterid. 4, f. 4a, 2b. 1982: Bartholomew et al. in J. Arnold Arbor. 64 (1): 17. 1983; Dixit, Census Ind. Pterid. 19. 1984: Fl. Intramong. 1: 67, Pl. 6: 6-9. 1985: Kurataet Nakaike, Ill. Pterid. Jap. 4: 42. 1985: H. S. Kung, Fl. Sichuan. 6: 87, Pl. 27: 1. 1988: Fl. Liaoning 1: 23, Pl. 5: 1-2. 1988; Fl. Xinjiang 1: 13, Pl. 6: 4-5. 1992: K. Iwats., Ferns Fern Allies Jap. 60, Pl. 16: 1-2. 1992; L. B. Zhang et H. S. Kungin X. C. Zhang et K. H. Shing, Ching Mem. Vol. 87. 2000. ——Hippochaete hyemal (L.) C. Boerner in Fl. Deut. Volk. 282. 1912; Rothm. in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. 54:81. 1944; J. Z. Wang in journ. Hebei Forest. coil. 5 (2): 119. 1990.
大型植物。根茎横走或直立，黑棕色，节和根有黄棕色长毛。地上枝多年生。枝一型。高达1米或更多，中部直径（3) 5-9毫米，节间长5-8厘米，绿色，不分枝或直基部有少数直立的侧枝。地上枝有脊16-22条，脊的背部弧形或近方形，无明显小瘤或有小瘤2行；鞘筒0.7-1.0厘米，黑棕色或顶部及基部各有一圈或仅顶部有一圈黑棕色；鞘齿16-22枚，披针形，小，长0.3-0.4厘米。顶端淡棕色，膜质，芒状，早落，下部黑棕色，薄革质，基部的背面有3-4条纵棱，宿存或同鞘筒一起早落。孢子囊穗卵状，长1.0-1.5厘米，直径0.5-0.7厘米，顶端有小尖突，无柄。
产黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、北京、天津、河北、陕西、甘肃、新疆、河南、湖北、四川、重庆。海拔100-3000米。日本、朝鲜半岛、俄罗斯、欧洲、北美及中美洲有分布。
本种可分为两亚种。

《Flora of North America》|| Equisetaceae || Equisetum || Equisetum hyemale

10. Equisetum hyemale Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1062. 1753.

Common scouring rush, prêle d"hiver

Subspecies 2 (1 in the flora): North America, Mexico, Central America in Guatemala, Europe, Asia.

《Flora of China》|| Equisetaceae || Equisetum ||木贼 Equisetum hyemale

8. Equisetum hyemale Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1062. 1753.

木贼 mu zei

Plants large. Rhizome creeping or erect, blackish brown, nodes and roots with long yellowish brown trichomes. Aerial stem perennial, monomorphic, green, up to or more than 1 m tall, (3-)5-9 mm in diam. at middle, not branched or base with few erect lateral branches; internodes 5-8 cm. Aerial stem 16-22-ridged; ridges arc-shaped abaxially or nearly rectangular, without conspicuous tubercles or with 2 rows of tubercles; sheath 0.7-1.1 cm, blackish brown or both distal portion and base with a blackish brown band, or only distal portion with a blackish brown band; sheath teeth 16-22, lanceolate, small, 0.3-0.5 cm, teeth of distal portion light brown, membranous, aristate, caducous, teeth of lower portion blackish brown, abaxially 3- or 4-ridged at base, thinly leathery, persistent or falling off early with sheath tube. Strobilus ovate, 1-1.6 cm, 0.4-0.7 cm in diam., apex with small acute tip, sessile. 2n = 216.

Forests, stream banks; 100-3000 m. Chongqing, Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang [Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia; C and SW Asia, Europe, Central and North America].