KINGDOM:Plantae || PHYLUM:Tracheophyta || CLASS:Magnoliopsida || ORDER:Sapindales || FAMILY:漆树科 Anacardiaceae || GENUS: 盐肤木属 Rhus
《中国植物志》|| 漆树科 ANACARDIACEAE ||盐肤木属 Rhus (Tourn.) L. emend. Moench ||盐肤木 Rhus chinensis Mill.
1.盐肤木(正字通)五倍子树(通称),五倍柴(湖南),五倍子(四川、湖南),山梧桐(辽宁),木五倍子(四川),乌桃叶、乌盐泡、乌烟桃(武汉),乌酸桃、红叶桃、盐树根(浙江),土椿树、酸酱头(山东),红盐果、倍子柴(江西),角倍(四川),肤杨树(湖南),盐肤子(开室本草、图考),盐酸白(广东、福建)
Rhus chinensis Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8, 7. 1768; Merr. in Contr. Arn. Arb. 8: 91. 1934; Merr. et Metc. in Lingn. Sci. Journ. 16 (3): 393. 1937; J. Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 729. 1956; Tard.-Blot in Aubr. Fl. Camb. Laos et Vietn. 2: 182. 1962; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 632, 图2994. 1972; 海南植物志3: 109. 1974; 云南植物志2: 388. 1979. ——Schinus indicus. Burm. Fl. Ind. 215. 1768.——Rhus semialata Murr. in Comm. Doc. Goetting. 6: 27, t. 23. 1784; DC. Prodr. 2: 67. 1825; Engl. in DC. Monog. Phan. 4: 380. 1883; Forb. et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 23: 146. 1886; Engl. in Bot. Jahrb. 29: 433. 1901; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 635. 1933; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学646, 图539. 1937. ——R. semialata var. osbeckii DC. Prodr. 2: 67. 1825; Engl. in DC. Monog. Phan. 4: 380. 1883; Schirasawa, Ic. Ess. For. Jap. 1: 96, t. 58, f. 18-34. 1900. ——R. osbeckii Decaisne ex Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2, 2: 452. 1841; Schneid. Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 156, f. 102, d. 1907. ——R. javanica auct. non L.: Thunb. Fl. Jap. 121. 1785; Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 183. 1790; Rehd. et Wils. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 2: 178. 1914; Bl. in Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 14: 383. 1924, et 1. c. 17: 171. 1930; Craib, Fl. Siam. Enum. 1 (2): 342. 1926.
落叶小乔木或灌木,高2-10米;小枝棕褐色,被锈色柔毛,具圆形小皮孔。奇数羽状复叶有小叶(2-) 3-6对,叶轴具宽的叶状翅,小叶自下而上逐渐增大,叶轴和叶柄密被锈色柔毛;小叶多形,卵形或椭圆状卵形或长圆形,长6-12厘米,宽3-7厘米,先端急尖,基部圆形,顶生小叶基部楔形,边缘具粗锯齿或圆齿,叶面暗绿色,叶背粉绿色,被白粉,叶面沿中脉疏被柔毛或近无毛,叶背被锈色柔毛,脉上较密,侧脉和细脉在叶面凹陷,在叶背突起;小叶无柄。圆锥花序宽大,多分枝,雄花序长30-40厘米,雌花序较短,密被锈色柔毛;苞片披针形,长约1毫米,被微柔毛,小苞片极小,花白色,花梗长约1毫米,被微柔毛;雄花:花萼外面被微柔毛,裂片长卵形,长约1毫米,边缘具细睫毛;花瓣倒卵状长圆形,长约2毫米,开花时外卷;雄蕊伸出,花丝线形,长约2毫米,无毛,花药卵形,长约0.7毫米;子房不育;雌花:花萼裂片较短,长约0.6毫米,外面被微柔毛,边缘具细睫毛;花瓣椭圆状卵形,长约1.6毫米,边缘具细睫毛,里面下部被柔毛;雄蕊极短;花盘无毛;子房卵形,长约1毫米,密被白色微柔毛,花柱3, 柱头头状。核果球形,略压扁,径4-5毫米,被具节柔毛和腺毛,成熟时红色,果核径3-4毫米。花期8-9月,果期10月。
我国除东北、内蒙古和新疆外,其余省区均有,生于海拔170-2700米的向阳山坡、沟谷、溪边的疏林或灌丛中。分布于印度、中南半岛、马来西亚、印度尼西亚、日本和朝鲜。
本种为五倍子蚜虫寄主植物,在幼枝和叶上形成虫瘿,即五倍子,可供鞣革、医药、塑料和墨水等工业上用。幼枝和叶可作土农药。果泡水代醋用,生食酸咸止渴。种子可榨油。根、叶、花及果均可供药用。
| Chinese name | Vernacular name | Plant | Ethnic group | Use | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 盐肤木 | 羊泡木,喷白,洋踫沙,三泡叉 | 盐肤木 Rhus chinensis Mill. | Miao medicine | Ethnomedicinal | |
| 盐肤木 | 盐肤木 Rhus chinensis Mill. | Miao medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《湘蓝考》 | |
| 盐肤木 | 西日合茵-乌日 | 盐肤木 Rhus chinensis Mill. | Mongolian medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《蒙药》 |
| 盐肤木 | 切马 | 盐肤木 Rhus chinensis Mill. | Nu medicine | Ethnomedicinal | |
| 盐肤木 | 切马 | 盐肤木 Rhus chinensis Mill. | Nu medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《怒江药》 |
| 盐肤木 | 盐肤木 Rhus chinensis Mill. | Lahu medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《拉祜医药》 | |
| 盐肤木 | 羊桑咩树根,羊桑咩树子 | 盐肤木 Rhus chinensis Mill. | Yi medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《哀牢》 |
| 盐肤木 | 角倍,五倍子 | 盐肤木 Rhus chinensis Mill. | Shui medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《水族药》 |
| 盐肤木 | 盐肤木 | 盐肤木 Rhus chinensis Mill. | Wa medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《中佤药》 |
| 盐肤木 | 哥吗婆 | 盐肤木 Rhus chinensis Mill. | Dai medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《傣药志》 |
| 神效驱风散 | 五倍丸 | 摄脾丸 | 锁精丸 | 远志散 | 龙骨膏 |
| 刘寄奴汤 | 神效饼子 | 倍香膏 | 麻黄生姜汤 | 蟾灰散 | 白酒煎 |
| 应圣丸 | 六物散 | 罂榆汤 | 固荣丹 | 神功散 | 万金膏 |
| 太上紫霞丹 | 保童丸 | 五倍散 | 如圣散 | 定命散 | 育肠汤 |
| 露蜂房丸 | 腊茶煎 | 五槐丸 | 退肿散 | 神功妙贴散 | 万病解毒丸 |
| Plant name | Local name | Family | Life form | Part used | Folk use | Voucher | Locality | Ethnic group | Region |
|---|
| Title | Authors | Journal | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| [Cloning,expression and characterization of chalcone isomerase from medicinal plant Chinese sumac (Rhus chinensis)]. | Yang, Xiao-Yue; Wang, Jing; Li, Chen; Ren, Zhu-Mei; Ma, Wen-Li | Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica | 2019-Aug |
| The Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequence and Intra-Species Diversity of Rhus chinensis | Park, Jee-young; Jae, Kang Shin; MURUKARTHICK, JAYAKODI; Lee, Yun Sun; YOUNGJIN, HUR; Lee, Sang-Choon; Yang, Tae-Jin; ???; ???; ???; ??; ??? | Plant Breeding and Biotechnology | 2017 |
| Chinese medicinal plants: an alternative approach for management of Verticillium wilt of cotton | Khaskheli, Muhammad I.; Sun, Jun L.; He, Shou P.; Pan, Zhao E.; Jia, Yin H.; Zhu, He Q.; Khaskheli, Allah J.; Du, Xiong M. | PHYTOPATHOLOGIA MEDITERRANEA | 2016 |
| Cloning, characterization and expression of chalcone synthase from medicinal plant Rhus chinensis | Ma, Wenli; Wu, Yang; Wu, Min; Ren, Zhumei; Zhong, Yang | JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY | |
| Anti-HIV-1 activities of extracts from the medicinal plant Rhus chinensis | Wang, RR; Gu, QO; Yang, LM; Chen, JJ; Li, SY; Zheng, YT | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | APR 21 2006 |
| Inhibitory ASIC2-mediated calcineurin/NFAT against colorectal cancer by triterpenoids extracted from Rhus chinensis Mill | Wang, Gang; Wang, Yu-Zhu; Yu, Yang; Wang, Jun-Jie | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAY 10 2019 |
| Colonization rate and diversity of AM fungi in the rhizosphere of seven medicinal plants in Xiamen | Jiang Pan; Wang Mingyuan | Acta Ecologica Sinica | 2012 |
Copyright © 2002-2025 Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. [滇ICP备05000394号]
Address: 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China Contact us