KINGDOM:Plantae || PHYLUM:Tracheophyta || CLASS:Magnoliopsida || ORDER:Fabales || FAMILY:豆科 Fabaceae || GENUS: 木豆属 Cajanus
《中国植物志》|| 豆科 LEGUMINOSAE ||木豆属 Cajanus DC. ||木豆 Cajanus cajan (Linn.) Millsp.
1. 木豆(临高县志)三叶豆 图版73: 4-10
Cajanus cajan (Linn.) Millsp. Field Columb. Mus. Bot. 2-1: 53. 1900; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. Bot. 5:126. 1910; et in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 24:211. 1935; Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 582. 1929;中国高等植物图鉴2: 504,图2738. 1972;台湾植物志3:158. pl. 329. 1977;Thuan in Aubrev. Fl. Camb. Laos Vietn. 17: 106. 1979; van der Maesen in Agr. Univ. Wageningen Papers 85-4: 65.1985.——Cytisus cajan Linn. Sp. Pl. 739. 1753.——Cajanus flavus DC. Prodr. 406. 1828.——Cajanus indicus Spreng. Syst. 3: 248. 1826; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2:217. 1876.
直立灌木,1-3米。多分枝,小枝有明显纵棱,被灰色短柔毛。叶具羽状3小叶;托叶小,卵状披针形,长2-3毫米;叶柄长1.5-5厘米,上面具浅沟,下面具细纵棱,略被短柔毛;小叶纸质,披针形至椭圆形,长5-10厘米,宽1.5-3厘米,先端渐尖或急尖,常有细凸尖,上面被极短的灰白色短柔毛。下面较密,呈灰白色,有不明显的黄色腺点;小托叶极小;小叶柄长1-2毫米,被毛。总状花序长3-7厘米;总花梗长2-4厘米;花数朵生于花序顶部或近顶部;苞片卵状椭圆形;花萼钟状,长达7毫米,裂片三角形或披针形,花序、总花梗、苞片、花萼均被灰黄色短柔毛;花冠黄色,长约为花萼的3倍,旗瓣近圆形,背面有紫褐色纵线纹,基部有附属体及内弯的耳,翼瓣微倒卵形,有短耳,龙骨瓣先端钝,微内弯;雄蕊二体,对旗瓣的1枚离生,其余9枚合生;子房被毛,有胚珠数颗,花柱长,线状,无毛,柱头头状。荚果线状长圆形,长4-7厘米,宽6-11毫米,于种子间具明显凹入的斜横槽,被灰褐色短柔毛,先端渐尖,具长的尖头;种子3-6颗,近圆形,稍扁,种皮暗红色,有时有褐色斑点。花、果期2-11月。
产云南、四川、江西、湖南、广西、广东、海南、浙江、福建、台湾、江苏。原产地或为印度,现世界上热带和亚热带地区普遍有栽培,极耐瘠薄干旱,在印度栽培尤广,为平民的主粮和菜肴之一,常作包点馅料,叫豆蓉;叶可作家畜饲料、绿肥。根入药能清热解毒。亦为紫胶虫的优良寄主植物。
| Chinese name | Vernacular name | Plant | Ethnic group | Use | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 木豆 | 陀些 | 木豆 Cajanus cajan (L. ) Millsp. (C. flaus DC. ) | Dai medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《傣医药》 |
| 木豆 | 唾些(西傣) | 木豆 Cajanus cajan (L. ) Millsp. (C. flaus DC. ) | Dai medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《滇省志》 |
| 木豆 | 也(西傣) | 木豆 Cajanus cajan (L. ) Millsp. (C. flaus DC. ) | Dai medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《版纳傣药》、《傣药录》、《滇药录》 |
| 木豆 | 戛齐藤 | 木豆 Cajanus cajan (L. ) Millsp. (C. flaus DC. ) | Achang medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《德宏药录》 |
| 木豆 | 玉角 | 木豆 Cajanus cajan (L. ) Millsp. (C. flaus DC. ) | De'ang medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《德宏药录》 |
| 木豆 | Seyo nuq | 木豆 Cajanus cajan (L. ) Millsp. (C. flaus DC. ) | Jingpo medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《德宏药录》 |
| 木豆根 | 木豆根 | 木豆根 Cajanus cajan (L. ) Millsp. | Medicinal | 中华本草 | |
| 木豆 | 木豆 | 木豆 Cajanus cajan (L. ) Millsp. | Medicinal | 中华本草 | |
| 木豆叶 | 木豆叶 | 木豆叶 Cajanus cajan (L. ) Millsp. | Medicinal | 中华本草 |
| Plant name | Local name | Family | Life form | Part used | Folk use | Voucher | Locality | Ethnic group | Region |
|---|
| Title | Authors | Journal | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ethnobotanical survey and cytotoxicity testing of plants of South-western Nigeria used to treat cancer, with isolation of cytotoxic constituents from Cajanus cajan Millsp leaves | Ashidi, J. S.; Houghton, P. J.; Hylands, P. J.; Efferth, T. | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAR 24 2010 |
| Ability of the aphid parasitoid species Binodoxys indicus to switch over to alternative host-complexes [Hymenoptera : Braconidae] | Singh, R; Singh, A; Pandey, S | ENTOMOLOGIA GENERALIS | JAN 10 2021 |
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