中文
Ethnobotany of China

KINGDOM: || PHYLUM: || CLASS: || ORDER: || FAMILY:薯蓣科 DIOSCOREACEAE || GENUS:

薯蓣 Dioscorea opposita

Accepted name Dioscorea oppositifolia L. (Dioscoreaceae) WCVP · synonym, resolved to accepted name
Flora treatments

《中国植物志》|| 薯蓣科 DIOSCOREACEAE ||周生翅组 Sect. Enantiophyllum Uline ||薯蓣 Dioscorea opposita Thunb.

38. 薯蓣(种子植物名称)野山豆(江苏唯宁),野脚板薯(湖南南岳),面山药(甘肃徽县),淮山(贵州德江)图版33: 1-9
Dioscorea opposita Thunb. Fl. Jap. 151. 1784; Prain et Burkill in Kew Bull. 349. 1919, et in Ann. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 14(2): 243. 1939, pl. 104. 1938; Burkill in Journ. Linn Soc. Bot. 56: 410. 1960; 中国高等植物图鉴 5: 567, 图7964. 1976.——D. batatas Decne. in Rev. Hort. ser. 4, 3: 243. 1854 et 4: 69. 1855; C. H. Wright in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 91. 1903, p. p.; Prain et Burkill in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal n. s. 10: 27. 1914; R. Knuth in Engl. Pflanzenr. 87(4-43): 261, f. 55. 1924: Hand. -Mazz. Symh. Sin. 7: 1240. 1936; 秦岭植物志1 (1): 382. 1976; T. S. Liou et T. C. Huang, Fl. Taiwan 5: 101. 1978.——D. doryphora Hance in Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. ser. 5, 5: 244. 1866; C. H. Wright l. c., sphalm. D. doryophora; Hayata, Ic. Pl. Formos. 10: 36, f. 18. 1921, sphalm. D. doryophora; R. Knuth l. c.: Prain et Burkill l. c. 14 (2): 240. 1939, pl. 103. 1938; T. S. Liou et T. C. Huang, l. c. ——D. swinhoei Rolfe in Journ. Bot. 20: 359. 1882.
缠绕草质藤本。块茎长圆柱形,垂直生长,长可达1米多,断面干时白色。茎通常带紫红色,右旋,无毛。单叶,在茎下部的互生,中部以上的对生,很少3叶轮生;叶片变异大,卵状三角形至宽卵形或戟形,长3-9 (-16) 厘米,宽2-7 (-14) 厘米,顶端渐尖,基部深心形、宽心形或近截形,边缘常3浅裂至3深裂,中裂片卵状椭圆形至披针形,侧裂片耳状,圆形、近方形至长圆形;幼苗时一般叶片为宽卵形或卵圆形,基部深心形。叶腋内常有珠芽。雌雄异株。雄花序为穗状花序,长2-8厘米,近直立,2-8个着生于叶腋,偶而呈圆锥状排列;花序轴明显地呈“之”字状曲折;苞片和花被片有紫褐色斑点;雄花的外轮花被片为宽卵形,内轮卵形,较小;雄蕊6。雌花序为穗状花序,1-3个着生于叶腋。蒴果不反折,三棱状扁圆形或三棱状圆形,长1.2-2厘米,宽1.5-3厘米,外面有白粉;种子着生于每室中轴中部,四周有膜质翅。花期6-9月,果期7-11月。
分布于东北、河北、山东、河南、安徽淮河以南(海拔150-850米)、江苏、浙江(450- 1000米)、江西、福建、台湾、湖北、湖南、广西北部、贵州、去南北部、四川(700-500米)、甘肃东部(950-1100米)、陕西南部(350-1500米)等地。生于山坡、山谷林下,溪边、路旁的灌丛中或杂草中;或为栽培。朝鲜、日本也有分布。模式标本采自日本,但根据 D. Prain et I. H. Burkill 的意见认为本种原产中国。
本种叶形变异极大,基部从深心形、宽心形、截形至戟形,两侧裂片和中间裂片相连处 可呈不同弧度,裂片形状、大小也各不相同,但这种变异不仅出现在不同植株上,而且可以出现在同一植株上,故作同一种处理。
块茎为常用中药“淮山药”,有强壮、祛痰的功效;又能食用。


Source 中国植物物种信息数据库


Plant use records
Chinese name Vernacular name Plant Ethnic group Use Source
山药 山药 山药 Dioscorea opposita Thunb. Medicinal 中国药典2020
零余子 零余子 零余子 Dioscorea opposita Thunb. Medicinal 中华本草
山药藤 山药藤 山药藤 Dioscorea opposita Thunb. Medicinal 中华本草
山药 山药 山药 Dioscorea opposita Thunb. Medicinal 中华本草


Historical formulas containing this species
Use in historical formulas by period (2837 formulas in total)
Use in historical formulas by periodPre-Qin: 0Pre-QinHan: 1717HanWei–Jin & N–S: 22Wei–Jin& N–SSui–Tang & Five Dynasties: 157157Sui–Tang& Five DynastiesSong: 797797SongJin–Yuan: 9595Jin–YuanMing: 795795MingQing: 974974Qing




Wild economic plants of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (field survey)
Plant name Local name Family Life form Part used Folk use Voucher Locality Ethnic group Region

Research papers
Title Authors Journal Date
Paleolithic human exploitation of plant foods during the last glacial maximum in North China Liu, Li; Bestel, Sheahan; Shi, Jinming; Song, Yanhua; Chen, Xingcan PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA APR 2 2013
Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan, a traditional Chinese medicine, alleviated allergic airway hypersensitivity and inflammatory cell infiltration in a chronic asthma mouse model Kao, Shung-Te; Wang, Shulhn-Der; Lin, Chih-Che; Lin, Li-Jen JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY DEC 5 2018
Neuroprotective effects of Dioscorea opposita on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in in vivo behavioral tests and in vitro assays Yang, Min Hye; Yoon, Kee Dong; Chin, Young-Won; Park, Ju Hyun; Kim, Seung Hyun; Kim, Young Choong; Kim, Jinwoong JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY JAN 12 2009
Serum metabolomic profiles reveal the impact of BuZangTongLuo formula on metabolic pathways in diabetic mice with hindlimb ischemia Zheng, Junping; Guo, Yanlei; Hu, Baifei; Zhu, Lin; Yang, Yong; Li, Shengrong; Li, Na; Liu, Hongtao JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY JAN 21 2009
Improvement on metabolic syndrome in high fat diet-induced obese mice through modulation of gut microbiota by sangguayin decoction Zheng, Junping; Zhang, Jing; Guo, Yanlei; Cui, Hairong; Lin, Aizhen; Hu, Baifei; Gao, Qinghua; Chen, Yunzhong; Liu, Hongtao JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY JAN 10 2020
Can highly cited herbs in ancient Traditional Chinese medicine formulas and modern publications predict therapeutic targets for diabetes mellitus? Wang, Huijun; Shi, Songshan; Wang, Shunchun JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY MAR 1 2018
The cold-soaking extract of Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) protects against erectile dysfunction by ameliorating testicular function in hydrocortisone-induced KDS-Yang rats and in oxidatively damaged TM3 cells Yu, Shiting; Han, Bing; Bai, Xueyuan; Liu, Shichao; Xing, Xin; Zhao, Daqing; Liu, Meichen; Wang, Siming JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY DEC 5 2020
Molecular screening of Chinese medicinal plants for progestogenic and anti-progestogenic activity Ahmed, H. M. Manir; Yeh, Jan-Ying; Tang, Yi-Chia; Cheng, Winston Teng-Kuei; Ou, Bor-Rung JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES JUN 2014
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