KINGDOM:Plantae || PHYLUM:Tracheophyta || CLASS:Magnoliopsida || ORDER:Ranunculales || FAMILY:毛茛科 Ranunculaceae || GENUS: 黄连属 Coptis
《中国植物志》|| 毛茛科 RANUNCULACEAE ||黄连属 Coptis Salisb. ||黄连 Coptis chinensis Franch.
1．黄连（神农本草经）味连、川连、鸡爪连 图版150: 1-3
Coptis chinensis Franch. in Morot, Journ. Bot. 2: 231. 1897; 中药志1: 457, 图305, 6-7. 1959; 中国高等植物图鉴 1: 666, 图1332. 1972.——teeta Wall. var. chinensis (Franch. ) Finet et Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 51: 402. 1904. ——C. teeta var. chinensis subvar. rhizomatosa Levl. in Rep. Sp. Nov. 7: 258. 1909.
根状茎黄色，常分枝，密生多数须根。叶有长柄；叶片稍带革质，卵状三角形，宽达10厘米，三全裂，中央全裂片卵状菱形，长3-8厘米，宽2-4厘米，顶端急尖，具长0.8-1.8厘米的细柄，3或5对羽状深裂，在下面分裂最深，深裂片彼此相距2-6毫米，边缘生具细刺尖的锐锯齿，侧全裂片具长1.5-5毫米的柄，斜卵形，比中央全裂片短，不等二深裂，两面的叶脉隆起，除表面沿脉被短柔毛外，其余无毛；叶柄长5-12厘米，无毛。花葶1-2条，高12-25厘米；二歧或多歧聚伞花序有3-8朵花；苞片披针形，三或五羽状深裂；萼片黄绿色，长椭圆状卵形，长9-12.5毫米，宽2-3毫米；花瓣线形或线状披针形，长5-6.5毫米，顶端渐尖，中央有蜜槽；雄蕊约20，花药长约1毫米，花丝长2-5毫米；心皮8-12，花柱微外弯。蓇葖长6-8毫米，柄约与之等长；种子7-8粒，长椭圆形，长约2毫米，宽约0.8毫米，褐色。2-3月开花，4-6月结果。
分布于四川、贵州、湖南、湖北、陕西南部。生海拔500-2000米间的山地林中或山谷阴处，野生或栽培。模式标本采自四川城口。
根状茎为著名中药“黄连”，含小檗碱、黄连碱、甲基黄连碱、掌叶防己碱等生物碱，可治急性结膜炎、急性细菌性痢疾、急性肠胃炎、吐血、痈疖疮疡等症。
黄连始载于《神农本草经》，列为上品。《本草纲目》中记载：“其根连珠而色黄，故名。”自古以来即认为四川为主产地，例如《名医别录》上说：“黄连生巫阳及蜀郡大山，二月八月采。”而巫阳及蜀郡均指四川。此外，本草记载在长江以东以及湖南、安徽诸省也产，如唐本草记载：“蜀道者粗大，味极浓苦，疗渴为最，江东（即今长江以东）者节如连珠，疗痢大著，今澄州（即今湖南澧县）者更胜。”再参阅重修政和经史证类备用本草中“澧州黄连”和“宣州（即今安徽宣城）黄连”以及《植物名实图考》中的黄连附图，特别是后二者可以清晰地鉴定即系黄连属(Coptis)植物无疑。因而可以认为我国自古以来即以四川一带的黄连 C. chinensis 及长江流域下游一带的短萼黄连 C. chinensis var. brevisepala 同时一并药用。
| Chinese name | Vernacular name | Plant | Ethnic group | Use | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 黄连 | 这各(Zev gor) | 黄连 Coptis chinensis Franch. | Tujia medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《土家药》 |
| 黄连 | 黄连 | 黄连 Coptis chinensis Franch. | Medicinal | 中国药典2020 | |
| 黄连 | 黄连 | 黄连 Coptis chinensis Franch. | Medicinal | 中华本草 | |
| 黄连 | 黄连 | 黄连 Coptis chinensis Franch. | Uyghur | Ethnomedicinal | 中华本草 |
| 黄连 | 黄连 | 黄连 Coptis chinensis Franch. | Tibetan | Ethnomedicinal | 中华本草 |
| 黄连 | 黄连 | 黄连 Coptis chinensis Franch. | Mongolian | Ethnomedicinal | 中华本草 |
| 吹鼻散 | 鸡膍胵丸 | 长肉散 | 菟丝子散 | 茯神散 | 鹿茸丸 |
| 升麻散 | 黄连散 | 排脓生肌膏 | 旋覆花散 | 羚羊角散 | 铃石散 |
| 马牙消散 | 天竺黄散 | 猬皮丸 | 雄黄散 | 熟地黄散 | 蔷薇根皮散 |
| 雌黄膏 | 麝香丸 | 黄连散 | 吹鼻龙脑散 | 禹余粮丸 | 木香散 |
| 牡蛎散 | 牡蛎散 | 松脂贴 | 苇茎加滑石杏仁汤 | 小陷胸汤 | 雄黄膏 |
| Plant name | Local name | Family | Life form | Part used | Folk use | Voucher | Locality | Ethnic group | Region |
|---|
| Title | Authors | Journal | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Genetic variation among wild and cultivated populations of the Chinese medicinal plant Coptis chinensis (Ranunculaceae) | Shi, W.; Yang, C. -F.; Chen, J. -M.; Guo, Y. -H. | PLANT BIOLOGY | JUL 2008 |
| Chinese medicinal plants: an alternative approach for management of Verticillium wilt of cotton | Khaskheli, Muhammad I.; Sun, Jun L.; He, Shou P.; Pan, Zhao E.; Jia, Yin H.; Zhu, He Q.; Khaskheli, Allah J.; Du, Xiong M. | PHYTOPATHOLOGIA MEDITERRANEA | 2016 |
| Anti-quorum sensing of Galla chinensis and Coptis chinensis on bacteria | Zhang, Ying; Djakpo, Odilon; Xie, Yunfei; Guo, Yahui; Yu, Hang; Cheng, Yuliang; Qian, He; Shi, Rui; Yao, Weirong | LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY | |
| Characteristics of Seed Germination of the Protected Medicinal Plant Coptis chinensis | ZHANG Chunping; HE Ping; HE Junxing; WANG Ruibo; ZHANG Yifeng | Journal of Southwest University. Natural Science Edition | 2008 |
| An activity-integrated strategy involving ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and fraction collector for rapid screening and characterization of the alpha-glucosidase inhibitors in Coptis chinensis Franch. (Huanglian) | Ge, Ai-hua; Bai, Yang; Li, Jin; Liu, Jiao; He, Jun; Liu, Er-wei; Zhang, Peng; Zhang, Bo-li; Gao, Xiu-mei; Chang, Yan-xu | JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS | NOV 2014 |
| Comparison of the effects of hot and cold Chinese medicinal plants on the production of inflammatory mediators by RAW 264.7 cells | Ho, SC; Tsai, PJ | JOURNAL OF FOOD AND DRUG ANALYSIS | JUN 2004 |
| Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of 10 alkaloids in beagle plasma after the oral administration of the three Coptidis rhizoma extracts | Ren, Yixuan; Wang, Zhibin; Wu, Chengcui; Dong, Hongrui; Gan, Chunli; Fan, Linzi; Wang, Wenyu; Yang, Chunjuan | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JUL 15 2019 |
| Evaluation of the anti-proliferative properties of selected psoriasis-treating Chinese medicines on cultured HaCaT cells | Tse, Wai-Pui; Che, Chun-Tao; Liu, Ken; Lin, Zhi-Xiu | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | NOV 3 2006 |
| A metabolic profiling analysis of the acute hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of Zhusha Anshen Wan compared with cinnabar in rats using H-1 NMR spectroscopy | Wang, Haifeng; Bai, Jiao; Chen, Gang; Li, Wen; Xiang, Rongwu; Su, Guangyue; Pei, Yuehu | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAR 27 2013 |
| A Chinese medicine formula (Jinqi Jiangtang Tablet): A review on its chemical constituents, quality control, pharmacokinetics studies, pharmacological properties and clinical applications | Liu, Yi; Wang, Aiting; Wen, Lina; Yang, Zhirui; Yang, Xinyu; Zhang, Xu; Yan, Dan | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAY 23 2019 |
| Berberine restored nitrergic and adrenergic function in mesenteric and iliac arteries from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats | Zhao, Lili; Liu, Shuai; Wang, Man; Zhi, Minghua; Geng, Xufang; Hou, Congcong; Wang, Wei; Zhao, Ding | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | NOV 15 2019 |
| Rheum palmatum L. and Coptis chinensis Franch., exert antipyretic effect on yeast-induced pyrexia rats involving regulation of TRPV1 and TRPM8 expression | Kong, Xiangying; Wan, Hongye; Su, Xiaohui; Zhang, Cun; Yang, Yue; Li, Xiaomin; Yao, Lan; Lin, Na | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | APR 11 2014 |
| Metabolomics-based evidence of the hypoglycemic effect of Ge-Gen-JiaoTai-Wan in type 2 diabetic rats via UHPLC-QTOF/MS analysis | Wang, Wenbo; Zhao, Linlin; He, Zhenyu; Wu, Ning; Li, Qiuxia; Qiu, Xinjian; Zhou, Lu; Wang, Dongsheng | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JUN 12 2018 |
| Protective effects of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang and its component group on collagen-induced arthritis in rats | Hu, Yaohua; Hu, Zhenlin; Wang, Shuping; Dong, Xinxin; Xiao, Cheng; Jiang, Miao; Lv, Aiping; Zhang, Weidong; Liu, Runhui | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | DEC 12 2013 |
| Tracking evidences of Coptis chinensis for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease from pharmacological, pharmacokinetic to clinical studies | Yang, Yuhan; Vong, Chi Teng; Zeng, Shan; Gao, Caifang; Chen, Zhejie; Fu, Chaomei; Wang, Shengpeng; Zou, Liang; Wang, Anqi; Wang, Yitao | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAR 25 2021 |
| Inhibition effect of oxyepiberberine isolated from Coptis chinensis franch. On non-small cell lung cancer based on a network pharmacology approach and experimental validation. | Zhang, Ying; Yao, Yunfeng; Fu, Yingjie; Yuan, Zixin; Wu, Xingpan; Wang, Tianshun; Hong, Zongchao; Yang, Yanfang; Wu, Hezhen | Journal of ethnopharmacology | 2021-Oct-05 |
| Berberine inhibits intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction in colon caused by peritoneal dialysis fluid by improving cell migration | Zhang, Dongliang; Jiang, Lan; Wang, Mengling; Jin, Meiping; Zhang, Xuemei; Liu, Difa; Wang, Zhangwei; Yang, Licai; Xu, Xudong | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JAN 10 2021 |
| Intervention effects of QRZSLXF, a Chinese medicinal herb recipe, on the DOR-beta-arrestinl-Bcl2 signal transduction pathway in a rat model of ulcerative colitis | Fan, Heng; Liu, Xing-xing; Zhang, Li-juan; Hu, Hui; Tang, Qing; Duan, Xue-yun; Zhong, Min; Shou, Zhe-xing | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAY 28 2014 |
| Proteomics approach to analyze protein profiling related with ADME/Tox in rat treated with Scutellariae radix and Coptidis rhizoma as well as their compatibility | Miao, Qing; Zhao, Yuan-Yuan; Miao, Pei-Pei; Chen, Ning; Yan, Xue-Hua; Guo, Chang-E; Chen, Hong-Ying; Zhang, Yu-Jie | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | SEP 15 2015 |
| Anti-ulcerogenic effect of Zuojin Pill against ethanol-induced acute gastric lesion in animal models | Wang, Jing; Zhang, Tianzhu; Zhu, Lingpeng; Ma, Chunhua; Wang, Shumin | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | SEP 15 2015 |
| Dingxin Recipe IV attenuates atherosclerosis by regulating lipid metabolism through LXR-alpha/SREBP1 pathway and modulating the gut microbiota in ApoE(-/-) mice fed with HFD | Zhang, Yaxin; Gu, Yuyan; Chen, Yihao; Huang, Zhiyong; Li, Mei; Jiang, Weihao; Chen, Jiahui; Rao, Wenting; Luo, Shangfei; Chen, Yuyao; Chen, Junqi; Li, Lijun; Jia, Yuhua; Liu, Menghua; Zhou, Fenghua | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | FEB 10 2021 |
| Antidepressant-like effect of ethanol extract from Zuojin Pill, containing two herbal drugs of Rhizoma Coptidis and Fructus Evodiae, is explained by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter system in mice | Wang, Qiang-Song; Ding, Shi-Lan; Mao, Hao-Ping; Cui, Yuan-Lu; Qi, Xue-Jie | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JUL 9 2013 |
| Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitory activity of alkaloids from Rhizoma Coptidis and their molecular docking studies | Choi, Jae Sue; Ali, Md Yousof; Jung, Hyun Ah; Oh, Sang Ho; Choi, Ran Joo; Kim, Eon Ji | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | |
| Coptis chinensis Franch. exhibits neuroprotective properties against oxidative stress in human neuroblastoma cells | Friedemann, Thomas; Otto, Benjamin; Klaetschke, Kristin; Schumacher, Udo; Tao, Yi; Leung, Alexander Kai-Man; Efferth, Thomas; Schroeder, Sven | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | AUG 8 2014 |
| The multi-targets integrated fingerprinting for screening anti-diabetic compounds from a Chinese medicine Jinqi Jiangtang Tablet | Chang, Yan-xu; Ge, Ai-hua; Donnapee, Sineeporn; Li, Jin; Bai, Yang; Liu, Jiao; He, Jun; Yang, Xi; Song, Li-jiao; Zhang, Bo-li; Gao, Xiu-mei | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | APR 22 2015 |
| The protective effect of the active components of ERPC on diabetic peripheral neuropathy in rats | Hao, Gai-mei; Liu, Yong-gang; Wu, Yan; Xing, Wei; Guo, Shu-zhen; Wang, Yong; Wang, Zheng-lin; Li, Chun; Lv, Tian-tian; Wang, Hong-liang; Shi, Tian-jiao; Wang, Wei; Han, Jing | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | APR 18 2017 |
| UHPLC/Q-TOFMS-based metabolomics for the characterization of cold and hot properties of Chinese materia medica | Wang, Yang; Zhou, Shujun; Wang, Meng; Liu, Shuying; Hu, Yuanjia; He, Chengwei; Li, Peng; Wan, Jian-Bo | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | FEB 17 2016 |
| Coptis chinensis Franch polysaccharides provide a dynamically regulation on intestinal microenvironment, based on the intestinal flora and mucosal immunity | Chen, Qingqing; Ren, Rongrong; Zhang, Qingqing; Wu, Jingjing; Zhang, Yufeng; Xue, Mingsong; Yin, Dengke; Yang, Ye | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAR 1 2021 |
| Analgesic effect of Coptis chinensis rhizomes (Coptidis Rhizoma) extract on rat model of irritable bowel syndrome | Tjong, Yungwui; Ip, Siupo; Lao, Lixing; Fong, Harry H. S.; Sung, Joseph J. Y.; Berman, Brian; Che, Chuntao | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JUN 1 2011 |
| An inhibitory effect of Berberine from herbal Coptis chinensis Franch on rat detrusor contraction in benign prostatic hyperplasia associated with lower urinary tract symptoms | Miao, Lin; Yun, Xiaoting; Yang, Xiaohua; Jia, Sitong; Jiao, Chanyuan; Shao, Rui; Hao, Jia; Chang, Yanxu; Fan, Guanwei; Zhang, Ju; Geng, Qiang; Wichai, Nuttapong; Gao, Xiumei | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAR 25 2021 |
| A refined-JinQi-JiangTang tablet ameliorates prediabetes by reducing insulin resistance and improving beta cell function in mice | Gao, Li-hui; Liu, Quan; Liu, Shuai-nan; Chen, Zhi-yu; Li, Cai-na; Lei, Lei; Sun, Su-juan; Li, Lin-yi; Liu, Jing-long; Shen, Zhu-fang | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JAN 10 2014 |
| Xiexin Tang ameliorates dyslipidemia in high-fat diet-induced obese rats via elevating gut microbiota-derived short chain fatty acids production and adjusting energy metabolism | Xiao, Suwei; Zhang, Zhimiao; Chen, Mengjun; Zou, Junfeng; Jiang, Shu; Qian, Dawei; Duan, Jinao | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | SEP 15 2019 |
| Zuojin Pill ameliorates chronic atrophic gastritis induced by MNNG through TGF-beta 1/PI3K/Akt axis | Tong, Yuling; Wang, Ruilin; Liu, Xia; Tian, Miao; Wang, Yanling; Cui, Yanfei; Zou, Wenjun; Zhao, Yanling | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAY 10 2021 |
| Exploring the synergistic mechanism of Gegen Qinlian Decoction on the Wnt signaling pathway using an integrated strategy of network pharmacology and RNA-seq. | Li, Yanping; Gong, Yiting; Zhang, Xin; Wang, Jiaxin; Cheng, Yaru; Liu, Fen; Shi, Xiujia; Xu, Wenjuan; Dong, Ling | Journal of ethnopharmacology | 2021-Oct-05 |
| Anti-inflammatory effects of 4 medicinal plant extracts in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 cells | Jang, Mi; Jeong, Seung-Weon; Cho, Somi K.; Ahn, Kwang-Seok; Kim, Bum-Keun; Kim, Jong-Chan | FOOD SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY | FEB 2013 |
| Mechanism of action of natural products used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus | Prabhakar, Pranav Kumar; Doble, Mukesh | CHINESE JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE | AUG 2011 |
| Antibacterial activities, antioxidant contents and antioxidant properties of three traditional Chinese medicinal extracts | Li, Wenbin; Sun, Hongyan; Zhou, Jianwu; Zhang, Yabiao; Liu, Linjie; Gao, Ye | BANGLADESH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY | 2015 |
| Allelopathic effect of extracts from the fibrous roots of Coptis chinensis on Lactuca compositae, Vigna radiate and Brassica rapa pekinensis | Wang Yaqi; Chen Danmei; Yuan Ling | Acta Prataculturae Sinica | 2015 |
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