KINGDOM:Plantae || PHYLUM:Tracheophyta || CLASS:Liliopsida || ORDER:Asparagales || FAMILY:鸢尾科 Iridaceae || GENUS: 鸢尾属 Iris
《中国植物志》|| 鸢尾科 IRIDACEAE ||鸡冠状附属物组 Sect. Crossiris Spach ||鸢尾 Iris tectorum Maxim.
43. 鸢尾(神农本草经)屋顶鸢尾(中国植物学杂志),蓝蝴蝶(广州),紫蝴蝶、扁竹花(陕西),蛤蟆七(湖北)图版58: 1-3
Iris tectorum Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 15: 380. 1871; Hook. f. in Curtis’s Bot. Mag. t. 6118. 1874; Baker in Gard. Chron. ser. 2, 6: 37. 1876; Dykes, Gen. Iris 102, pl. 24(a) 1913; 刘瑛, 中国植物学杂志3 (2): 937. 1936; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 333. 1956; 中国高等植物图鉴 5: 573, 图7975. 1976; 秦岭植物志1(1): 386. 1976.——I. rosthornii Diels in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 29: 261. 1910. ——I. chinensis Bunge, Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor. Coll. 64. 1833. non Curtis. 1797.
多年生草本,植株基部围有老叶残留的膜质叶鞘及纤维。根状茎粗壮,二歧分枝,直径约1厘米,斜伸;须根较细而短。叶基生,黄绿色,稍弯曲,中部略宽,宽剑形,长15-50厘米,宽1.5-3.5厘米,顶端渐尖或短渐尖,基部鞘状,有数条不明显的纵脉。花茎光滑,高20-40厘米,顶部常有l-2个短侧枝,中、下部有1-2枚茎生叶;苞片2-3枚,绿色,草质,边缘膜质,色淡,披针形或长卵圆形,长5-7.5厘米,宽2-2.5厘米,顶端渐尖或长渐尖,内包含有1-2朵花;花蓝紫色,直径约10厘米;花梗甚短;花被管细长,长约3厘米,上端膨大成喇叭形,外花被裂片圆形或宽卵形,长5-6厘米,宽约 4厘米,顶端微凹,爪部狭楔形,中脉上有不规则的鸡冠状附属物,成不整齐的繸状裂,内花被裂片椭圆形,长4.5-5厘米,宽约3厘米,花盛开时向外平展,爪部突然变细;雄蕊长约2.5厘米,花药鲜黄色,花丝细长,白色;花柱分枝扁平,淡蓝色,长约3.5厘米,顶端裂片近四方形,有疏齿,子房纺锤状圆柱形,长1.8-2厘米。蒴果长椭圆形或倒卵形,长4.5-6厘米,直径2-2.5厘米,有6条明显的肋,成熟时自上而下3瓣裂;种子黑褐色,梨形,无附属物。花期4-5月,果期6-8月。
产山西、安徽、江苏、浙江、福建、湖北、湖南、江西、广西、陕西、甘肃、四川、贵州、云南、西藏。生于向阳坡地、林缘及水边湿地。模式标本采自日本。
根状茎治关节炎、跌打损伤、食积、肝炎等症。对氟化物敏感,可用以鉴测环境污染。
| Chinese name | Vernacular name | Plant | Ethnic group | Use | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鸢尾 | 坡茄,鸢尾,箭药,射干 | 鸢尾 Iris tectorum Maxim. | Yi medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《彝植药》 |
| 鸢尾 | 蛤蟆七(克切八页key qie bar yier) | 鸢尾 Iris tectorum Maxim. | Tujia medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《土家药》 |
| 鸢尾 | 汪巴八,钱尾辣,拉底斑,泡鱼底拉丹 | 鸢尾 Iris tectorum Maxim. | Zhuang medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《民族药志二》 |
| 鸢尾 | 莴涩妹(环江语) | 鸢尾 Iris tectorum Maxim. | Maonan medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《桂药编》 |
| 鸢尾 | 西狂痞 | 鸢尾 Iris tectorum Maxim. | Lisu medicine | Ethnomedicinal | |
| 鸢尾 | 西狂痞 | 鸢尾 Iris tectorum Maxim. | Lisu medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《怒江药》 |
| 鸢尾 | 曼西喃,蹒偕榄(德傣) | 鸢尾 Iris tectorum Maxim. | Dai medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《滇药录》 |
| 鸢尾 | 戈双嘎 | 鸢尾 Iris tectorum Maxim. | Bouyei medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《民族药志二》 |
| 鸢尾 | 猛吕岑Maemx luih jenc,骂省笨(Mal sedp bedl.) | 鸢尾 Iris tectorum Maxim. | Dong medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《侗医学》 |
| 鸢尾 | 美省巴(三江语),星蛮(融水语) | 鸢尾 Iris tectorum Maxim. | Dong medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《桂药编》 |
| Plant name | Local name | Family | Life form | Part used | Folk use | Voucher | Locality | Ethnic group | Region |
|---|
| Title | Authors | Journal | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| [Identification and biological characteristics of southern blight causing root rot on three medicine plants of Iridaceae in Dabie Mountains]. | Liu, Yu; Yang, Ya-Wen; Miao, Yu-Huan; Chen, Qiao-Huan; Wang, Tie-Lin; Liu, Da-Hui; Huang, Bi-Sheng | Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica | 2021-Jan |
| [RbcL sequence analysis of Belamcanda chinensis and related medicinal plants of Iris]. | Qin, Min-jian; Huang, Yun; Yang, Guang; Xu, Luo-shan; Zhou, Kai-ya | Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica | 2003-Feb |
| Resource Investigation and Evaluation System Establishment of Endangered Medicinal Plants in Jinfo Mountain | Yi Sirong; Huang Ya; Quan Jian; Pei Lirong; Lei Meiyan; Cao Houqiang | Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany | 2016 |
| Phenolic metabolite profiles and antioxidants assay of three Iridaceae medicinal plants for traditional Chinese medicine She-gan by on-line HPLC-DAD coupled with chemiluminescence (CL) and ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS | Xie, Guo-Yong; Zhu, Yan; Shu, Pan; Qin, Xiao-Ying; Wu, Gang; Wang, Qi; Qin, Min-Jian | JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS | SEP 2014 |
| Study on carbon storage and carbon sink function of 4 ornamental grasses planted in urban areas of Fujian | Chen Ying; Yan Shujun; Song Wanrong; Ma Yan; Chen Xiaojuan; Lin Sizu | Journal of Fujian College of Forestry | 2013 |
| Anti-hepatitis B virus activity of swertisin isolated from Iris tectorum Maxim | Xu, Hong-Yan; Ren, Ji-Hua; Su, Yu; Ren, Fang; Zhou, Yu-Jiao; Jiang, Hui; Cheng, Sheng-Tao; Zhang, Chuan-Rui; Chen, Juan | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JUL 15 2020 |
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