《中国植物志》|| 紫草科 BORAGINACEAE ||紫草属 Lithospermum L. ||田紫草 Lithospermum arvense L.

3. 田紫草 麦家公（江苏植物名录）
Lithospermum arvense L. Sp. Pl. 132. 1753; Boiss. Fl. Orient. 4: 216. 1875; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 174. 1883; M. Pop. in Fl. URSS 19: 165. 1953; Riedl in Reching. Fl. Iranica 48:151. 1967;中国高等植物图鉴3: 552. 图5058.、1974; 朱格麟, 植物分类学报20: 3. 325. 1982. ——Rhytispermum arvense (L. ) Link, Handb. 1: 579. 1829. ——uglossoides arvensis (L. ) Johnst. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 35: 42. 1954.
一年生草本。根稍含紫色物质。茎通常单一，高15-35厘米，自基部或仅上部分枝有短糙伏毛。叶无柄，倒披针形至线形，长2-4厘米，宽3-7毫米，先端急尖，两面均有短糙伏毛。聚伞花序生枝上部，长可达10厘米，苞片与叶同形而较小；花序排列稀疏，有短花梗；花萼裂片线形，长4-5.5毫米，通常直立，两面均有短伏毛，果期长可达11毫米且基部稍硬化；花冠高脚碟状，白色，有时蓝色或淡蓝色，筒部长约4毫米，外面稍有毛，檐部长约为筒部的一半，裂片卵形或长圆形，直立或稍开展，长约1.5毫米，稍不等大，喉部无附属物，但有5条延伸到筒部的毛带；雄蕊着生花冠筒下部，花药长约1毫米；花柱长1.5-2毫米，柱头头状。小坚果三角状卵球形，长约3毫米，灰褐色，有疣状突起。花果期4-8月。
产黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、河北、山东、山西、江苏、浙江、安徽、湖北、陕西、甘肃及新疆。生丘陵、低山草坡或田边。朝鲜、日本、欧洲也有。

《Flora of China》|| Boraginaceae || Lithospermum ||田紫草 Lithospermum arvense

3. Lithospermum arvense Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 132. 1753.

田紫草 tian zi cao

Buglossoides arvensis (Linnaeus) I. M. Johnston; Rhytispermum arvense (Linnaeus) Link.

Herbs annual. Roots with purple dye. Stems usually single, branched from base or only above, 15-30 cm tall, short strigose. Leaf blade oblanceolate to linear, 2-4 cm × 3-7 mm, short strigose, apex acute. Cymes terminal, to 10 cm; bracts same shape as leaves but smaller. Flowers sparse, short pedicellate. Calyx lobes usually erect, linear, 4-5.5 mm, to 1.1 cm in fruit, short strigose on both sides, base becoming slightly hardened. Corolla white, sometimes blue or light blue, salverform; tube ca. 4 mm, sparsely pubescent outside; throat with 5 bands of hair extending to tube; limb ca. 1/2 as long as tube; lobes somewhat unequal, erect to slightly spreading, ovate or oblong, ca. 1.5 mm. Stamens attached below middle of tube; anthers oblong, ca. 1 mm. Style 1.5-2 mm; stigma capitate. Nutlets gray-brown, triangular-ovoid, ca. 3 mm, finely tuberculate. Fl. and fr. Apr-Aug. 2n = 14, 28, 36, 42.

Hills, pastures, mountain slopes, margins of cultivated ground. Anhui, Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Xinjiang, Zhejiang [Afghanistan, N India, Japan, Kashmir, Kazakhstan, Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; SW Asia, Europe]

A highly variable species with several infraspecific taxa recognized in Europe.