《中国植物志》|| 唇形科 LABIATAE ||并头黄芩系 Ser. Scordifoliae Juz. ||并头黄芩 Scutellaria scordifolia Fisch. ex Schrank

85. 并头黄芩（东北植物检索表）头巾草（内蒙古），山麻子（山西霍县）
Scutellaria scordifolia Fisch. ex Schrank in Denkschr. Bot. Ges. Regensb. 2: 55. 1822; in Ind. Hort. Petrop. 62. 1835; Benth. Labiat Gen. et Sp. 436. 1836, et in DC. Prodr. 12: 425. 1848; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. 3: 398. 1849; Turcz. Fl.Baical. Dahur. 2: 417. 1856; Maxim. in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. Sav. Etrang. 9: 219, 475, 484, 1859; Korsh. in Act. Hort. Petrop. 12: 378. 1892; Komarov in ibid. 25: 343. 1907; Dunn in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 39: 492. 1911, et in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 6: 173. 1915; Diels in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. 12: 475. 1922; Liu, Chihli Fl. 152. 1928; Kudo in Mem. Fac. Sci. Agz. Taihoku Univ. 2: 263. 1929; Hand. -Mazz. in Act. Hort. Gothob. 9: 74. 1934; Kitagawa, Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 385. 1939; Hand. -Mazz. in Act. Hort. Gethob. 13: 338. 1939; Juz. in Fl. URSS 20: 99. 1954; 刘慎谔等, 东北植物检索表322. 1959——Scutellaria galericulata Linn. δ. scordifolia Regel in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. VII. 4: 118, n. 388. 1861; in Act. Hort. Petrop. 10: 28. 1887——Scutellaria galericulata auct. non Linn.: Hance in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 294. 1890; Palibin in Act. Hort. Petrop. 14: 136. 1895; Komarov in ibid. 25: 345. 1907 Scutellaria scordifolia Fisch. ex Schrank f. glabrescens Franch. in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, 2 Ser. 6: 120. 1883——Scutellaria scordifolia Fisch. ex Schrank var. subglabra Komarov in Act. Hort. Petrop. 25: 344. 1907; in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. 5: 272. 1908; Kitagawa, Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 385. 1939.
根茎斜行或近直伸，节上生须根。茎直立，高12-36厘米，四棱形，基部粗1-2毫米，常带紫色，在棱上疏被上曲的微柔毛，或几无毛，不分枝，或具或多或少或长或短的分枝。叶具很短的柄或近无柄，柄长1-3毫米，腹凹背凸，被小柔毛；叶片三角状狭卵形，三角状卵形，或披针形，长1.5-3.8厘米，宽0.4-1.4厘米，先端大多钝，稀微尖，基部浅心形，近截形，边缘大多具浅锐牙齿，稀生少数不明显的波状齿，极少近全缘，上面绿色，无毛，下面较淡，沿中脉及侧脉疏被小柔毛，有时几无毛，具多数凹点，有时有不具凹点，侧脉约3对，上面凹陷，下面明显凸起。花单生于茎上部的叶腋内，偏向一侧；花梗长2-4毫米，被短柔毛，近基部有一对长约1毫米的针状小苞片。花萼开花时长3-4毫米，被短柔毛及缘毛，盾片高约1毫米，果时花萼长4.5毫米，盾片高2毫米。花冠蓝紫色，长2-2.2厘米，外面被短柔毛，内面无毛；冠筒基部浅囊状膝曲，宽约2毫米，向上渐宽，至喉部宽达6.5毫米；冠檐2唇形，上唇盔状，内凹，先端微缺，下唇中裂片圆状卵圆形，先端微缺，最宽处7毫米，2侧裂片卵圆形，先端微缺，宽2.5毫米。雄蕊4，均内藏，前对较长，具能育半药，退化半药明显，后对较短，具全药，药室裂口具髯毛；花丝扁平，前对内侧后对两侧下部被疏柔毛。花柱细长，先端锐尖，微裂。花盘前方隆起，后方延伸成短子房柄。子房4裂，裂片等大。小坚果黑色，椭圆形，长1.5毫米，径1毫米，具瘤状突起，腹面近基部具果脐。花期6-8月，果期8-9月。
产内蒙古，黑龙江，河北，山西，青海等地；生于草地或湿草甸，海拔2100米以下。苏联，蒙古，日本也有。模式标本采自苏联西伯利亚。
山西五台民间用根茎入药，叶可代茶用。

《Flora of China》|| Lamiaceae || Scutellaria ||并头黄芩 Scutellaria scordifolia

85. Scutellaria scordifolia Fischer ex Schrank, Denkschr. Bayer. Bot. Ges. Regensburg. 2: 55. 1822.

并头黄芩 bing tou huang qin

Herbs rhizomatous. Stems purplish, erect, 12-36 cm tall, subglabrous to upwardly curved pubescent or densely strigose especially upward. Petiole 1-3 mm, pubescent; leaf blade linear to triangular-ovate, 1.5-3.8 × 0.2-1.4 cm, adaxially glabrous, densely strigose, or densely appressed pubescent, abaxially sparsely appressed puberulent except on veins or sparsely pubescent along midrib and veins, sometimes subglabrous, glandular or not, margin shallowly dentate or occasionally subentire. Racemes poorly defined, terminal, secund; bracteoles needlelike, ca. 1 mm, inserted near base of pedicels in pairs. Flowers axillary. Pedicel 2-4 mm, pubescent. Calyx 3-4 mm, pubescent outside, ciliate, to 4.5 mm in fruit; scutellum ca. 1 mm, to 2 mm in fruit. Corolla blue-purple, 2-2.2 cm, pubescent outside, glabrous inside; tube saccate-geniculate in front, base ca. 2 mm wide, gradually dilated to 6.5 mm wide at throat; middle lobe of lower lip circular-ovate, ca. 7 mm wide, apex emarginate; lateral lobes ovate, ca. 2.5 mm wide, apex emarginate. Nutlets black, ellipsoid, ca. 1.5 × 1 mm, tuberculate, adaxially umbonate near base. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Aug-Sep.

Deciduous broad-leaved forests, pine forests, marshy grasslands, grassy slopes; 0-2100 m. Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi [Japan, Mongolia, Russia]