《中国植物志》|| 蔷薇科 ROSACEAE ||齿裂托叶系 Ser. Multiflorae Yu et Ku ||野蔷薇 Rosa multiflora Thunb.

58.野蔷薇 （群芳谱） 墙靡 （神农木草经） ，刺花 （本草纲目） ，营实墙靡（植物名实图考），多花蔷薇 （华北习见观赏植物） ，蔷薇 （江苏南部种子植物手册）
Rosa multiflora Thunb. Fl. Jap. 214. 1784; Hook. f. in Curtis’s Bot. Mag. 116: t. 7119. 1890: Willmott, Gen. Ros. 1: 23. t. 1911; Rehd. et Wils. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 2:304. 1915; 广州植物志294. 1956; 江苏南部种子植物手册358. 1959; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 541. 1965;中国高等植物图鉴2: 249.图2228. 1972.
攀援灌木；小枝圆柱形，通常无毛，有短、粗稍弯曲皮束。小叶5-9，近花序的小叶有 时3，连叶柄长5-10厘米；小叶片倒卵形、长圆形或卵形，长1.5-5厘米，宽8-28毫米， 先端急尖或圆钝，基部近圆形或楔形，边缘有尖锐单锯齿，稀混有重锯齿，上面无毛，下面 有柔毛；小叶柄和叶轴有柔毛或无毛，有散生腺毛；托叶篦齿状，大部贴生于叶柄，边缘有或无腺毛。花多朵，排成圆锥状花序，花梗长1.5-2.5厘米，无毛或有腺毛，有时基部有篦齿状小苞片；花直径1.5-2厘米，萼片披针形，有时中部具2个线形裂片，外面无毛，内面有柔毛；花瓣白色，宽倒卵形，先端微凹，基部楔形；花柱结合成束，无毛，比雄蕊稍长。果近球形，直径6-8毫米，红褐色或紫褐色，有光泽，无毛，萼片脱落。
产江苏、山东、河南等省。日本、朝鲜习见。
本种变异性强，常见庭园栽培有以下变种。

《Flora of North America》|| Rosaceae || Rosa || Rosa multiflora

4. Rosa multiflora Thunberg in J. A. Murray, Syst. Veg. ed. 14. 474. 1784.

Japanese or multiflora rose, rosier multiflore

Stems erect, arching, procumbent, or climbing, 15–30(–100) dm; bark of canes green to reddish brown; infrastipular prickles paired, curved, rarely erect, stout, 4–6 × 3 mm, internodal prickles fewer, similar, aciculi absent. Leaves deciduous, 5–12 cm; stipules narrowly lanceolate, 8–13 × 1.5–2 mm, auricles flared, 4–8 mm, margins fimbriate, ˂cleft to 3 mm˃, usually stipitate-glandular or gland-tipped, surfaces glabrous, sometimes puberulent, eglandular or sessile- or stipitate-glandular; petiole and rachis with pricklets, puberulent, pubescent, or tomentose, usually stipitate-glandular, sometimes eglandular; leaflets (5–)7–9(–11), terminal: petiolule 7–13 mm, blade obovate to elliptic, 10–45 × 8–25 mm, membranous, base cuneate, margins 1(–2)-serrate, teeth 12–20 per side, sharp, rarely gland-tipped, apex acute to long-acuminate, abaxial surfaces glabrous or pubescent (especially midveins), eglandular, adaxial green, dull, glabrous. Panicles 5–30+-flowered. Pedicels 5–12 mm, pubescent (especially proximally), sometimes glabrous, stipitate-glandular or eglandular; bracts 1 or 2, narrowly lanceolate, 5–10 × 1–2 mm, margins short stipitate-glandular, surfaces glabrous, eglandular. Flowers ˂sweet-scented˃, 1.5–2.5 cm diam.; hypanthium oblong, 2 × 1–1.5 mm, eglandular or stipitate-glandular; sepals ovate-acuminate, 6–10 × 1.5–2 mm ˂shorter than petals˃, margins pinnatifid, tip 1–2 × 0.5 mm, abaxial surfaces glabrous, usually stipitate-glandular; petals single or double, white, rarely pale pink, 7–13 × 5–9 mm; carpels 6–11, styles glabrous, exsert 3–4 mm beyond stylar orifice rims (0.5–1 mm diam.), hypanthial disc 2–3 mm diam. Hips orange-red to red, ovoid to globose, (4–)5–7(–10) × 5–7 mm, eglandular or sparsely stipitate-glandular. Achenes 6–11, tan, 3.8–5 × 2–2.5 mm. 2n = 14.

Flowering Apr–Jun. Disturbed areas, thickets, borders of woods, fences, streamsides, roadsides, old pastures, fields, acidic soil; 0–1700 m; introduced; B.C., N.B., Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.), N.S., Ont., Que.; Ala., Ark., Calif., Colo., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis.; Asia (China, Japan); introduced also in Mexico, Pacific Islands (Philippines).

Rosa multiflora was introduced in North America before 1811 as an ornamental. In the twentieth century, seedlings were widely provided by the U.S. Soil Conservation Service for growing hedgerows and similar plantings where it thrived in more acidic soil east of the Rocky Mountains. The species invaded pastures, degraded forage quality, reduced grazing area and agricultural productivity, and was widely reported as a noxious weed, causing, for instance, severe eye and skin irritations in cattle. Domestic sheep and goats feed on leaves, new buds, and shoots, and goats in pastures with severe R. multiflora infestations can virtually eliminate this rose within four seasons. The USDA Forest Service reported in 2006 that in 31 states the species had become a major conservation issue (S. E. Banasiak and S. J. Meiners 2009).

Vigorous climbers known as the “hard-luck” roses because of their great tolerance to frost, neglect, and varying habitats have been developed from Rosa multiflora, which has long served as a major root stock for budding roses in the rose industry worldwide.

Achenes of Rosa multiflora have long been used as a purgative in Japanese traditional medicine.