KINGDOM:Plantae || PHYLUM:Tracheophyta || CLASS:Liliopsida || ORDER:Asparagales || FAMILY:百合科 Asparagaceae || GENUS: 知母属 Anemarrhena
《中国植物志》|| 百合科 LILIACEAE ||知母属 Anemarrhena Bunge ||知母 Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge
1. 知母 兔子油草(辽宁),穿地龙(山东)图版9: 1-3
Anermarrhena asphodeloides Bunge in Mem. Acad. Sci. Petersb. Sav. Etrang. 2: 140. 1831.
根状茎粗0.5-1.5厘米,为残存的叶鞘所覆盖。叶长15-60厘米,宽1.5-11毫米,向先端渐尖而成近丝状,基部渐宽而成鞘状,具多条平行脉,没有明显的中脉。花葶比叶长得多;总状花序通常较长,可达20-50厘米;苞片小,卵形或卵圆形,先端长渐尖;花粉红色、淡紫色至白色;花被片条形,长5-10毫米,中央具3脉,宿存。蒴果狭椭圆形,长8-13毫米,宽5-6产毫米,顶端有短喙。种子长7-10毫米。花果期6-9月。
产河北、山西、山东(山东半岛)、陕西(北部)、甘肃(东部)、内蒙古(南部)、辽宁(西南部)、吉林(西部)和黑龙江(南部)。生于海拔1450米以下的山坡、草地或路旁较干燥或向阳的地方。也分布于朝鲜。此外湖北荆州地区有一份标本,尚待研究。
本种干燥根状茎为著名中药,性苦寒,有滋阴降火、润燥滑肠、利大小便之效。有“毛知母”与“知母肉”之分。最主要产区在河北。
| Chinese name | Vernacular name | Plant | Ethnic group | Use | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 知母 | Mose mvan | 知母 Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge. | Jingpo medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《德宏药录》 |
| 知母 | 阿更带 | 知母 Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge. | De'ang medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《德宏药录》 |
| 知母 | 陶来音一芒给日 | 知母 Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge. | Mongolian medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《蒙药》 |
| 知母 | 知母 Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge. | Mongolian medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《蒙植药志》 | |
| 知母 | 知母 | 知母 Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. | Medicinal | 中国药典2020 | |
| 知母 | 知母 | 知母 Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge | Medicinal | 中华本草 |
| 白虎加人参汤 | 麻黄升麻汤 | 麻黄升麻汤 | 生地黄汤 | 酸枣汤 | 百合知母汤 |
| 桂枝芍药知母汤 | 柴胡引子 | 引子方 | 白虎加桂枝汤 | 乌梅丸 | 白虎加人参汤——清热益气,生津降糖 |
| 小柴胡汤 | 栝楼散 | 紫菀散 | 鳖甲散 | 天灵盖散 | 柴胡散 |
| 人参散 | 栝楼根散 | 天灵盖饮子 | 茯神丸 | 葛根散 | 柴胡散 |
| 乌梅丸 | 升麻丸 | 半夏散 | 赤芍药散 | 鳖甲散 | 升麻散 |
| Plant name | Local name | Family | Life form | Part used | Folk use | Voucher | Locality | Ethnic group | Region |
|---|
| Title | Authors | Journal | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Foliar Nutrient Content Mediates Grazing Effects on Species Dominance and Plant Community Biomass | Liang, Maowei; Gornish, Elise S.; Mariotte, Pierre; Chen, Jiquan; Liang, Cunzhu | RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT | NOV 2019 |
| The planting of three species of medicinal herbs in soil containing building materials | Wang Guixia; An Guangyi; Lu Guiqiao | Pratacultural Science | 2004 |
| Antifungal activities of the extracts from25 traditional Chinese medicines against 5 plant pathogenic fungi | Niu Shanguang; Du Fengyu | Plant Protection | 2015 |
| Molecular identification of oriental medicinal plant Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge (''Jimo'') by multiplex PCR | Jigden, Baigalmaa; Wang, Hongtao; Samdan, Narantuya; Yang, Deok-Chun | MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS | FEB 2010 |
| First report of Botrytis cinerea on Anemarrhena asphodeloides and Aster tataricus | Wang, Yan; Jin, Ling; Zhu, Tiantian; Zeng, Cuiyun | JOURNAL OF PLANT DISEASES AND PROTECTION | JUN 2017 |
| Protective effects of Zhibai Dihuang Wan on renal tubular cells affected with gentamicin-induced apoptosis | Hsu, Yung-Ho; Chen, Tso-Hsiao; Wu, Mei-Yi; Lin, Yuh-Feng; Chen, Wen-Liang; Cheng, Tzu-Hurng; Chen, Cheng-Hsien | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JAN 10 2014 |
| DPPH-HPLC-MS assisted rapid identification of endothelial protective substances from Xiao-Ke-An | Yang, Zhenzhong; Li, Zhenhao; Li, Zheng | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JAN 30 2018 |
| The analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect of WIN-34B, a new herbal formula for osteoarthritis composed of Lonicera japonica Thunb and Anemarrhena asphodeloides BUNGE in vivo | Kang, Moonkyu; Jung, Inho; Hur, Jonghyun; Kim, Soon Han; Lee, Jeong Hun; Kang, Ji-Yun; Jung, Kyoung Chul; Kim, Kyoung Soo; Yoo, Myung Chul; Park, Dong-Suk; Lee, Jae-Dong; Cho, Yong-Baik | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | SEP 15 2010 |
| Physicochemical properties and laxative effects of polysaccharides from Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. in loperamide-induced rats | Li, Xiaomao; Liu, Yan; Guan, Wei; Xia, Yonggang; Zhou, Yuanyuan; Yang, Bingyou; Kuang, Haixue | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | AUG 10 2019 |
| Coordinate regulatory osteogenesis effects of icariin, timosaponin B II and ferulic acid from traditional Chinese medicine formulas on UMR-106 osteoblastic cells and osteoblasts in neonatal rat calvaria cultures | Li, Mei; Zhang, Nai-Dan; Wang, Yin; Han, Ting; Jiang, Yi-Ping; Rahman, Khalid; Qin, Lu-Ping; Xin, Hai-Liang; Zhang, Qiao-Yan | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JUN 5 2016 |
| The genus Anemarrhena Bunge: A review on ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology | Wang, Yingli; Dan, Yang; Yang, Dawei; Hu, Yuli; Zhang, Le; Zhang, Chunhong; Zhu, Hong; Cui, Zhanhu; Li, Minhui; Liu, Yanze | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | APR 11 2014 |
| Fungal diversity in rhizosphere soil of medicinal plants in Heilongjiang Province | Mu Dongyan; Lu Guozhong; Sun Xiaodong; Wang Na; Zhao Zhihui | Acta Ecologica Sinica | 2013 |
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