《中国植物志》|| 伞形科 UMBELLIFERAE ||水芹属 Oenanthe L. ||水芹 Oenanthe javanica (Bl.) DC.

3．水芹（本草经）水芹菜（通称），野芹菜（东北）图版81：1-4
Oenanthe javanica (Bl.) DC. Prodr. 4: 138. 1830; Hiroe et Constance in Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 62. f. 32. 1958; Kitagawa in Bull. Nat. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 5 (1): 24. 1960; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 1081. 图3891. 1972; 东北草本植物志; 6: 226. 1977; P. K. Mukherjee in Act. 2nd. Symp. Intern. Umbell. 59. 1977 Cannon in Hara et Williams, Enum. Flow. Pl. Nepal 2: 187. 1979.——Phellandricm stoloniferum Roxb. Hort. Beng. 21. 1814. nom. nud.——Sium javanicum Blume Birdt. Fl. Ned. Ind. 5: 881. 1826. ——Dasyloma subbipinntatum Miq. Ann. Mus. Lugd-Bat. 3: 59. 1867.——Oenanthe decumbeens K. -Pol. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. n. s. 29: 130. 1915; Schischk. in Komorov, Fl. URSS 16: 536. 1950. ——Oenanthe stolonifera (Roxb.) DC. Prodr. 4: 138. 1830; Shan in Sinensia 12: 165. 1941; 江苏南部种子植物手册 552. 1959. ——Oenanthe javanica (Bl.) DC. subsp. stolonifera (Wall. ex DC.) Murata in Acta Phyt. Geobot. 25: 105. t. 2. f. 3. 1973.
多年生草本，高15-80厘米，茎直立或基部匍匐。基生叶有柄，柄长达10厘米，基部有叶鞘；叶片轮廓三角形，1-2回羽状分裂，末回裂片卵形至菱状披针形，长2-5厘米，宽1-2厘米，边缘有牙齿或圆齿状锯齿；茎上部叶无柄，裂片和基生叶的裂片相似，较小。复伞形花序顶生，花序梗长2-16厘米；无总苞；伞辐6-16，不等长，长1-3厘米，直立和展开；小总苞片2-8，线形，长约2-4毫米；小伞形花序有花20余朵，花柄长2-4毫米；萼齿线状披针形，长与花柱基相等；花瓣白色，倒卵形，长1毫米，宽0.7毫米，有一长而内折的小舌片；花柱基圆锥形，花柱直立或两侧分开，长2毫米。果实近于四角状椭圆形或筒状长圆形，长2.5-3毫米，宽2毫米，侧棱较背棱和中棱隆起，木栓质，分生果横剖面近于五边状的半圆形；每棱槽内油管1，合生面油管2。花期6-7月，果期8-9月。
产我国各地。多生于浅水低洼地方或池沼、水沟旁。农舍附近常见栽培。分布于印度、缅甸、越南、马来西亚、印度尼西亚的爪哇及菲律宾等地。
茎叶可作蔬菜食用；全草民间也作药用，有降低血压的功效。

《云南植物志》|| 伞形科 Umbelliferae, nom. fam. conserv. ||水芹属 Oenanthe L. ||水芹 Oenanthe javanica (Bl.) DC.

1.水芹（本草经）图版170，1—5
Oenanthe javanica (Bl.) DC. (1830); Hiroe (1979), (1958); Nasir (1972); "图鉴" (1972)*; 海南植物志 (1974)*; Cannon in Hara et Williams (1979); 秦岭植物志 (1981)*; 江苏植物志 (1982)*; 云南种子植物名录 (1984); 中国植物志 (1985)*; 西藏植物志 (1886); 贵州植物志 (1989)*; 横断山区维管植物 (1993); H. Koba et al. (1994).
Phellandrium stoloniferum Roxb. (1814), nom. nud.; Sium javanicum Bl. (1826); Oenanthe stolonifera Wall. (1829), nom. nud.; Roxb. ex DC. (1830), descr.; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. (1879); de Boiss. (1903); Diels (1912); Chermezon in Lecomte (1923); Hand.-Mazz. (1933); Shan (1941).
二年生至多年生草本，高30—80厘米。茎匍匐上升或直立，中、上部具分枝。叶片轮廓三角形至卵状三角形，长5—8厘米，1—2回羽状分裂或近二回三出式羽状分裂；末回裂片卵形或菱状披针形，长1.5—3厘米，宽1—2厘米，边缘锯齿较圆钝；基生叶与茎下部叶柄长3—7厘米，基部具膜质鞘；茎上部叶与基生叶同型，较小，近无柄。复伞形花序直径3—4.5厘米；花序梗长3—15厘米；总苞片无或偶有1，披针形，有时边缘膜质；伞辐6—15，开展，长1.5—3厘米；小总苞片4—6，长2—4毫米；小伞形花序有花20—30朵；萼齿披针形；花瓣白色，长约1.4毫米，宽约0.8毫米；花柱叉开，长于花瓣。成熟果实呈麦杆黄色，椭圆形或矩圆形，长2.5—3毫米，宽2毫米，中、背棱稍木栓质，圆钝，侧棱木栓质，圆钝而隆起，比中、背棱宽约2倍。两个分生果的合生面相紧贴，不易分离。花、果期6—10月。
产昭通、大关、鹤庆、洱源、大理、维西、碧江、贡山、昆明、富民、西双版纳、西畴、文山、麻栗坡等地，生于海拔（880—）1000—2800（—3600）米的沼泽、潮湿低洼处及河沟边；全国大多数省区有分布。印度、克什米尔地区、巴基斯坦、尼泊尔及喜马拉雅山区诸国、缅甸、越南、老挝、马来西亚、印度尼西亚、非律宾、日本、朝鲜至俄罗斯远东地区也有。
除栽培作蔬菜食用外，还药用，可降低血压。

《Flora of China》|| Apiaceae || Oenanthe ||卵叶水芹 Oenanthe javanica

1b. Oenanthe javanica subsp. rosthornii (Diels) F. T. Pu, Novon. 8: 70. 1998.

卵叶水芹 luan ye shui qin

Oenanthe rosthornii Diels, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 498. 1900; O. alatinervis Y. Y. Qian; O. pterocaulon S. L. Liu et al.

Plants stout. Umbels 3–7.6 cm across; rays unequal, 2–6 cm; bracteoles lanceolate. Fruit ovoid. Fl. Aug–Sep, fr. Oct–Nov.

Grassland at forest margins, marshes, water meadows, river banks; 1400–4000 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Thailand].

This variety has reputed medicinal value.

《Flora of China》|| Apiaceae || Oenanthe ||水芹 Oenanthe javanica

1. Oenanthe javanica (Blume) de Candolle, Prodr. 4: 138. 1830.

水芹 shui qin

Plants 10–80 cm. Roots fibrous. Stems decumbent. Basal petioles 5–10 cm; blade oblong-ovate, 1–2-pinnate; ultimate segments ovate or rhombic-ovate, 5–50 × 5–20 mm, margins serrate. Cauline leaves gradually reduced upwards, smaller, becoming sessile on expanded sheaths. Umbels 3–5 cm across; peduncles 2–16 cm; bracts absent, or occasionally 1, linear, 3–11 mm; rays 6–16(–30), 1–3 cm, subequal or unequal; bracteoles 2–8, linear, 2–4 cm, as long as pedicels; umbellules ca. 20-flowered; pedicels 1.5–4 mm. Calyx teeth ca. 0.5 mm. Styles patent, 1.2–2 mm. Fruit subglobose or ovoid, ca. 2.5 × 2 mm; dorsal and intermediate ribs slightly corky-thickened.

Grassland at forest margins, marshlands, water meadows, lakeshores, river banks, muddy stream banks, shallow water; 600–4000 m. Throughout China [India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Pakistan, Philippines, Russia, Thailand, Vietnam].

The complex nomenclatural history reflects the taxonomic problems with these morphologically very variable, widespread plants. Leaf morphology is particularly variable, and the size and shape of the leaves of the subsp. javanica converge with subsp. rosthornii in Malaysia and adjoining areas. Outside China, some authors have a broader species concept for Oenanthe javanica, including O. benghalensis and O. linearis within it. Further work over a wide geographic area is needed to resolve the classification.