《中国植物志》|| 买麻藤科 GNETACEAE ||无柄亚组 Subsect. Sessiles Markgr. ||小叶买麻藤 Gnetum parvifolium (Warb.) W. C. Cheng

4. 小叶买麻藤（植物分类学报）图版117
Gnetum parvifolium (Warb.) C. Y. Cheng ex Chun,植物分类学报9: 386. 1964, 一部分, 海南植物志1: 221. 1964, 一部分, 不包括图.——Gnetum scandens auct. non Roxb. : Benth. Fl. Hongkong. 336. 1861; Dunn et Tutch. in Kew Bull. 1912: 255. 1912.——Gnetum scandens Roxb. var. parvifolium Warb. Monsunia 1: 196. 1900. ——Gnetum montanum Markgr. f. parvifolium (Warb. ) Markgr. in Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. ser. 3. 10 (4): 468. t. 8. f. 3. 1930.——Gnetum indicum auct. non Merr.: Merr. in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 6 (2): 22. 1927; 侯宽昭等, 广州植物志 78. 图19. 1956, 一部分。
缠绕藤本，高4-12米，常较细弱；茎枝圆形，皮土棕色或灰褐色，皮孔常较明显。叶椭圆形、窄长椭圆形或长倒卵形，革质，长4-10厘米，宽2.5厘米，先端急尖或渐尖而钝，稀钝圆，基部宽楔形或微圆，侧脉细，一般在叶面不甚明显, 在叶背隆起，长短不等，不达叶缘即弯曲前伸，小脉在叶背形成明显细网，网眼间常呈极细的皱突状，叶柄较细短，长5-8（-10）毫米。雄球花序不分枝或一次分枝，分枝三出或成两对，总梗细弱，长5-15毫米，雄球花穗长1.2-2厘米，径2-3.5毫米，具5-10轮环状总苞，每轮总苞内具雄花40-70，雄花基部有不显著的棕色短毛，假花被略成四棱状盾形，基部细长，花丝完全合生，稍伸出假花被，花药2,合生，仅先端稍分离，花穗上端有不育雌花10-12，扁宽三角形；雌球花序多生于老枝上，一次三出分枝，总梗长1.5-2厘米，雌球花穗细长，每轮总苞内有雌花5-8,雌花基部有不甚明显的棕色短毛，珠被管短，先端深裂。雌球花序成熟时长10-15厘米，轴较细，径2-3毫米；成熟种子假种皮红色，长椭圆形或窄矩圆状倒卵圆形，长1.5-2厘米，径约1厘米，先端常有小尖头，种脐近圆形，径约2毫米，干后种子表面常有细纵皱纹，无种柄或近无柄。
产于福建、广东、广西及湖南等省区。以福建和广东最为常见，北界约在北纬26.6度之处（福建南平），为现知买麻藤属分布的最北界线。生于海拔较低的干燥平地或湿润谷地的森林中，缠绕在大树上。模式标本采自福建。
广东常用皮部纤维作编制绳索的原料，其质地坚韧，性能良好。种子炒后可食，亦可榨油供食用。
1900年O. Warburg将此种定名为G. scandens的变种"var. parvifolium" 。1930 年F. Markgraf又将它改为买麻藤G. montanum的变型，并指出种子几无柄。但同时又指出O. Warburg在香港采的15466号标本种子无柄，应是G. gnemon Linn.。按我国东南所产的小叶买麻藤种子都是无柄或仅基部稍窄缩呈近无柄状，应该是属于无柄亚组的种类，而且种子也多较窄长，与买麻藤的矩圆形有短柄种子是显然不同的。此外香港也并无G. gnemon Linn.的分布。所以"var. parvifolium"应该以独立种处理才较合理。F. Markgraf又于1930年根据越南最北部地区标本发表一新种——Gnetum formosum Markgr. (见Bull. Nat. Hist. Paris ser. mus. II, 2. 2 (2): 686. 1930) . J. Leandri将它载入Fl. Gen. Indo-chine中 (见5: 1061. f. 121. 1-2. 1931) , 并附有插图。从F. Markgraf的原记载及J. Leandri的附图观察，该种与小叶买麻藤G. parvifolium (Warb.) C. Y. Cheng ex Chum相似，惟种子较大，细长成梭状，叶较窄长。在我国广西曾采到类似G. formosum Markgr.的窄叶型标本，但成熟的种子则与小叶买麻藤相同。而广东、福建所采的幼果标本 (8月采）则与J. Leandri的图中种子一致。从形态及地理分布的连续上看，G. formosum Markgr.和小叶买麻藤应是关系密切的种类或为同种。因未见模式标本及越南北部的标本，究竟二者关系如何，尚待进一步研究。

《Flora of China》|| Gnetaceae || Gnetum ||小叶买麻藤 Gnetum parvifolium

5. Gnetum parvifolium (Warburg) W. C. Cheng, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 9: 386. 1964.

小叶买麻藤 xiao ye mai ma teng

Gnetum scandens Roxburgh var. parvifolium Warburg, Monsunia 1: 196. 1900; Gnetum indicum (Loureiro) Merrill f. parvifolium (Warburg) Masamune; G. montanum Markgraf f. parvifolium (Warburg) Markgraf.

Vines to 12 m, usually thin and weak; bark pale or grayish brown, lenticels usually relatively conspicuous. Petiole 5-8 (-10) mm; leaf blade elliptic to narrowly so, or obovate, 2.5-10(-13) × 1.5-5 cm, leathery, lateral veins 5-8(-11) on each side, base cuneate to subrounded, apex acute or attenuate, sometimes obtuse. Male inflorescences simple or once branched, branches ternate or in 2 pairs; peduncle slender, 0.5-1.5 cm; male spikes 0.8-1.2(-1.5) cm × 2-3 mm, involucral collars 5-10(-12), each collar with 40-70 flowers plus 10-12 sterile female flowers, basal hairs few, brown, short. Female inflorescences usually borne on old branches, once branched, rarely simple, 10-15 cm in fruit, axis 2-3 mm thick; peduncle 1.5-2 cm; female spikes with involucral collars 6-9 mm apart, nodes each with 5-8 female flowers, basal hairs brown, short. Seeds sessile or nearly so, red, elongate ellipsoid or fusiform to narrowly oblong-obovoid, (1.3-)1.6-2.2 cm × (4-)5-8(-10) mm, 2-3.2 × as long as wide, apex usually with a small, pointed head, outer coat thin, longitudinally striate when dried. Pollination Apr-Jul, seed maturity Jul-Nov.

Forests; 100-1000 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi [Laos, Vietnam]

Female material from Hainan has been named as Gnetum formosum Markgraf (which is known with certainty only from Vietnam). However, it does not differ significantly from plants of G. parvifolium occurring elsewhere in China. Vietnamese material of G. formosum, including the type of that name, seems to differ from G. parvifolium in its larger leaves, longer male spikes, and even more slender fruits, ca. 3 × as long as wide.

The fibers from the bark are used in Guangdong to make ropes; the seeds yield edible oil and are eaten fried.