KINGDOM:Plantae || PHYLUM:Tracheophyta || CLASS:Liliopsida || ORDER:Arecales || FAMILY:棕榈科 Arecaceae || GENUS: 槟榔属 Areca
《中国植物志》|| 棕榈科 PALMAE ||槟榔属 Areca Linn. ||槟榔 Areca catechu L.
1.槟榔(通称)槟榔子(名医别录,本草纲目)、大腹子(开宝本草)、宾门(广东)、橄榄子(福建)、青仔(台湾)图版31:l-5
Areca catechu Linn. Sp. Pl. 1189. 1753; Kunth, Enum. Pl. 3:184. 1841; Kurz. For. Fl. Brit. Burma 2: 536. 1877; Becc. et Hook. f. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 6: 405. 1892; Merr. in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 5: 42. 1927; Gagnep. in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 6: 949. 1937; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学98-99. 1959; 中国高等植物图鉴5: 357. 图7545. 1976 海南植物志 4: 169. 图1071. 1977; 中国种子植物科属词典 (修订版) 42. 1982. ——A. hortensis Lour. Fl. cochinchin. 568. 1790. ——A. catechu Willd. Sp. Pl. 4: 594. 1805; Griff. Palm. Brit. East Ind. 147. 1850; Wright in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 167. 1903.
茎直立,乔木状,高10多米,最高可达30米,有明显的环状叶痕。叶簇生于茎顶,长1.3-2米,羽片多数,两面无毛,狭长披针形,长30-60厘米,宽2.5-4厘米,上部的羽片合生,顶端有不规则齿裂。雌雄同株,花序多分枝,花序轴粗壮压扁,分枝曲折,长25-30厘米,上部纤细,着生1列或,2列的雄花,而雌花单生于分枝的基部;雄花小,无梗,通常单生,很少成对着生,萼片卵形,长不到1毫米,花瓣长圆形,长4-6毫米,雄蕊6枚,花丝短,退化雌蕊3枚,线形;雌花较大,萼片卵形,花瓣近圆形,长1.2-1.5厘米,退化雄蕊6枚,合生;子房长圆形。果实长圆形或卵球形,长3-5厘米,橙黄色,中果皮厚,纤维质。种子卵形,基部截平,胚乳嚼烂状,胚基生。花果期3-4月。
产云南、海南及台湾等热带地区。亚洲热带地区广泛栽培。
本种是重要的中药材,在南方一些少数民族还有将果实作为一种咀嚼嗜好品。
| Chinese name | Vernacular name | Plant | Ethnic group | Use | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 大腹皮 | 大腹皮 | 大腹皮 Areca catechu L. | Medicinal | 中国药典2020 | |
| 槟榔 | 槟榔 | 槟榔 Areca catechu L. | Medicinal | 中国药典2020 | |
| 槟榔花 | 槟榔花 | 槟榔花 Areca catechu L. | Medicinal | 中华本草 | |
| 大腹皮 | 大腹皮 | 大腹皮 Areca catechu L. | Medicinal | 中华本草 | |
| 槟榔 | 槟榔 | 槟榔 Areca catechu L. | Mongolian | Ethnomedicinal | 中华本草 |
| 槟榔 | 槟榔 | 槟榔 Areca catechu L. | Uyghur | Ethnomedicinal | 中华本草 |
| 槟榔 | 槟榔 | 槟榔 Areca catechu L. | Tibetan | Ethnomedicinal | 中华本草 |
| 槟榔 | 槟榔 | 槟榔 Areca catechu L. | Medicinal | 中华本草 |
| 木香散 | 木通散 | 泽漆散 | 大腹皮丸 | 大腹皮丸 | 槟榔散 |
| 马兜铃散 | 陈橘皮散 | 鸡苏散 | 木香散 | 健脾散 | 旋覆花散 |
| 五皮散 | 槟榔散 | 红蓝花散 | 厚朴散 | 枳实散 | 半夏散 |
| 升麻散 | 草豆蔻散 | 鳖甲散 | 木香丸 | 半夏散 | 桂心散 |
| 柴胡散 | 陈橘皮散 | 大黄散 | 百合散 | 枇杷叶散 | 高良姜散 |
| Plant name | Local name | Family | Life form | Part used | Folk use | Voucher | Locality | Ethnic group | Region |
|---|
| Title | Authors | Journal | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inhibition of Cytochrome P450 (CYP3A4) Activity by Extracts from 57 Plants Used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) | Ashour, Mohamed L.; Youssef, Fadia S.; Gad, Haidy A.; Wink, Michael | PHARMACOGNOSY MAGAZINE | APR-JUN 2017 |
| Screening of medicinal plant extracts for antioxidant activity | Lee, SE; Hwang, HJ; Ha, JS; Jeong, HS; Kim, JH | LIFE SCIENCES | MAY 30 2003 |
| Screening of traditional Chinese medicinal plants for quorum-sensing inhibitors activity | Koh, Khee Hoon; Tham, Foong-Yee | JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION | APR 2011 |
| Areca catechu L. (Arecaceae): A review of its traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology | Peng, Wei; Liu, Yu-Jie; Wu, Na; Sun, Tao; He, Xiao-Yan; Gao, Yong-Xiang; Wu, Chun-Jie | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | OCT 31 2012 |
| Sub-chronic toxicity study of arecae semen aqueous extract in Wistar rats | Lin, Qinghua; Jia, Zhe; Xu, Xinfang; Xu, Shuya; Han, Ting; Gao, Yan; Zhang, Ying; Zhang, Hui; Liu, Huan; Li, Jian; Li, Xiangri | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | |
| Thai Herbal Formulas Used for Wound Treatment: A Study of Their Antibacterial Potency, Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Cytotoxicity Effects | Chusri, Sasitorn; Settharaksa, Sukanya; Chokpaisarn, Julalak; Limsuwan, Surasak; Voravuthikunchai, Supayang Piyawan | JOURNAL OF ALTERNATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE | JUL 2013 |
| Screening of anti-Helicobacter pylori herbs deriving from Taiwanese folk medicinal plants | Wang, YC; Huang, TL | FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY | FEB 1 2005 |
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