《中国植物志》|| 浮萍科 LEMNACEAE ||浮萍属 Lemna L. ||浮萍 Lemna minor L.

2.浮萍（本草纲目）青萍（天津、湖南、江西、广西），田萍（天津、福建），浮萍草（天津、江西），水浮萍、水萍草（江西）图版42：3
Lemna minor L., Sp. Pl. 970. 1753; Hook. f. , Fl. Brit. Ind. 6: 556. 1893; C. H. Wright in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 188. 1903; O. И. Кyэeнeвa вB. K. IIIИIIIКИн ФЛ CCCP 3: 491. 1935; Hand. -Mazt. , Symb. Sin. 7: 1197. 1942; 裴鉴, 单人骅, 华东水生维管束植物: 33, 图40: A-B. 1952; 刘慎谔, 东北植物检索表: 558, 图版210: 图5. 1959;秦岭植物志1 (1): 290. 1976.
飘浮植物。叶状体对称，表面绿色，背面浅黄色或绿白色或常为紫色，近圆形，倒卵形或倒卵状椭圆形，全缘，长1.5-5毫米，宽2-3毫米，上面稍凸起或沿中线隆起，脉3，不明显，背面垂生丝状根1条，根白色，长3-4厘米，根冠钝头，根鞘无翅。叶状体背面一侧具囊，新叶状体于囊内形成浮出，以极短的细柄与母体相连，随后脱落。雌花具弯生胚珠1枚，果实无翅，近陀螺状，种子具凸出的胚乳并具12-15条纵肋。
产南北各省，生于水田、池沼或其它静水水域，常与紫萍，Spirodela polyrrhiza混生，形成密布水面的飘浮群落，由于本种繁殖快，有如李时珍所云：“一叶经宿即生数叶”，通常在群落中占绝对优势。全球温暖地区广布，但不见于印度尼西亚爪哇。
为良好的猪饲料、鸭饲料；也是草鱼的饵料。入药能发汗、利水、消肿毒；治风湿脚气、风疹热毒、衄血、水肿、小便不利、斑疹不透、感冒发热无汗。

《云南植物志》|| 浮萍科 Lemnaceae nom. conserv. ||浮萍属 Lemna L. ||浮萍 Lemna minor L.

2．浮萍（本草纲目）图版217，3
青萍（各地）
Lemna minor L. (1753); Hook. f. (1893); C. H. Wright (1903), Kuzen. in Schisch. (1935); Hand.-Mazz. (1936); 裴鉴, 单人骅 (1952)*; 刘慎谔等 (1959)*; 秦岭植物志 (1976); 图鉴 (1976)*; 海南植物志 (1977); 中国植物志 (1979)*.
漂浮植物。叶状体对称，上面绿色，背面浅黄色、绿白色，或常为紫色，近圆形，倒卵形，倒卵状椭圆形，全缘，长1.5—5毫米，宽2—3毫米，上面稍凸起或沿中线隆起，脉3，不明显，背面垂生丝状根1条，根白色，长3—4厘米，根冠钝头，根鞘无翅。叶状体背面一侧具囊，幼叶状体于囊内形成浮出，以极短的细柄与母体相连，随后脱落。雌花具弯生胚珠1枚。果实无翅，近陀螺状；种子具12—15条纵肋。
产云南省各地，生于水田、池沼或其他静水水域；我国南北各省都有，但不见于台湾。全球温带地区和热带地区广布，但不见于马来西亚和日本。
全草为猪、鸭饲料，也是草鱼的鱼饵；入药能发汗、利水、消肿毒；治风湿脚气、风疹热毒、衂血、水肿、小便不利、斑疹无透，感冒发热无汗。

《Flora of North America》|| Lemnaceae || Lemna || Lemna minor

3. Lemna minor Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 970. 1753.

Lenticule mineure

Roots to 15 cm, tip mostly rounded; sheath not winged. Stipes white, small, often decaying. Fronds floating, 1 or 2--5 or more, coherent in groups, ovate, scarcely gibbous, flat, 1--8 mm, 1.3--2 times as long as wide, margins entire; veins 3(--5) (if more than 3, outer ones branching from inner ones), greatest distance between lateral veins near or proximal to middle; papillae not always distinct (one near apex usually larger); lower surface very seldom slightly reddish (much less than on upper), coloring beginning from attachment point of root, upper surface occasionally diffusely reddish; air spaces 0.3 mm or shorter; distinct turions absent. Flowers: ovaries 1-ovulate, utricular scale with narrow opening at apex. Fruits 0.8--1 mm, laterally winged toward apex. Seeds with 8--15 distinct ribs, staying within fruit wall after ripening. 2n = 40, 42 (B), 50, 63, 126.

Flowering (rare) late spring--early fall. Mesotrophic to --eutrophic, quiet waters, in suboceanic, cool-temperate regions with relatively mild winters; 0--2000 m; St. Pierre and Miquelon; B.C., Ont., Que., Sask.; Ala., Ariz., Ark., Calif., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mo., Mont., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., N.C., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.Dak., Tenn., Utah, Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis.; w Eurasia; Africa; Atlantic Islands; Australia (introduced), Australia; introduced, New Zealand (introduced).

Indication of this species in Newfoundland (H. J. Scoggan 1978--1979) probably refers to Lemna turionifera.

A specimen in the Gray Herbarium from St. Pierre and Miquelon may represent Lemna minor or L. turionifera; its determination is questionable.

《Flora of China》|| Lemnaceae || Lemna ||浮萍 Lemna minor

4. Lemna minor Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 970. 1753.

浮萍 fu ping

Fronds free floating on water surface, 1-8 coherent in one small group, without green stalk at base (but with a thin white stipe connecting fronds), shiny green, sometimes reddish on upper surface, scarcely reddish on lower surface (always deeper red on upper surface than on lower), obovate to elliptic, 2-6(-10) mm, 1.3-2 × as long as wide, flat, with mostly distinct papillae on upper surface near apex and above node, margin entire, base rounded; veins 3(-5), nearly reaching apex, greatest distance between lateral veins near or proximal to middle. Root 0.5-15 cm, sheath not winged, apex mostly rounded. Turions absent. Ovary with 1 ovule; utricular scale with narrow opening at apex. Fruit winged laterally toward apex. Seed with 10-16 distinct ribs. Fl. (rare) May-Sep. 2n = 20, 40, 42, 50, 63, 126.

Lakesides, pools, ponds, ditches, slow-flowing streams; in regions with suboceanic cool- to moderately temperate climate; (sea level to) 2000-3000 m. W Xizang [Afghanistan, N India, Kazakhstan, Nepal, N Pakistan, W Russia, Turkmenistan; Africa, SW Asia, Europe, North America; introduced in Australia, Japan, and Pacific islands (New Zealand)].