《中国植物志》|| 大戟科 EUPHORBIACEAE ||瘤果组 Sect. 9. Tulocarpa (Raf.) Prokh. ||甘青大戟 Euphorbia micractina Boiss.

58.甘青大戟（秦岭植物志）疣果大戟（西藏植物志）图版32: 1-3
Euphorbia micractina Boiss. in DC. Prod, 15 (2): 127. 1862; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 261. 1887; Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7 (2): 231, 1931, excl. syn. E. shetoensis; 秦岭植物志1 (3): 159-1981; 西藏植物志3: 84.图35: 1-2.1986; A. Radcliffe——Smith in Nasir & Ali, Fl. Pakist. 172: 138. fig.; 8: E——G. 1986; W. T. Wang in Acta Bot. Yunnan. 10 (1): 41. 1988, excl. syn.; J. S. Ma & C. Y. WuinCollect. Bot. 21: 113. 1992, et in Acts. Bot. Yunnan. 14 (4): 367. 1993; 横断山维管植物1: 1063, 1993.——E. tarzgutica Prokh. in Izv. Akad. Nauk. SSSR 1927: 208. 1927. ——E. micractina Boiss. var. tangutica (Prokh.) W. T. Wang in Acta Bot. Yunnan. 10 (1): 41. 1988横断山维管植物1: 1063, 1993.——E. lucorum Rupr. var. parvijolia H. L. Yang in宁夏植物志1: 428 et 475.图417.1986.——E. villifera W. T. Wang in Acta Bot. Yunnan. 10 (1): 42. f. 1: 3-4. 1988 non Scheele 1879. ——E. wangii Oudejians in Phytologia 67 (1): 49. 1989. ——E. altaica auct. non Meyer: Fort.＆ Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 411. 1891; Levl. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2, 6: 761. 1906.
多年生草本。根圆柱状，长10-12厘米，直径6-9毫米。 茎自基部3-4分枝，每个分枝向上不再分枝，高20-50厘米，直径3-6毫米。叶互生，长椭圆形至卵状长椭圆形，长1-3厘米，宽5-7毫米，先端钝，中部以下略宽或渐狭，变异较大，基部楔形或近楔形，两面无毛，全缘；侧脉羽状，不明显至清晰可见；总苞叶5-8枚，与茎生叶同形；伞幅5-8，长2-4厘米；苞叶常3枚，卵圆形，长约6毫米，宽4-5毫米，先端圆，基部渐狭。花序单生于二歧分枝顶端，基部近无柄；总苞杯状，高约2毫米，直径约1.5毫米，边缘4裂，裂片三角形或近舌状三角形；腺体4，半圆形，淡黄褐色。雄花多枚，伸出总苞；雌花1枚，明显伸出总苞之外；子房被稀疏的刺状或瘤状突起，变异幅度较大；花柱3，基部合生；柱头微2裂。蒴果球状，长与直径均约3.5毫米，果脊上被稀疏的刺状或瘤状突起；花柱宿存，成熟时分裂为3个分果爿。种子卵状，长约2毫米，宽约1.5毫米，灰褐色，腹面具淡白色条纹；种阜盾状，具极短的柄。花果期6-7月。
产于河南（西北部）、四川、山西、陕西、甘肃、宁夏、青海、新疆（东部）和西藏。 生于海拔1 500-2 700米的山坡、草甸、林缘及沙石砾地区。分布于克什米尔、巴基斯 坦和喜马拉雅。模式标本采自喜马拉雅。
本种是我国西半部果具瘤的广布种类之一，变异幅度较大；但其稳定的特征是总苞 叶和伞幅均为5-8，且种子小，灰褐色，盾状种阜基部具极短的柄易与其它种类区别。

《Flora of China》|| Euphorbiaceae || Euphorbia ||甘青大戟 Euphorbia micractina

59. Euphorbia micractina Boissier in A. Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 127. 1862.

甘青大戟 gan qing da ji

Euphorbia lancasteriana Radcliffe-Smith; E. lucorum Ruprecht var. parvifolia H. L. Yang; E. tangutica Prokhanov; E. villifera W. T. Wang (1988), not Scheele (1849); E. wangii Oudejans.

Herbs, perennial, 20-50 cm tall. Rootstock tuberous or rhizomatous, 10-12 cm, tubers 6-12 mm thick, rhizomes 2-3 mm thick, remains of old stems inconspicuous. Stems in groups up to 4, 1-6 mm thick, more slender below ground, upper parts usually unbranched, often with very slender lateral branches, drying yellowish or purplish, glabrous. Leaves alternate; stipules absent; basal scale-leaves oblong; petiole absent or nearly so; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to ovate-elliptic, 1-3 × 0.5-0.7 cm, both surfaces glabrous, base cuneate or subcuneate, very variable, sometimes almost amplexicaul on lowermost leaves, margin entire, apex obtuse; midrib prominent abaxially, grooved adaxially, lateral veins inconspicuous or invisible. Inflorescence a terminal pseudumbel, usually also with slender, long-pedunculate dichasial cymes from subterminal axils; primary involucral leaves 5-8, similar to normal leaves, margin entire, base ± rounded, apex rounded or cuspidate, primary rays 5-8, 0.5-4 cm; cyathophylls 2 or 3, ovate-rounded, ca. 6 × 4-5 mm, base cuneate, apex rounded. Cyathium subsessile; involucre cup-shaped, ca. 2 × 1.5 mm, glabrous, lobes triangular or linear-triangular, glabrous or sparsely pilose; glands 4, pale yellow-brown, rounded to transversely elliptic, entire. Pilose bracteoles sometimes present. Male flowers many, exserted from involucre. Female flower: ovary exserted from cup, densely tuberculate, glabrous; styles connate for less than 1/4 length, persistent, style arms shortly 2-lobed; style arms slightly enlarged. Capsule globose, ca. 3.5 × 3.5 mm, exserted from involucre, sparsely softly spiny or tuberculate along angles, very variable. Seeds broadly ovoid, ca. 2 × 1.5 mm, gray-brown, smooth, adaxially white striate; caruncle present, peltate, very shortly stipitate. Fl. and fr. Jun-Jul.

Mountain slopes, meadows, sparse forest margins, shaded rock clefts on vertical moist walls of narrow gorges, on sandstone or limestone; 900-2700 m. Gansu, NW Henan, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, E Xinjiang, Xizang [Kashmir, Korea, Pakistan, Russia (Far East)].

Euphorbia micractina varies very much in W China. However, its 5-8 involucral leaves and rays, and small gray-brown seeds, with a very shortly stipitate caruncle, easily separate it from otherwise similar species. Euphorbia lancasteriana was based on plants with pendent stems growing in a narrow, shaded gorge. Similar pendent stems have been seen scattered in other areas and are best regarded as just an ecotype.