《中国植物志》|| 毛茛科 RANUNCULACEAE ||圆叶乌头系 Ser. Rotundifolia Steinb. ||船盔乌头 Aconitum naviculare (Brühl) Stapf

23．船盔乌头 滂噶尔（西藏藏族）图版34：3-4
Aconitum naviculare (Bruhl.) Stapf in Ann. Bot. Gard. Calc. 10: 154, pl. 101. 1905; 西藏常用中草药164, 图159. 1971. ——A. ferox var. naviculare Bruhl in Ann. Bot. Gard. Calc. 5: 111, pl. 3, f. 2-14. 1896.
块根小，胡萝卜形或纺锤形，长0.8-1.5厘米。茎高5-30（-45）厘米，下部无毛，上部疏被反曲而紧贴的短柔毛，不分枝或下部分枝。基生叶有长柄；叶片似甘青乌头，肾状五角形或肾形，长1-2厘米，宽1.4-3厘米，三裂近中部，中央裂片菱状倒梯形，侧裂片斜扇形，不等二裂近中部，表面疏被短柔毛，背面无毛；叶柄长2.5-14厘米，无毛，基部具不明显的鞘。茎生叶1-3枚，稀疏排列，具较短柄。总状花序有1-5花；轴和花梗被反曲的短柔毛；下部苞片叶状，其他苞片线形；下部花梗长2.5-6厘米，上部的长约2厘米；小苞片生花梗近顶部处或与花邻接，线形，长6-7毫米，宽0.5-1毫米；萼片堇色或紫色，外面疏被短柔毛，上萼片船形，自基部至喙长约1.6厘米，宽约5毫米，下缘稍凹或近直，侧萼片长约1.6厘米，花瓣无毛，爪细长，瓣片小，长约2.5毫米，唇长约1.5毫米，微凹，距近头形，长约1毫米，稍向前弯；花丝疏被短毛，全缘或有2小齿；心皮5，子房疏被短柔毛。蓇葖长1-1.2厘米；种子倒金字塔形，长约2毫米，生横膜翅。9月开花。
在我国产西藏南部。生海拔3200-5000米间山坡草地或灌丛中。在锡金及不丹也有分布。
本种块根是常用的藏药之一，毒性较小。拉萨一带的藏医用船盔乌头的块根或地上部分治疗流感、肝炎、天花、麻疹等症。
《西藏常用中草药》图159是船盔乌头的图，《药学学报》12卷1期，图版5有船盔乌头的照片，均可参考。

《Flora of China》|| Ranunculaceae || Aconitum ||船盔乌头 Aconitum naviculare

26. Aconitum naviculare (Brühl) Stapf, Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta). 10: 154. 1905.

船盔乌头 chuan kui wu tou

Aconitum ferox Wallich var. naviculare Brühl, Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 5: 111. 1896.

Caudex carrot-shaped or fusiform, small, 0.8--1.5 cm. Stem 5--30(--45) cm tall, simple or basally branched, basally glabrous, apically sparsely retrorse and appressed pubescent. Basal leaves long petiolate; petiole 2.5--14 cm, glabrous, base without distinct sheath; leaf blade reniform-pentagonal or reniform, 1--2 × 1.4--3 cm, abaxially glabrous, adaxially sparsely pubescent, 3-parted nearly to middle; central lobe rhombic-obtrapezoid; lateral lobes obliquely flabellate, unequally 2-fid nearly to middle. Cauline leaves 1--3, shortly petiolate. Inflorescence 1--5-flowered; rachis and pedicels retrorse pubescent; proximal bracts leaflike, others linear. Proximal pedicels 2.5--6 cm, distal ones ca. 2 cm, with 2 distal bracteoles or bordering flower, bracteoles linear, 6--7 × 0.5--1 mm. Sepals violet or purple, abaxially sparsely pubescent; lower sepals ca. 1 cm; lateral sepals ca. 1.6 cm; upper sepal navicular, ca. 1.6 cm from base to beak, lower margin slightly concave or suberect. Petals glabrous; claw slender; limb small, ca. 2.5 mm; lip ca. 1.5 mm, slightly concave; spur ± headlike, ca. 1 mm, slightly concave. Stamens sparsely pubescent; filaments sparsely pubescent, entire or 2-denticulate. Carpels 5, sparsely pubescent. Follicles 1--1.2 cm. Seeds obpyramidal, ca. 2 mm. Fl. Sep.

Scrub forests, grassy slopes; 3200--5000 m. S Xizang [Bhutan, Sikkim].