《中国植物志》|| 紫草科 BORAGINACEAE ||紫草属 Lithospermum L. ||小花紫草 Lithospermum officinale L.

2．小花紫草 珍珠透骨草（新疆）图版4：1-5
Lithospermum officinale L. Sp. Pl. 132. 1753; Boiss. Fl. Orient. 4: 218. 1875; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 175. 1883; Johnst. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 33: 342. 1952; M. Pop. in Fl. URSS 19: 162. 1953; Kazmi in Journ. Arn. Arb. 52: 356. 1971; Riedl in Reching. Fl. Iranica 48: 149. 1967; 朱格麟, 植物分类学报20: 3. 324. 1982.
多年生草本，根在幼嫩时稍含紫色物质。茎通常单一，直立，高可达1米，有短糙伏毛，上部通常多分枝，枝斜伸，无明显的弯曲。叶无柄，披针形至卵状披针形，长3-8厘米，宽5-15毫米，先端短渐尖，基部楔形或渐狭，两面均有糙伏毛，脉在叶下面凸起，沿脉有较密的糙伏毛。花序生茎和枝上部，果期长可达15厘米，苞片与叶同形而较小；花萼裂片线形，长约5毫米，果期可达7毫米，背面有短糙伏毛；花冠白色或淡黄绿色，长4-6毫米，筒部比檐部长1倍，檐部裂片长圆状卵形，直立，长约1.5毫米，边缘波状，喉部具5个附属物，附属物短梯形，长约0.4毫米，密生短毛；雄蕊着生花冠筒中部，花丝长约0.4毫米，花药长约1.2毫米；花柱长约2毫米，柱头头状。小坚果乳白色或带黄褐色，卵球形，长约3毫米，平滑，有光泽，腹面中线凹陷成纵沟。花果期6-8月。
产新疆北部、甘肃中部、宁夏及内蒙古。生于山坡草地、林缘等处。亚洲西部至欧洲也有分布。
新疆民间用全草煎水外洗，能治疗关节炎。

《Flora of China》|| Boraginaceae || Lithospermum ||小花紫草 Lithospermum officinale

2. Lithospermum officinale Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 132. 1753.

小花紫草 xiao hua zi cao

Herbs perennial; most parts short strigose. Roots containing little purple dye when young. Stems usually single, erect, to 1 m tall, frequently much branched at apex. Leaves sessile, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 3-8 × 0.5-1.5 cm, base cuneate to attenuate, apex short acuminate; veins prominent abaxially, more densely strigose along veins. Inflorescences on upper stems and branches, to 15 cm in fruit; bracts similar to leaves but smaller. Calyx lobes linear, ca. 5-7 mm in fruit. Corolla white or pale yellow, 4-6 mm; tube ca. 2 × as long as limb; throat with 5 trapeziform, densely short pubescent appendages ca. 0.4 mm; lobes of limb erect, oblong-ovate, ca. 1.5 mm, margin undulate. Stamens inserted at middle of corolla tube; filaments ca. 0.4 mm; anthers ca. 1.2 mm. Stigma capitate. Nutlets white or yellowish brown, ovoid, ca. 3 mm, smooth, shiny, concave adaxially with center line forming a longitudinal groove. Fl. and fr. Jun-Aug. 2n = 28, 56.

Meadows on slopes, forest margins. C Gansu, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, N Xinjiang [Afghanistan, Bhutan, N India, Nepal, Russia; Europe, SW and W Asia].