节节草 Equisetum ramosissimum - Ethnobotany of China

KINGDOM:Plantae || PHYLUM:Tracheophyta || CLASS:Equisetopsida || ORDER:Equisetales || FAMILY:木贼科 Equisetaceae || GENUS: 木贼属 Equisetum

Flora treatments

Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae
Flora of North America
Flora of China

《中国植物志》|| 木贼科 EQUISETACEAE ||木贼亚属 Subgen. Hippochaete (Milde) Baker ||节节草 Equisetum ramosissimum Desf.

7.节节草（中国主要植物图说•蕨类植物门）节节木贼（河北林学院学报）
Equisetum ramosissimum Desf., Fl. Atlant. 2: 398. 1799; Baker, , Handb. FernAllies 4. 1887; Christ in Bull. Acad. Georgr. Bot. 11: 270. 1902; Alderw, Malay. Fern-allies 17. 1915; C. Chr. in Meddel. FrAn Gdteb. Bot. Tr. 44: 108. 1924: 11jin inKom. Fl. URSS. 1: 109. 1934; Schaffner et L. C. Li in Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 9: 129. 1939: S. H. Fu, Ill. Important Chinese PL., Pterid. 14. f. 20. 1957: Herb. PL. Northeast China 1: 16, f. 17. 1958; Tagawa, Col. Ill. Jap. Pterid. 25, PL. 6: 38. 1959; Hauke in Amer. Fern J. 52 (1): 31. 1962: Valentine in FL. Europ. 1: 7. 1964; Davis, FL. Turk. ＆E. Eage. Isl. 32. 1965; Ic. Corm. Sin. 1: 116, f. 232. 1972; Fl. Tsinling. 2: 26. 1974: De Vol in H. L. Li, FL. Taiwan 1: 55. 1975: Y. L. Chang et al., Sporae Pterid. Sin. 52, PL. 6: 4-14. 1976; FL. Jiangsu 1: 16. 1977; Fl. Henan 1: 11. f. 16. 1981; Nakaike, N. Fl. Jap. Pterid. 7, f, 7. 1982; Bartholomew etal. in J. Arnold Arbor. 64 (1): 18. 1983; Jacobson, Ferns Fern Allies S. Africa 158, f. 102. 1983: Dixit, Census Ind. Pterid. 20. 1984; Kuo in Taiwania 30: 13. 1985: Fl. Intramong. 1: 63, PL. 5: 1-4. 1985; Kurata et Nakaike, Ill. Pterid. Jap. 4: 60. 1985; H. S. Kung, Fl. Sichuan. 6: 87, PL. 26: 3-4. 1988: FL. Liaoning 1: 23, PL. 5: 3-4. 1988: S. F. Wu in Journ. Shanghai Teach. Coil. Tech. 10 (2): 89. 1990; FL. Shangdon1: 27, f. 8. 1991; Fl. Xinjiang 1: 16, PL. 5: 1-4. 1992: Nakaike et Malik in Cryp. Fl. Pakist. 1: 262. 1992: K. Iwats., Ferns Fern Allies Jap. 60. 1992; Manickam etIrudayaraj, Pterd. Fl. W. Ghats-S. Ind. 44. 1992; De Vol in T. C. Huang, Fl. Taiwaned. 2, 1: 60. 1994: L. B. Zhang et H. S. Kung in X. C. Zhang et K. H. Shing, ChingMem. Vol. 86. 2000. ——Hippochaete ramosissima (Desf.) Boerner in Eine Fl. Deuts. Volk. 282. 1912: Rothm. in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. 54: 81. 1944；Fl. Xizang. 1: 29, f. 8: 1-3. 1983；P. S. Wang et X. Y. Wang in Guizhou Sci. 2: 50. 1983, etibidom 2: 4. 1985: J. z. Wang in journ. Hebei Forest. Coll. 5 (2) : 119. 1990；P. S. Wang, Pterid. Fanjing Mt. Nat. Res. 27. 1992；Fl. Jiangxi 1: 41, f. 30. 1993: Fl. Zhejiang 1: 19. f. 1-20. 1993: Keys Vasc. Pl. Wuling Mts. 9. 1995. ——E. elonga-tum Wild. Sp. Pl. 5: 6. 1810: C. B. Clarke in Trans. Linn. Soc. 11. Bot. 1: 595. 1880. ——E. sieboldii Milde in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 1: 62. 1863. ——E. ramisissimum Desf. var. japonicum Milde, l. c. 65. ——H. ramosissima Desf. var.japonica (NEW) J. X. Li et F. Q. Zhou in Bull. Bot. Res. (Harbin) 11 (2): 35. 1991; Fl. Shangdon 1: 27. 1991. ——E. ramisissimum Desf. var. glaucum Nakai in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 39: 195. 1925. ——E. ramosissimum Desf. var. taikankoense Yarnamotoin Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Form. 20: 97. 1930.
中小型植物。根茎直立，横走或斜升，黑棕色，节和根疏生黄棕色长毛或光滑无毛。地上枝多年生。枝一型，高20-60厘米，中部直径1-3毫米，节间长2-6厘米，绿色，主枝多在下部分枝，常形成簇生状；幼枝的轮生分枝明显或不明显；主枝有脊5-14条，脊的背部弧形，有一行小瘤或有浅色小横纹；鞘筒狭长达1厘米，下部灰绿色，上部灰棕色；鞘齿5-12枚，三角形，灰白色，黑棕色或淡棕色，边缘（有时上部）为膜质，基部扁平或弧形，早落或宿存，齿上气孔带明显或不明显。侧枝较硬，圆柱状，有脊5-8条，脊上平滑或有一行小瘤或有浅色小横纹；鞘齿5-8个，披针形，革质但边缘膜质，上部棕色，宿存。孢子囊穗短棒状或椭圆形，长0.5-2.5厘米，中部直径0.4-0.7厘米，顶端有小尖突，无柄。
产黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、北京、天津、河北、山西、陕西、宁夏、甘肃、青海、新疆、山东、江苏、上海、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、河南、湖北、湖南、广东、广西、海南、四川、重庆、贵州、云南、西藏。海拔100-3300米。日本、朝鲜半岛、喜马拉雅（印度等）、蒙古、俄罗斯、非洲、欧洲、北美洲有分布。
本种可分为两亚种。

Source 中国植物物种信息数据库

《Flora of China》|| Equisetaceae || Equisetum ||节节草 Equisetum ramosissimum

7. Equisetum ramosissimum Desfontaines, Fl. Atlant. 2: 398. 1799.

节节草 jie jie cao

Equisetum ramosissimum

Credit: Harvard University Herbaria

Plants small to medium-sized. Rhizome erect, creeping, or ascending, blackish brown, nodes and roots with few to numerous long yellowish brown trichomes or glabrous. Aerial stem perennial, monomorphic, green, 20-60 cm tall, 1-7 mm in diam. at middle, lower portion of main stem often branched, tufted; internodes 2-10 cm; young whorled branches conspicuous or inconspicuous; main stem 5-20-ridged, ridges arc-shaped abaxially, with a row of tubercles or small light brown cross grains; sheath tubes narrow, up to 1 cm, lower portion grayish green, upper portion usually grayish brown; sheath teeth 5-22, grayish white to light or blackish brown, deltoid, base flat or arc-shaped, margin (sometimes upper part) membranous, caducous or persistent, with conspicuous or inconspicuous stomatal bands. Lateral branches hard, terete, 5-12-ridged; ridge glabrous or with 1 row of tubercles or small pale cross grains; sheath teeth 5-10, upper portion brown, lanceolate, leathery but membranous at margin, usually persistent. Strobilus shortly clavate or ellipsoid, 0.5-2.5 cm, 0.4-0.7 cm in diam. at middle, apex with small acute tip, sessile. 2n = 216.

Forests, forest margins, under bushes, meadows, banks of rivers and streams; sea level to 3600 m. Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kashmir, Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Pakistan, Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, C and SW Asia, Europe, S Pacific islands; introduced in North America].

Reviewer Ralf Knapp notes that both subspecies of Equisetum ramosissimum are present in Taiwan but that the exact distribution (both regional and elevational) is currently insufficiently known. The highest known population in Taiwan is ca. 1650 m for subsp. ramosissimum, which on average appears to grow at higher elevations than subsp. debile.

Source eFloras.org