《中国植物志》|| 兰科 ORCHIDACEAE ||开唇兰属 Anoectochilus Bl. ||台湾银线兰 Anoectochilus formosanus Hayata

19.台湾银线兰（新拟）金线莲（台湾兰科植物）台湾金线莲（台湾植物志、台湾兰科植物彩色图志）图版31：4-6
Anoectochilus formosanus Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. 4: 101, fig. 53. 1914; Schltr. in Fedde Repert. Sp. Nov. Beih. 4: 176. 1919;台湾兰科植物2: 46-48(图). 1977;台湾植物志5: 8749图1544. 1978;台湾兰科植物彩色图志1: 58. 1996.——A. roxburghii acut. non Lindl.: Rolfe in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 42. loc. Formosa, 1903; acut non Lindl. : S. S. Ying, Col. Illust. Indig. Orch. Taiwan 1: 418, loc. Taiwan 1977.
植株高约20厘米。根状茎匍匐，伸长。茎肉质，圆柱形。叶2-4枚，卵形或卵圆形，长2.7-4厘米，宽2.5-3.5厘米，先端急尖，基部圆形，骤狭成柄，柄的基部有鞘；叶片上面呈绒毛状墨绿色，具白色美丽的网脉，背面带红色。花茎高约15厘米，红褐色，被毛，下部疏生2-3枚鞘状苞片；总状花序具3-5朵花；花苞片卵状披针形，长1厘米，宽3.5毫米，背面被毛；子房圆柱形，扭转，被毛，连花梗长1.5厘米；花不甚张开，倒置（唇瓣位于下方）；萼片红褐色，背面被毛，中萼片近圆形，顶部骤狭，先端急尖，长6-7毫米，宽4.8毫米，凹陷呈舟状；侧萼片长椭圆形，斜歪，长8-10毫米，宽5毫米，先端急尖；花瓣白色，斜歪的镰状，近先端骤狭呈尾状，长8毫米，宽2.6毫米，与中萼片粘合呈兜状；唇瓣呈Y字形，含距长1.8厘米，基部具圆锥状距，前部扩大并2裂，裂片镰状披针形、菱状长圆形或狭长圆形，白色，长7毫米，宽3毫米，先端钝，中部淡黄色，收狭成其两侧各具5条、略向上弯曲、长5毫米的丝状长流苏裂条的爪；距贴近子房，长4毫米，宽3毫米，其末端2浅裂，内面近末端处具2枚板状、高约1.5毫米其顶部截平的胼胝体；蕊柱短，长2毫米；花药卵形，长4毫米；花粉团2个，具短柄，末端共同具1枚披针形的粘盘；柱头2个，离生，位于蕊喙基部两侧。花期10-11月。
产于我国台湾，广布全省。多生于海拔500-1600米的阴湿森林或竹林内。日本（琉球）也有分布。模式标本采自台湾。

《Flora of China》|| Orchidaceae || Anoectochilus ||台湾银线兰 Anoectochilus formosanus

6. Anoectochilus formosanus Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formosan. 4: 101. 1914.

台湾银线兰 tai wan yin xian lan

Plants 11-20 cm tall. Stem ascending, 2-4-leaved. Leaves abaxially reddish purple, adaxially dark green with white venation, ovate to ovate-orbicular, 2-5 × 1-3.5 cm, apex acute; petiole-like base and tubular sheath 0.8-1.6 cm. Peduncle 10-15 cm, with 2 or 3 sheathing sterile bracts, reddish brown; rachis 1.5-5 cm, 3-5-flowered; floral bracts ovate-lanceolate, 8-10 mm, shorter than ovary, outer surface hairy, apex acuminate. Flowers resupinate, pale yellowish white; ovary and pedicel twisted, fusiform, 10-14 mm, pubescent. Sepals reddish brown, pubescent on outer surface; dorsal sepal suborbicular, cymbiform, 6-7 × 5-6 mm, apex acute; lateral sepals narrowly elliptic, oblique, 8-10 × 5-6 mm, apex acute. Petals white, ovate, strongly oblique, falcate, ca. 8 × 2.6 mm, apex cuspidate; lip pale yellowish white, Y-shaped, 12-16 mm; hypochile ca. 2 mm; mesochile 5-6 mm; flanges 4- or 5-laciniate, each filament 4-6 mm; epichile longitudinally dilated, 2-lobed; lobes diverging at an acute angle to one another, linear-oblong to rhombic-oblong, 6-7.5 × 1.5-3 mm, apex obtuse; spur conic, 2-4 mm, mouth ca. 3 mm in diam., apex shallowly bilobed, containing 2 carunculate calli. Column ovoid, ca. 2 mm. Fl. Oct-Nov. 2n = 24, 40.

Broad-leaved evergreen forests, bamboo forests; 500-1500 m. Taiwan [Japan (Ryukyu Islands)].