《中国植物志》|| 菊科 COMPOSITAE ||球苞系 Ser. Nepalenses Ling ||尼泊尔香青 Anaphalis nepalensis (Spreng.) Hand.-Mazz.
49. 尼泊尔香青 打火草,图版34: 11-17
Anaphalis nepalensis (Spreng.) Hand. -Mazz., Symb. Sin. 7: 1099. 1936, p. p. et in Act. Hort. Goth. 12: 239. 1938.——Elichrysum nepalense Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 485. 1826.
多年生草本,根状茎细或稍粗壮,有长达20稀40厘米的细匍枝;匍枝有倒卵形或匙形、长1-2厘米的叶和顶生的莲座状叶丛。茎直立或斜升,高5-45厘米,或无茎,被白色密棉毛,有密或疏生的叶。下部叶在花期生存,稀枯萎,与莲座状叶同形,匙形,倒披针形或长圆披针形,长1-7厘米,宽0.5-2厘米或较大,基部渐狭,边缘平,顶端圆形或急尖;中部叶长圆形或倒披针形,常较狭,基部稍抱茎,不下延,顶端钝或尖,有细长尖头;上部叶渐狭小;或茎短而无中上部叶;全部叶两面或下面被白色棉毛且杂有具柄腺毛,有1脉或离基三出脉。头状花序1或少数,稀较多而疏散伞房状排列;花序梗长0.5-2.5厘米。总苞多少球状,长8-12毫米,宽15-20毫米,较花盘长;总苞片8-9层,在花期放射状开展,外层卵圆状披针形,长3.5-5毫米,除顶端外深褐色;内层披针形,长7-10毫米,宽2.5-3毫米,白色,顶端尖,基部深褐色;最内层线状披针形,长5-8毫米,有长约全长三分之一的爪部。花托蜂窝状。雌株头状花序外围有多层雌花,中央有3-6个雄花;雄株头状花序全部有雄花,或外围有1-3个雌花。雄花花冠长3毫米,雌花花冠长约4毫米。冠毛长约4毫米,在雄花上部稍粗厚,有锯齿。瘦果圆柱形,长1毫米,被微毛……。花期6-9月,果期8-10月。
广泛产于西藏、甘肃、四川、云南、陕西。也分布于尼泊尔、锡金、不丹、印度。
尼泊尔香青在西藏民间用为治咳药。在四川俗名清明草。
数据来源 中国植物物种信息数据库
《云南植物志》|| 菊科 Compositae ||香青属 Anaphalis DC. ||尼泊尔香青 Anaphalis nepalensis (Spreng.) Hand.-Mazz.
4. 尼泊尔香青 (中国植物志)
马火草 (东川) ,火草 (中甸) ,“扎瓦” (藏名) ,清明草、打火草 (图鉴)
Anaphalis nepalensis (Spreng.) Hand.-Mazz. (1936), p. p., (1938); Kitam. in Kihara (1955); S. Y. Hu (1965); Hara (1966), (1968), (1971); 图鉴 (1975)*; Lauener (1976); 中国植物志 (1979)*; A. O. Chater in Hara et al. (1982); 云南种子植物名录 (1984); 西藏植物志 (1985)*; 秦岭植物志 (1985)*; 横断山区维管植物 (1994).
Elichrysum nepalense Spreng. (1826); Gnaphalium cuneifolium Wall. (1831), nom. nud.; G. intermedium Wall. (1831), nom. nud.; Anaphalis cuneifolia (Wall.) Hook. f. (1881); Franch. (1888); Diels (1900); A. mairei Levl. (1915), cum var. pulverulenta Levl. (1915); S. Y. Hu (1965).
多年生草本,高5-30厘米。根茎长1-3厘米,粗2-5毫米,具多数线形的须根和纤维状细根,密盖褐色的叶残基,先端生花茎、不育茎和常有匍枝。花茎直立或斜生,基部粗1-2.5毫米,不分枝,被白色绵毛,有较疏离的叶;不育茎短,先端具莲座状叶;匍枝长达30厘米,粗1-1.5毫米,被绵毛或蛛丝状毛,疏生叶,顶端叶密聚或有时具伞房花序。花茎的叶倒卵形、倒披针形、长圆状披针形或狭披针形,长2-7厘米,宽0.5-2厘米,先端圆或急尖,具短尖头,基部渐狭,边缘全缘,表面被白色蛛丝状毛和具柄腺毛,背面被白色绵毛和隐藏在绵毛下的具柄腺毛,离基3出脉或1脉在两面稍凸起,下部叶具长达3厘米的柄,中部以上叶无柄微抱茎;不育枝先端的莲座状叶常较大,具柄;匍枝的叶较小和疏离,其他同花茎的叶。头状花序1-6个或较多数,于茎顶排成疏伞房状花序;花序梗长0.5-2.5厘米;总苞近球形,长8-12毫米,径15-20毫米;总苞片8-9层,外层卵状披针形,长3.5-5毫米,先端钝,淡褐色,中层披针形,长7-10毫米,先端钝或急尖,白色,基部褐色,内层线状披针形,长5-8毫米,先端急尖,色同中层。雌株的头状花序外围有多层雌花,中央有3-6朵雄花;雄株的头状花序全部为雄花或稀外围有少数雌花。雌花花冠细管状,长3.5-4毫米,花柱稍伸出;雄花花冠管状,黄色,长3-3.5毫米,冠檐狭钟形,先端5裂,冠管细,与冠檐近等长。瘦果圆柱形,长约1毫米,被微毛;冠毛白色,与花冠近等长,雌花的冠毛丝状,雄花的冠毛上部稍增粗。花果期6-10月。
产于德钦、贡山、中甸、维西、福贡、兰坪、丽江、鹤庆、洱源、大理、漾濞、大姚、禄劝、东川、会泽、巧家和镇康等地;生于海拔2500-4400米的林下、灌丛草地、山坡草地或荒地石隙。陕西南部、甘肃南部和西南部、四川西部、西藏南部有分布。印度北部、不丹、锡金和尼泊尔也有。模式标本采自巧家。
全草药用,清凉解毒、止咳平喘,治感冒、咳嗽、气管炎、风湿腿痛、高血压。
数据来源 中国植物物种信息数据库
《Flora of China》|| Asteraceae || Anaphalis ||尼泊尔香青 Anaphalis nepalensis
51. Anaphalis nepalensis (Sprengel) Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 1099. 1936.
尼泊尔香青 ni bo er xiang qing
Herbs, perennial. Rhizome slender or slightly robust, runners ca. 20 cm, rarely ca. 40 cm; leaves of runner obovate or spatulate, 1-2 cm, with terminal rosette leaves. Stems erect or ascending, 4-45 cm (or plants acaulescent), white tomentose, densely or sparsely leafy. Lower leaves persistent during efflorescence, rarely withered, homomorphic with rosette leaves, spatulate, oblanceolate, or oblong-oblanceolate, 1-7 × 0.5-2 cm or larger, base attenuate, margin flat, apex rounded or acute; middle leaves oblong or oblanceolate, often rather narrow, base amplexicaul, sessile, apex obtuse or acute, with acerose cusp; upper leaves attenuate; or short stems without middle and upper leaves; all leaves white tomentose or cauliferous glandular pilose on both surfaces or abaxially, (1 or)3-veined. Capitula solitary or few, rarely numerous, sparsely corymbiform; peduncle 0.5-2.5 cm. Involucre somewhat spherical, 8-12 × 15-20 mm, exceeding disk; phyllaries 8- or 9-seriate, radiate in efflorescence; outer phyllaries puce except at apex, oval or lanceolate, 3-3.5 mm; middle ones white, lanceolate, 7-10 × 2.5-3 mm, acute at apex; innermost ones linear-lanceolate, 5-8 mm, with a claw ca. 1/3 of full length. Receptacle lacunose. Predominantly female capitula with numerous marginal female florets, center with 3-6 male florets; predominantly male capitula with male florets only, or 1-3 female florets outside. Corolla of male florets ca. 3 mm, ca. 4 mm in female florets. Pappus ca. 4 mm, incrassate at tip of apex in male florets, serrulate. Achenes terete, ca. 1 mm, hirsutulous. Fl. Jun-Sep, fr. Aug-Oct.
Alpine or subalpine grasslands, conifer forests, forest margins, scrub, valleys, riverbanks, river sands, rocks, rock crevices, among lichens on slopes; 2400-4500 m. Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, ?Myanmar, Nepal].
数据来源 eFloras.org