《中国植物志》|| 十字花科 CRUCIFERAE ||蔊菜属 Rorippa Scop. ||无瓣蔊菜 Rorippa dubia (Pers.) H. Hara

3. 无瓣蔊菜（中草药通讯） 塘葛菜（岭南采药录）、蔊菜（江苏南部种子植物手册）、野油菜（中国高等植物图鉴）、江剪刀草（上海）、干油菜、野菜子、清明菜（四川）图版84：4-5
Rorippa dubia (Pers.) Hara in Journ. Jap. Bot. 30 (7): 196. 1955; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 487. 1965; 中草药通讯 2: 39. 1979; 湖北植物志2: 28. 1979. 图717. ——Sisymbrum dubium Pers. synop. Pl. 2: 199. 1807. ——Cardmine sublyrata Miq. in Ann. Mus. Lugd. -Bat. 2: 73. 1866. e typo——Nasturtium sublyratum (Miq.) Franch. et Savat. in Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 278. 1876. ——N. montanum Wall. Cat. no. 4778. 1828, nom. nude typo. ; 广州植物志115. 1956. ——Rorippa montana (Wall.) Small, Fl. S. E. U. S. ed. 2. 1336. 1913; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 58. 1972; 秦岭植物志1 (2): 382. 1974. ——R. indica var. apetala (DC.) Hochreut. in Candollea 2: 370. 1925. ——N. sinapis O. E. Schulz in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. 33: 278. 1934. p. p. ——R. sublyrata (Miq.) Hara in Journ. Jap. Bot. 11: 623. 1935. p. p. quoad basonym. ——R. sinapis Ohwi et Hara, Hara l. c. 12: 899. f. c. 1936. p. p.
一年生草本，高10-30厘米；植株较柔弱，光滑无毛，直立或呈铺散状分枝，表面具纵沟。单叶互生，基生叶与茎下部叶倒卵形或倒卵状披针形，长3-8厘米，宽1.5-3.5厘米，多数呈大头羽状分裂，顶裂片大，边缘具不规则锯齿，下部具1-2对小裂片，稀不裂，叶质薄；茎上部叶卵状披针形或长圆形，边缘具波状齿，上下部叶形及大小均多变化，具短柄或无柄。总状花序顶生或侧生，花小，多数，具细花梗；萼片4，直立，披针形至线形，长约3毫米，宽约1毫米，边缘膜质；无花瓣（偶有不完全花瓣）；雄蕊6，2枚较短。长角果线形，长2-3.5厘米，宽约1毫米，细而直；果梗纤细，斜升或近水平开展。种子每室1行，多数，细小，种子褐色、近卵形，一端尖而微凹，表面具细网纹；子叶缘筒胚根。花期4-6月，果期6-8月。
产安徽、江苏、浙江、福建、湖北、湖南、江西、广东、广西、陕西、甘肃、四川、贵州、云南、西藏。生于山坡路旁、山谷、河边湿地、园圃及田野较潮湿处，海拔500-3700米。日本、菲律宾、印度尼西亚、印度及美国南部均有分布。
全草入药，内服有解表健胃、止咳化痰、平喘、清热解毒、散热消肿等效；外用治痈肿疮毒及烫火伤。
本种与蔊菜 R. indica (L.) Hiern 的区别在于植株较柔弱，常呈铺散状分枝，叶大而薄；花无瓣；长角果细而直，果瓣近扁平；种子每室1行。焊菜植株较粗壮，叶较小而质厚；花瓣黄色；长角果稍短而粗，成熟时果瓣隆起；种子每室2行。
查以往国内文献，均将二者混杂未分，经对所见标本解剖观察，发现原定为 R. montana (Wall.) Small 的，实为 R. dubia. (Pers.) Hara, 故予以订正。

《云南植物志》|| 十字花科 Cruciferae nom. conserv. ||蔊菜属 Rorippa Scop. ||南蔊菜 Rorippa dubia (Pers.) Hara

2.南蔊菜（云南种子植物名录）
青兰菜、野雪里蕻、无瓣蔊菜（中草药通讯），塘菖菜（岭南采药录）
Rorippa dubia (Pers.) Hara (1965), (1966), (1979); in Hara et a1. (1979); Ohwi (1965); Murata (1974); 湖北植物志 (1979)*; Kitag. (1982)*; C. Y. Wu (1984); Griers. (1984); W. T. Wang (1987); 中国植物志 (1987)*; X. L. Yang (1988).
Sisymbrium dubium Pers. (1806); Nasturtium montanum Wall. (1828), nom. nud., ex Hook. f. et Thoms. (1861); 广州植物志 (1956); 秦岭植物志 (1979)*; H. Koyama (1986); Cardamine sublyrata Miq. (1866), e typo; N. indicum auct. non (L.) DC. ; Hook. f. et T. Anders. (1872); Rorippa montana (Wall.) Small (1913), N. sinapis (Burm. f.) O. E. Sehulz (1918) P. P.; Nasturtium sublyratum (Miq.) Franeh. et Sav. (1876); R. indica (L.) Bailey (1916), non (L ) Hiern; Rorippa indica var. apetala (DC.) Hochr.; Nastartium sinapis O. E. Sehulz (1934), p. p., exsl. basinym.; R. sinapis (Burm. f.) Ohwi et Hara (1936), p. p., excl. basinym.
一年生草本，全体无毛。茎直立或铺散状，高10—50厘米，多分枝。基生叶及茎下部叶有长柄，柄基部扩大，稍抱茎，叶片倒卵状披针形，羽状分裂或不裂，长10—15厘米，宽3—3.5厘米，先端圆形，基部渐狭；茎下部叶卵形至狭长圆形，多不分裂，向上渐小，先端圆形，基部有短柄及耳状裂片抱茎。总状花序无苞片，顶生，果期伸长；花小，直径2—3毫米；花梗长2—3毫米；萼片长圆形，长1.5—2毫米，宽约0.7毫米，先端钝圆；花瓣无；雄蕊长2—2.5毫米，花药椭圆形，长0.5毫米；雌蕊长约2毫米。长角果线形，细长而直伸，长2.5—3厘米，宽仅0.7毫米，果瓣无脉，平滑；果梗长1—3毫米；种子多数，1行，卵形，压扁，长约0.5毫米，红棕色，表面有细网纹。花期3—4月，果期5—6月。
产滇东南及勐腊、勐连、昆明、路南、建水、景东、凤庆、临沧、丽江，生于山坡路旁、山谷、河边湿地、园圃及田野较潮湿处，海拔600—2700米；自华南北至甘肃、河北及山东也有。亦见于日本、菲律宾、印度尼西亚、印度、锡金及美国南部。
全株入药，清热解毒，治干血痨。

《Flora of North America》|| Brassicaceae || Rorippa || Rorippa dubia

11. Rorippa dubia (Persoon) H. Hara, J. Jap. Bot. 30: 196. 1955.

Sisymbrium dubium Persoon, Syn. Pl. 2: 199. 1806, based on S. apetalum Desfontaines, Tabl. École Bot., 130. 1804, not Loureiro 1790; Nasturtium heterophyllum Blume; Rorippa heterophylla (Blume) R. O. Williams; R. indica (Linnaeus) Hiern var. apetala (de Candolle) Hochreutiner

Annuals; usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent. Stems (simple or branched from base), erect or ascending, branched proximally and distally, (0.4-)1.5-3.3(-4.5) dm, (glabrous or sparsely pubescent proximally). Basal leaves not rosulate; blade margins pinnatifid. Cauline leaves petiolate (to 4 cm) or (distal) sessile; blade lyrate-pinnatipartite or undivided, obovate, oblong, or lanceolate, (2-)3-11(-15) cm × (5-)10-30(-50) mm, (lateral lobes smaller than terminal), base auriculate or not, margins entire, irregularly crenate, or serrate (entire or serrulate distally). Racemes elongated. Fruiting pedicels divaricate, straight, (2-)3-8(-10) mm. Flowers: sepals erect, oblong-linear, (2-)2.5-3 × 0.5-0.7 mm; petals (usually absent), yellow, linear or narrowly oblanceolate, 1-1.5 × 0.2-0.7 mm, (shorter than sepals); median filaments 1.5-2.8 mm; anthers oblong, 0.5-0.8 mm. Fruits siliques, straight, linear, (15-)25-40 × 0.7-0.9(-1) mm; ovules 70-90 per ovary; style 0.2-1(-1.5) mm, (stout, as thick as fruit). Seeds uniseriate, reddish brown, ovate-orbicular, 0.5-0.8 mm (0.4-0.6 mm diam.), foveolate. 2n = 32, 48.

Flowering often year-round. Waste areas, slopes, roadsides, wet grounds, grassy places, field margins; 0-500[-3700] m; introduced; La., Miss., Oreg.; se Asia; introduced also in Central America, South America.

Rorippa dubia was treated by R. L. Stuckey (1972) as R. heterophylla and by R. C. Rollins (1993) as R. indica var. apetala. Both authors overlooked H. Hara’s (1955b) comprehensive account of its typification and that of R. indica.

《Flora of China》|| Brassicaceae || Rorippa ||无瓣蔊菜 Rorippa dubia

3. Rorippa dubia (Persoon) H. Hara, J. Jap. Bot. 30: 196. 1955.

无瓣蔊菜 wu ban han cai

Sisymbrium dubium Persoon, Syn. Pl. 2: 199. 1807; Cardamine sublyrata Miquel; Nasturtium dubium (Persoon) Kuntze; N. heterophyllum Blume; N. indicum (Linnaeus) de Candolle var. apetalum de Candolle; N. indicum var. javanum Blume; N. sublyratum (Miquel) Franchet & Savatier; Rorippa heterophylla (Blume) R. O. Williams; R. indica (Linnaeus) Hiern var. apetala (de Candolle) Hochreutiner; R. sublyrata (Miquel) H. Hara.

Herbs annual, (4-)15-33(-45) cm tall, glabrous or rarely sparsely pubescent. Stems often branched basally and apically. Basal leaves withered by flowering. Lower and middle cauline leaves auriculate or not; petiole to 4 cm, rarely absent; leaf blade lyrate-pinnatipartite or undivided, obovate, oblong, or lanceolate, (2-)3-11(-15) × (0.5-)1-3(-5) cm, margin entire or irregularly crenate or serrate, apex obtuse or subacute; terminal lobe oblong, elliptic, or oblong-lanceolate, to 14 × 4 cm; lateral lobes absent or 1-4 on each side of midvein. Uppermost leaves usually sessile, auriculate or not; leaf blade lanceolate or oblong, margin entire or serrulate, apex acute or acuminate. Racemes ebracteate. Fruiting pedicels slender, divaricate, straight, (2-)3-8(-10) mm. Sepals often pinkish, ascending, oblong-linear, (2-)2.5-3 × 0.5-0.7 mm, margin membranous. Petals mostly absent, rarely present and linear or narrowly oblanceolate, 1.5-2.5 × 0.2-0.7(-1) mm, often shorter than sepals. Filaments 1.5-2.8 mm; anthers oblong, 0.5-0.8 mm. Ovules 70-90 per ovary. Fruit linear, (1.5-)2.5-4 cm × 0.7-0.9(-1) mm, straight; valves thin papery, not veined; style 0.2-1(-1.5) mm, stout and about as wide as fruit, rarely slender and narrower. Seeds reddish brown, subquadrate or ovate-orbicular, 0.5-0.8 × 0.4-0.6 mm, foveolate, uniseriate. Fl. and fr. throughout the year. 2n = 32*, 48*.

Valleys, waste areas, slopes, roadsides, wet grounds, grassy places, field margins; near sea level to 3700 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Gaungxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sikkim, Thailand, Vietnam; naturalized in North and South America].