中文
Ethnobotany of China

KINGDOM: || PHYLUM: || CLASS: || ORDER: || FAMILY:唇形科 LABIATAE || GENUS:

薄荷 Mentha haplocalyx

Accepted name Mentha canadensis L. (Lamiaceae) WCVP · synonym, resolved to accepted name
Catalogue of Life China 薄荷
Flora treatments

《中国植物志》|| 唇形科 LABIATAE ||薄荷系 Ser. Sibiricae Boriss. ||薄荷 Mentha haplocalyx Briq.

1.薄荷(植物名实图考)野薄荷(各地),南薄荷、夜息香(山东),野仁丹草、见肿消(江苏),水薄荷、水益母、接骨草(云南昆明),水薄荷(云南),土薄荷、鱼香草、香薷草(四川)图版60
Mentha haplocalyx Briq. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve 5: 39. 1889; et in Engl. u. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4, 3a: 319. 1897; Nakai in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 35: 178. 1921; Kudo in Mem. Fac. Sci. Agr. Taihoku Univ. 2: 87. 1929; Boriss. in Fl. U 21: 607. 1954; H. W. Li in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 12 (2) : 206. 1974——Mentha arvensis Linn. var. haplocalyx Briq. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2: 707. 1894——Mentha arvensis Linn. ssp. haplocalyx Briq. in Engl. u. Prantl 1. c. 1897; Hand.-Mazz. in Act. Hort. Gothob. 9: 88. 1934; Symb. Sin. 7: 932. 1936; Hao in Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 68: 635. 1938——Mentha arvensis Linn. var. canadensis Maxim. in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. Sav. Etrang. 9: 215. 1859——Mentha arvensis Linn. f. chinensis Debeaux in Act. Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 31: 107. 1876-77——Mentha pedunculata Hu et Tsai in静生汇报2: 259. 1931, syn. nov.——Mentha arvensis auct. non Linn.: Regel in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. VII. 4: 114, n. 378. 1861; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 276, 1861; Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 1: 365. 1875; Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 29: 11. 1882; Franch. Pl. David. 1: 235. 1884; et in Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg 24: 242. 1884; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 648. 1885; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 281. 1890; Kosh. in Act. Hort. Petrop. 12: 376. 1892, (var. r. ) ; Palibin in ibid. 14: 135. 1895, (var. r. ) ; Diels in Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 29: 559. 1900; Gilg in Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 34, Beibl. 75: 64. 1904; Komarov in Act. Hort. Petrop. 25: 385. 1907; Dunn et Tutch. in Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. Add. Ser. 14: 209. 1912; Diels in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 7: 142, 245, 315, 376. 1912-13; Dunn in ibid. 6: 156. 1915; Diels in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. Beih. 12: 479. 1922; Liu, Chihli Fl. 150. 1928; 孙雄才, 科学社生物所论文集7: 46, 235. 1932; Belval in Mus. Heude Notes Bot. Chin. 2: 101. 1933; Walker in Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 28: 657. 1941; 侯宽昭, 广州植物志639. 1965.
多年生草本。茎直立,高30-60厘米,下部数节具纤细的须根及水平匍匐根状茎,锐四稜形,具四槽,上部被倒向微柔毛,下部仅沿稜上被微柔毛,多分枝。叶片长圆状披针形,披针形,椭圆形或卵状披针形,稀长圆形,长3-5(7)厘米,宽0.8-3厘米,先端锐尖,基部楔形至近圆形,边缘在基部以上疏生粗大的牙齿状锯齿,侧脉约5-6对,与中肋在上面微凹陷下面显著,上面绿色;沿脉上密生余部疏生微柔毛,或除脉外余部近于无毛,上面淡绿色,通常沿脉上密生微柔毛;叶柄长2-10毫米,腹凹背凸,被微柔毛。轮伞花序腋生,轮廓球形,花时径约18毫米,具梗或无梗,具梗时梗可长达3毫米,被微柔毛;花梗纤细,长2.5毫米,被微柔毛或近于无毛。花萼管状钟形,长约2.5毫米,外被微柔毛及腺点,内面无毛,10脉,不明显,萼齿5,狭三角状钻形,先端长锐尖,长1毫米。花冠淡紫,长4毫米,外面略被微柔毛,内面在喉部以下被微柔毛,冠檐4裂,上裂片先端2裂,较大,其余3裂片近等大,长圆形,先端钝。雄蕊4,前对较长,长约5毫米,均伸出于花冠之外,花丝丝状,无毛,花药卵圆形,2室,室平行。花柱略超出雄蕊,先端近相等2浅裂,裂片钻形。花盘平顶。小坚果卵珠形,黄褐色,具小腺窝。花期7-9月,果期10月。
产南北各地;生于水旁潮湿地,海拔可高达3500米。热带亚洲,苏联远东地区,朝鲜,日本及北美洲(南达墨西哥)也有。模式标本采自斯里兰卡。
幼嫩茎尖可作菜食,全草又可入药,治感冒发热喉痛,头痛,目赤痛,皮肤风疹搔痒,麻疹不透等症,此外对痈、疽、疥、癣、漆疮亦有效。
栽培的薄荷各地的品种繁多,如江苏栽培的薄荷通常称苏薄荷或仁丹草,主要品种有龙脑薄荷(花紫色,雄蕊超出花冠,茎粗长,扭曲呈螺旋状),红叶臭头(花淡紫色,雄蕊短于花冠,茎紫色,较粗,叶较大,先端锐尖),白叶臭头(花淡紫色,雄蕊超出花冠,茎绿色,叶较大,淡绿色),大叶青种(花期迟,雄蕊超出花冠,茎绿色,叶大,绿色,植株高大),小叶黄种(茎紫色,较细短,叶较小,黄绿色,中脉两侧常有紫色斑迹,花深紫,雄蕊内藏),北京栽培的有平叶留兰香,云南楚雄栽培的有楚薄荷等等。这些栽培的薄荷萼齿均为长锐尖,无疑应归入薄荷这一种。有的品种主要产脑,有的品种主要产油。新鲜茎叶含油量为0.8-1.0%,干品含油量为1.3-2.0%,油称薄荷油或薄荷原油,原油主要用于提取薄荷脑(含量77-87%),薄荷脑用于糖果饮料、牙膏、牙粉以及用于皮肤粘膜局部镇痛剂的医药制品(如仁丹、清凉油、一心油),提取薄荷脑后的油叫薄荷素油,亦大量用于牙膏、牙粉、漱口剂、喷雾香精及医药制品等。晒干的薄荷茎叶亦常用作食品的矫味剂和作清凉食品饮料,有驱风、兴奋、发汗等功效。


Source 中国植物物种信息数据库


Plant use records
Chinese name Vernacular name Plant Ethnic group Use Source
薄荷 薄荷 Mentha haplocalyx Briq. Mongolian medicine Ethnomedicinal 《蒙植药志》
薄荷 薄荷 薄荷 Mentha haplocalyx Briq. Medicinal 中国药典2020
薄荷 薄荷 薄荷 Mentha haplocalyx Briq. Medicinal 中华本草
. 薄荷 . 薄荷 . 薄荷 Mentha haplocalyx Briq. Miao Ethnomedicinal 中华本草
薄荷 薄荷 薄荷 Mentha haplocalyx Briq. Uyghur Ethnomedicinal 中华本草


Historical formulas containing this species
Use in historical formulas by period (2131 formulas in total)
Use in historical formulas by periodPre-Qin: 0Pre-QinHan: 11HanWei–Jin & N–S: 11Wei–Jin& N–SSui–Tang & Five Dynasties: 4141Sui–Tang& Five DynastiesSong: 253253SongJin–Yuan: 190190Jin–YuanMing: 844844MingQing: 801801Qing




Wild economic plants of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (field survey)
Plant name Local name Family Life form Part used Folk use Voucher Locality Ethnic group Region

Research papers
Title Authors Journal Date
Effects of leachates from understory medicinal plants ondecomposition of Pinus tabuliformis litter and soil enzyme activities Xu Jiyuan; Lu Yupeng; Zhang Xiaoxi; Wang Boya; Xie Bo; Liu Zengwen Journal of Northwest A & F University. Natural Science Edition 2018
Metabonomic study on chronic unpredictable mild stress and intervention effects of Xiaoyaosan in rats using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry Gao, Xiaoxia; Zheng, Xingyu; Li, Zhenyu; Zhou, Yuzhi; Sun, Haifeng; Zhang, Lizeng; Guo, Xiaoqing; Du, Guanhua; Qin, Xuemei JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY SEP 1 2011
Metabolomics study on the anti-depression effect of xiaoyaosan on rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress Dai, Yuntao; Li, Zhenyu; Xue, Liming; Dou, Chunyan; Zhou, Yuzhi; Zhang, Lizeng; Qin, Xuemei JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY MAR 24 2010
Plasma metabolomics of depressed patients and treatment with Xiaoyaosan based on mass spectrometry technique Liu, Xiaojie; Liu, Caichun; Tian, Junsheng; Gao, Xiaoxia; Li, Ke; Du, Guanhua; Qin, Xuemei JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY JAN 10 2020
Brain metabonomics study of the antidepressant-like effect of Xiaoyaosan on the CUMS-depression rats by H-1 NMR analysis Liu, Xiaojie; Zheng, Xingyu; Du, Guanhua; Li, Zhenyu; Qin, Xuemei JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY MAY 10 2019
Studies on the potential link between antidepressant effect of Xiaoyao San and its pharmacological activity of hepatoprotection based on multi-platform metabolomics Chen, Congcong; Yin, Qicai; Tian, Junshen; Gao, Xiaoxia; Qin, Xuemei; Du, Guanhua; Zhou, Yuzhi JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY MAY 10 2021
Study on Antifungal Action of 5 kinds of Chinese Medicinal Plants CHEN Guosheng Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences 2008
Effects of medicinal herbs Plantago asiatica, Houttuynia cordata and Mentha haplocalyx on non-specific immune responses of cobia (Rachycentron canadum) Wu, Yu-Sheng; Chen, Yin-Yu; Ueng, Pien-Sheng; Nan, Fan-Hua FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY NOV 2016
Effects of leachate from understory medicinal plants on litter decomposition and soil enzyme activities of Betula albo-sinensis and Eucommia ulmoides Lu Yupeng; Xu Jiyuan; Zhang Xiaoxi; Wang Boya; Xie Bo; Liu Zengwen Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology 2017
Effects of Leachates from Understory Medicinal Plants on Decomposition of Populus Purdomii Litters and Soil Enzyme Activity Lu Yupeng; Xu Jiyuan; Zhang Xiaoxi; Wang Boya; Xie Bo; Shi Fei; Liu Zengwen Acta Pedologica Sinica 2017
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