中文
Ethnobotany of China

KINGDOM:Plantae || PHYLUM:Tracheophyta || CLASS:Magnoliopsida || ORDER:Rosales || FAMILY:桑科 Moraceae || GENUS: 拓属 Cudrania

柘树 Cudrania tricuspidata (Carr.) Bur. ex Lavallee

Accepted name Maclura tricuspidata Carrière (Moraceae) WCVP · synonym, resolved to accepted name
Catalogue of Life China 柘 (differs from the Chinese name in this database)
Flora treatments

《中国植物志》|| 桑科 MORACEAE ||拓属 Cudrania Trec. ||拓树 Cudrania tricuspidata (Carrière) Bureau ex Lavalle

5.拓(嘉祐本草、救荒本草、植物名实图考)奴拓(本草拾遗,广西),灰桑(湖 南湘阴),黄桑(云南),棉拓(救荒本草),拓树(中国树木分类学)图版16:6
Cudrania tricuspidata (Carr.) Bur. ex Lavallee, Arb. Segrez. 243. 1877; Schneid. in Sarg. 3: 306. 1916; Nakai, Fl. Sylv. Kor. 19: 114. f. 37. 1932; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学224. 1937; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 500, f. 999. 1972; Terasaki, Ill. Fl. Japan Znd. ed. 124. f. 479. 1979; Kitamura et Murata, Col. Ill. Woody Pl. Japan 2: 242. f. 351一1. pl. 113-694. 1979; 浙江植物志2: 85, f. 2-111. 1992; 湖北植物大全: 266. 1992;横断山区维管植物, 上册: 303. 1993. ——Maclura tricuspidata Carr. in Rev. Rort. 390. f. 37. 1864; id. 56. f. 7. 1872; Corner in Gard. Bull. Sing. 19: 240, 1962; Yamazaki in Journ. Phytogeogr. and Taxon. 31 (2): 71. f. 7. 1982. Nguyen T. Hiep in Tap chi SINN HOC 16 (4): 65. 1994. ——Cudranus triloba Hance in Journ. Bot. 6: 49. 1868; Forbes in Journ. Bot. 21: 146. 1883; Franch. in M em. Soc. Sc. Nat. Cherb. 24: 253. 1884; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 470. 1899.——Morus integrifolia Levl. et Vant. in Bull. Acad. Interm. Geogr. Bot. 17: 210. 1907; Rehd. in Journ Arn. Arb. 17: 73. 1924. ——Vanieria tricuspidata (Carr.) Hu in Journ. Arn Arb 5: 228. 1924.——V. triloba (Hance) Satake in Journ. Fac. Sei. Tokyo Sect. 3. Bot. 3. 497. 1931.
落叶灌木或小乔木,高1-7米;树皮灰褐色,小枝无毛,略具棱,有棘刺,刺长5- 20毫米;冬芽赤褐色。叶卵形或菱状卵形,偶为三裂,长5-14厘米,宽3-6厘米,先 端渐尖,基部楔形至圆形,表面深绿色,背面绿白色,无毛或被柔毛,侧脉4-6对;叶 柄长1-2厘米,被微柔毛。雌雄异株,雌雄花序均为球形头状花序,单生或成对腋生, 具短总花梗;雄花序直径0.5厘米,雄花有苞片2枚,附着于花被片上,花被片4,肉质, 先端肥厚,内卷,内面有黄色腺体2个,雄蕊4,与花被片对生,花丝在花芽时直立,退 化雌蕊锥形;雌花序直径1-1.5厘米,花被片与雄花同数,花被片先端盾形,内卷,内 面下部有2黄色腺体,子房埋于花被片下部。聚花果近球形,直径约2.5厘米,肉质,成 熟时桔红色。花期5-6月,果期6-7月。
产华北、华东、中南、西南各省区(北达陕西、河北)。生于海拔500-1500(-2200) 米,阳光充足的山地或林缘。朝鲜也有。日本有栽培。
茎皮纤维可以造纸;根皮药用;嫩叶可以养幼蚕(四川农村均以嫩叶养幼蚕,据说, 老蚕食用拓树老叶,吐丝光泽不美观);果可生食或酿酒;木材心部黄色,质坚硬细致, 可以作家俱用或作黄色染料;也为良好的绿篱树种。


Source 中国植物物种信息数据库

Economic plants
Starch and sugar plants
果可食也能酿酒。
[中国经济植物志69柘(zhe)(图37)]

Fibre plants
树皮纤维可制人造棉。质地较柔软,可与棉花混纺;亦可制绳索及
造纸等。
根皮供药用。治妇女崩血症,补虚痨,治阳萎、遗精、耳聋、肺病、跌打等症。果
实可食与酿酒(见“淀粉及糖类”,496页)。叶可饲蚕。树心黄色可做黄色染料。木质
坚硬细致,可制家具等。
[中国经济植物志47柘(zhe)(图37)]


Plant use records
Chinese name Vernacular name Plant Ethnic group Use Source
柘树 柘树 Cudrania tricuspidata (Carr. ) Bur. ex lavallee Yi medicine Ethnomedicinal 《哀牢》
柘树 九重皮 柘树 Cudrania tricuspidata (Carr. ) Bur. ex lavallee She medicine Ethnomedicinal 《畲医药》
柘树 若比感绕扎 柘树 Cudrania tricuspidata (Carr. ) Bur. ex lavallee Wa medicine Ethnomedicinal 《滇药录》
柘树 尼高、无刺奶浆树 柘树 Cudrania tricuspidata (Carr. ) Bur. ex lavallee Shui medicine Ethnomedicinal 《水族药》
柘树 尚专高,Sangp sunl kgaos,刺高(Sunl kgaos) 柘树 Cudrania tricuspidata (Carr. ) Bur. ex lavallee Dong medicine Ethnomedicinal 《侗医学》
柘树 柘树 Cudrania tricuspidata (Carr. ) Bur. ex lavallee Bai medicine Ethnomedicinal 《大理资志》
柘树 黄穿破石(fanh zuih nqimv) 黄龙退壳,辣椒刺,黄埠刺 柘树 Cudrania tricuspidata (Carr. ) Bur. ex lavallee Yao medicine Ethnomedicinal
柘树 黄穿破石(fanh zuih nqimv) 黄龙退壳,辣椒刺,黄埠刺 柘树 Cudrania tricuspidata (Carr. ) Bur. ex lavallee Yao medicine Ethnomedicinal


Historical formulas containing this species
Use in historical formulas by period (4 formulas in total)
Use in historical formulas by periodPre-Qin: 0Pre-QinHan: 0HanWei–Jin & N–S: 0Wei–Jin& N–SSui–Tang & Five Dynasties: 0Sui–Tang& Five DynastiesSong: 11SongJin–Yuan: 0Jin–YuanMing: 22MingQing: 11Qing




Wild economic plants of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (field survey)
Plant name Local name Family Life form Part used Folk use Voucher Locality Ethnic group Region

Research papers
Title Authors Journal Date
Cudraticusxanthone A isolated from the roots of Cudrania tricuspidata inhibits metastasis and induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells Jeon, Soo-Myeong; Lee, Dong-Sung; Jeong, Gil-Saeong JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY JAN 2018
The inhibitory effects of 12 medicinal plants and their component compounds on lipid peroxidation Cho, EJ; Yokozawa, T; Rhyu, DY; Kim, HY; Shibahara, N; Park, JC AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2003
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