KINGDOM:Plantae || PHYLUM:Tracheophyta || CLASS:Magnoliopsida || ORDER:Austrobaileyales || FAMILY:木兰科 Schisandraceae || GENUS: 五味子属 Schisandra
《中国植物志》|| 木兰科 MAGNOLIACEAE ||少蕊五味子亚属 Subgen. Maximowiczia (Rupr.) Law ||五味子 Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill.
5. 五味子（本草纲目） 图版72: 12-20
Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. Hist. Pl. 1: 148. 1868-1869; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 5: 147. 1924; Forbs et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 25: 25. p. p. 1886.陈嵘, 中国树木分类学305.图229. 1937; A. C. Smith in Sargentia 7: 136. f. 24. 1947; 裴鉴、周太炎, 中国药用植物志5: 图222. 1957; 东北木本植物图志249. 图版90. 154, 1958; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 800.图1600. 1972.图622. 1976; 中草药通讯8 (3): 35.图1. 1977; 山东经济植物志1: 图126; 河南植物志1: 520.图672. 1981; 中草药通讯13 (1): 40. 1982, 中国树木志1: 534.图187. 1983.——Kadsura chinensis Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscoua 7: 149. 1837. ——Maximowiczia chinensis Rupr. ex Maxim. in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. Sav. Etrang. 9: 31. t. 1. 1859——Schisandra chinensis var. typica Nakai Fl. Sylv. Kor. 20: 105. 1933.
落叶木质藤本，除幼叶背面被柔毛及芽鳞具缘毛外余无毛；幼枝红褐色，老枝灰褐色，常起皱纹，片状剥落。叶膜质，宽椭圆形，卵形、倒卵形，宽倒卵形，或近圆形，长 (3) 5-10 (14) 厘米，宽 (2) 3-5 (9) 厘米，先端急尖，基部楔形，上部边缘具胼胝质的疏浅锯齿，近基部全缘；侧脉每边3-7条，网脉纤细不明显；叶柄长1-4厘米，两侧由于叶基下延成极狭的翅。雄花：花梗长5-25毫米，中部以下具狭卵形、长4-8毫米的苞片，花被片粉白色或粉红色，6-9片，长圆形或椭圆状长圆形，长6-11毫米，宽2-5.5毫米，外面的较狭小；雄蕊长约2毫米，花药长约1.5毫米，无花丝或外3枚雄蕊具极短花丝，药隔凹入或稍凸出钝尖头；雄蕊仅5 (6) 枚，互相靠贴，直立排列于长约0.5毫米的柱状花托顶端，形成近倒卵圆形的雄蕊群；雌花：花梗长17-38毫米，花被片和雄花相似；雌蕊群近卵圆形，长2-4毫米，心皮17-40，子房卵圆形或卵状椭圆体形，柱头鸡冠状，下端下延成1-3毫米的附属体。聚合果长1.5-8.5厘米，聚合果柄长1.5-6.5厘米；小浆果红色，近球形或倒卵圆形，径6-8毫米，果皮具不明显腺点；种子1-2粒，肾形，长4-5毫米，宽2.5-3毫米，淡褐色，种皮光滑，种脐明显凹入成U形。花期5-7月，果期7-10月。
产于黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、河北、山西、宁夏、甘肃、山东。生于海拔1 200
-1 700米的沟谷、溪旁、山坡。也分布于朝鲜和日本。模式标本采自于我国东北部。
为著名中药，其果含有五味子素 (Schisandrin C23H3206）及维生素C、树脂、鞣质及少量糖类。有敛肺止咳、滋补涩精、止泻止汗之效。其叶、果实可提取芳香油。种仁含有脂肪油，榨油可作工业原料、润滑油。茎皮纤维柔韧，可供绳索。
华中五味子 S. sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils. 常被误认为本种作为中药五味子代用品。除花特征外，本种的叶通常中部以上最宽，叶背侧脉及中脉被柔毛；外果皮具不明显的腺点，种子较大等可以识别。
| Chinese name | Vernacular name | Plant | Ethnic group | Use | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 五味子 | 五味子 | 五味子 Schisandra chinensis (Turcz. ) Baill. | Korean medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《朝药志》 |
| 五味子 | 五味子 | 五味子 Schisandra chinensis (Turcz. ) Baill. | Korean medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《图朝药》 |
| 五味子 | 夏山特拉 | 五味子 Schisandra chinensis (Turcz. ) Baill. | Uyghur medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《维药志》 |
| 五味子 | 孙扎木炭，山花招 | 五味子 Schisandra chinensis (Turcz. ) Baill. | Manchu medicine | Ethnomedicinal | |
| 五味子 | 达智 | 五味子 Schisandra chinensis (Turcz. ) Baill. | Tibetan medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《藏本草》 |
| 五味子 | 达折合 | 五味子 Schisandra chinensis (Turcz. ) Baill. | Tibetan medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《中国藏药》 |
| 五味子 | 乌拉勒.吉嘎纳，达迪日益格 | 五味子 Schisandra chinensis (Turcz. ) Baill. | Mongolian medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《蒙药》 |
| 五味子 | 小壮骨风，刚针昌 | 五味子 Schisandra chinensis (Turcz. ) Baill. | Miao medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《湘蓝考》 |
| 五味子 | Nginoq qiroi shi | 五味子 Schisandra chinensis (Turcz. ) Baill. | Jingpo medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《德宏药录》、《德民志》 |
| 五味子 | 刮加毒 | 五味子 Schisandra chinensis (Turcz. ) Baill. | Achang medicine | Ethnomedicinal | 《德宏药录》、《德民志》 |
| 鳖甲散 | 肾沥汤 | 八风散 | 九虏散 | 葶苈子十五昧丸 | 桑根白皮六昧丸 |
| 昆布丸 | 秦椒丸 | 白薇丸 | 秦艽散 | 增损肾沥汤 | 八风散 |
| 硫黄散 | 柏子仁丸 | 羊肉杜仲汤 | 内补石斛秦艽散 | 坐导药 | 吉祥丸 |
| 杏仁汤 | 肾沥汤 | 肾沥汤 | 膏髓酒 | 龙骨丸 | 安中汤 |
| 茯神汤 | 秦艽散 | 增损禹余粮丸 | 款冬花散 | 肾沥汤 | 七子散 |
| Plant name | Local name | Family | Life form | Part used | Folk use | Voucher | Locality | Ethnic group | Region |
|---|
| Title | Authors | Journal | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| [Current distribution of Schisandra chinensis in China and its predicted responses to climate change]. | Hu, Li-Le; Zhang, Hai-Ying; Qin, Ling; Yan, Bo-Qian | Ying yong sheng tai xue bao = The journal of applied ecology | |
| Population Characteristics of Wild Schisandra chinensis in the Northeast of China and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors | Yan Boqian; Luo Zunlan; Hu Lile | Research of Environmental Sciences | 2013 |
| Current knowledge of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. (Chinese magnolia vine) as a medicinal plant species: a review on the bioactive components, pharmacological properties, analytical and biotechnological studies | Szopa, Agnieszka; Ekiert, Radoslaw; Ekiert, Halina | PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS | MAY 2017 |
| Differentiation of Schisandra chinensis and Schisandra sphenanthera using metabolite profiles based on UPLC-MS and GC-MS | Guo, Zhiyong; Zhao, Aihua; Chen, Tianlu; Xie, Guoxiang; Zhou, Mingmei; Qiu, Mingfeng; Jia, Wei | NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH | 2012 |
| From the traditional Chinese medicine plant Schisandra chinensis new scaffolds effective on HIV-1 reverse transcriptase resistant to non-nucleoside inhibitors | Xu, Lijia; Grandi, Nicole; Del Vecchio, Claudia; Mandas, Daniela; Corona, Angela; Piano, Dario; Esposito, Francesca; Parolin, Cristina; Tramontano, Enzo | JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY | APR 2015 |
| Schisandra chinensis extract decreases chloroacetaldehyde production in rats and attenuates cyclophosphamide toxicity in liver, kidney and brain | Zhai, Jianxiu; Zhang, Feng; Gao, Shouhong; Chen, Li; Feng, Ge; Yin, Jun; Chen, Wansheng | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JAN 10 2018 |
| A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of drug-drug interaction between ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rb1 and schizandrin after intravenous administration to rats | Zhan, Shuyu; Guo, Wenjing; Shao, Qing; Fan, Xiaohui; Li, Zheng; Cheng, Yiyu | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAR 14 2014 |
| Schisandra chinensis extract ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver via inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress | Jang, Min-Kyung; Nam, Jeong Soo; Kim, Ji Ha; Yun, Ye-Rang; Han, Chang Woo; Kim, Byung Joo; Jeong, Han-Sol; Ha, Ki-Tae; Jung, Myeong Ho | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JUN 5 2016 |
| Effects of Schisandra chinensis Baillon (Schizandraceae) on lipopolysaccharide induced lung inflammation in mice | Bae, Hyunsu; Kim, Ranah; Kim, Youngeun; Lee, Euijeong; Kim, Hye Jin; Jang, Young Pyo; Jung, Sung-Ki; Kim, Jinju | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JUN 26 2012 |
| Improvement of Cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction by Schisandra chinensis stems via anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis effects | Li, Yan-Zi; Ren, Shen; Yan, Xiao-Tong; Li, Hui-Ping; Li, Wei; Zheng, Bing; Wang, Zi; Liu, Ying-Ying | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | SEP 2017 |
| Yakammaoto inhibited human coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4)-induced airway and renal tubular injuries by preventing viral attachment, internalization, and replication | Yen, Ming Hong; Lee, Jia Jung; Yeh, Chia Feng; Wang, Kuo Chih; Chiang, Ya Wen; Chiang, Lien Chai; Chang, Jung San | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | FEB 12 2014 |
| Multifaceted interaction of the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Schisandra chinensis with cytochrome P450-mediated drug metabolism in rats | Wang, Baolian; Yang, Shuang; Hu, Jinping; Li, Yan | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | SEP 29 2014 |
| Antifungal activity of 40 TCMs used individually and in combination for treatment of superficial fungal infections | Yang, Fengqin; Ding, Shuqin; Liu, Wei; Liu, Junwen; Zhang, Wei; Zhao, Qipeng; Ma, Xueqin | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | APR 2 2015 |
| Mechanistic understanding of the effect of Dengzhan Shengmai capsule on the pharmacokinetics of clopidogrel in rats | Chen, Xinmeng; Zhao, Zhongxiang; Chen, Yibei; Gou, Xiaoli; Zhou, Ziyi; Zhong, Guoping; Cai, Yefeng; Huang, Min; Jin, Jing | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | NOV 4 2016 |
| Anti-inflammatory activity of the Tongmai Yangxin pill in the treatment of coronary heart disease is associated with estrogen receptor and NF-kappa B signaling pathway | Fan, Yadong; Liu, Jianwei; Miao, Jing; Zhang, Xiaoyu; Yan, Yiqi; Bai, Liding; Chang, Jun; Wang, Ying; Wang, Li; Bian, Yuhong; Zhou, Huifang | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | AUG 10 2021 |
| In vitro anti-Helicobacter pylori action of 30 Chinese herbel medicines used to treat ulcer diseases | Li, Y; Xu, C; Zhang, QA; Liu, JY; Tan, RX | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | APR 26 2005 |
| Effect of Alpinia oxyphylla-Schisandra chinensis herb pair on inflammation and apoptosis in Alzheimer''s disease mice model | Qi, Yu; Cheng, Xinhui; Jing, Huiting; Yan, Tingxu; Xiao, Feng; Wu, Bo; Bi, Kaishun; Jia, Ying | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JUN 12 2019 |
| Shegan-Mahuang Decoction ameliorates asthmatic airway hyperresponsiveness by downregulating Th2/Th17 cells but upregulating CD4+FoxP3+Tregs | Lin, Cheng-Chuang; Wang, Yuan-Yuan; Chen, Si-Min; Liu, Yun-Tao; Li, Ji-Qiang; Li, Fang; Dai, Jie-Chen; Zhang, Tong; Qiu, Feifei; Liu, Huazhen; Dai, Zhenhua; Zhang, Zhong-De | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAY 10 2020 |
| Effects of Schisandra chinensis extract on the relaxation of isolated human prostate tissue and smooth muscle cell | Choo, Seoi Ho; Sung, Hyun Hwan; Chae, Mee Ree; Kang, Su Jeong; Han, Deok Hyun; Park, Jong Kwan; So, Insuk; Lee, Sung Won | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | AUG 22 2015 |
| Schisandra chinensis fruit extract attenuates albuminuria and protects podocyte integrity in a mouse model of streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy | Zhang, Mianzhi; Liu, Miao; Xiong, Min; Gong, Junbo; Tan, Xiaoyue | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAY 7 2012 |
| Raw and wine processed Schisandra chinensis attenuate anxiety like behavior via modulating gut microbiota and lipid metabolism pathway | Song, Yonggui; Shan, Baixi; Zeng, Sufen; Zhang, Jie; Jin, Chen; Liao, Zhou; Wang, Tingting; Zeng, Qiang; He, Hongwei; Wei, Fengqin; Ai, Zhifu; Su, Dan | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | FEB 10 2021 |
| Gender-dependent pharmacokinetics of lignans in rats after single and multiple oral administration of Schisandra chinensis extract | Xu, Haiyan; Gan, Jingjing; Liu, Xiaohong; Wu, Ruiyang; Jin, Yi; Li, Mi; Yuan, Bo | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | MAY 2 2013 |
| Effects of unprocessed versus vinegar-processed Schisandra chinensis on the activity and mRNA expression of CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4 enzymes in rats | Su, Tao; Mao, Chunqin; Yin, Fangzhou; Yu, Zhiling; Lin, Ying; Song, Yu; Lu, Tulin | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | APR 19 2013 |
| Effect of nigranoic acid on Ca2+ influx and its downstream signal mechanism in NGF-differentiated PC12 cells | Yuan, Xiao-Xi; Yang, Li-Ping; Yang, Zhong-Lin; Xiao, Wei-Lie; Sun, Han-Dong; Wu, Gui-Sheng; Luo, Huai-Rong | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | SEP 2013 |
| Antitussive activity of the Schisandra chinensis fruit polysaccharide (SCFP-1) in guinea pigs models | Zhong, Shan; Liu, Xiao-dong; Nie, Yi-chu; Gan, Zhen-yong; Yang, Li-qi; Huang, Chu-qin; Lai, Ke-fang; Zhong, Nan-shan | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | APR 3 2019 |
| The effects of lignan-riched extract of Shisandra chinensis on amyloid-beta-induced cognitive impairment and neurotoxicity in the cortex and hippocampus of mouse | Jeong, Eun Ju; Lee, Hee Kyoung; Lee, Ki Yong; Jeon, Byung Ju; Kim, Dae Hyun; Park, Jin-Ho; Song, Joo-Ho; Huh, Jungmoo; Lee, Jong-Hwan; Sung, Sang Hyun | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JUL 1 2015 |
| Polysaccharide from Schisandra chinensis acts via LRP-1 to reverse microglia activation through suppression of the NF-kappa B and MAPK signaling | Xu, Mengjie; Wang, Jinyu; Zhang, Xiaoying; Yan, Tingxu; Wu, Bo; Bi, Kaishun; Jia, Ying | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | JUN 28 2020 |
| Lignans from Schisandra chinensis ameliorate alcohol and CCl4-induced long-term liver injury and reduce hepatocellular degeneration via blocking ETBR | Xu, Jin-Biao; Gao, Guang-Chun; Yuan, Ming-Jing; Huang, Xuan; Zhou, Hong-Yu; Zhang, Yang; Zheng, Ya-Xin; Wu, Zhe; Feng, Jun-Miao; Wu, Ji-Ming | JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY | AUG 10 2020 |
| Phenolic acid and flavonoid production in agar, agitated and bioreactor-grown microshoot cultures of Schisandra chinensis cv. Sadova No. 1-a valuable medicinal plant | Szopa, Agnieszka; Klimek-Szczykutowicz, Marta; Kokotkiewicz, Adam; Dziurka, Michal; Luczkiewicz, Maria; Ekiert, Halina | JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY | NOV 10 2019 |
| Plant polysaccharides used as immunostimulants enhance innate immune response and disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in fish | Wang, Erlong; Chen, Xia; Wang, Kaiyu; Wang, Jun; Chen, Defang; Geng, Yi; Lai, Weimin; Wei, Xianchao | FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY | AUG 22 2015 |
| EST-SSR markers development and application in an important medicinal plant,Schisandra chinensis(Schisandraceae) | Shi, Guangli; Li, Shuang; Wang, Zhenxing; Sun, Dan; Zhang, Susu; Guo, Jianhui; Ai, Jun | BIOTECHNOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT | JAN 1 2020 |
| Characteristic and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Complete Chloroplast Genomes of Three Medicinal Plants of Schisandraceae | Zhang, Dachuan; Wang, Jiahao; Xu, Liang; Xing, Yanping; Zhang, Tingting; Li, Shengnan; Yang, Yanyun; Bao, Guihua; Ao, Wuliji; Kang, Tingguo | BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL | OCT 17 2020 |
| Population genetic differentiation of Schisandra chinensis and Schisandra sphenanthera as revealed by ISSR analysis | Sun, Ye; Wen, Xiangying; Huang, Hongwen | BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMATICS AND ECOLOGY | MAY 2017 |
| Phytochemical and biotechnological studies on Schisandra chinensis cultivar Sadova No. 1-a high utility medicinal plant | Szopa, Agnieszka; Klimek-Szczykutowicz, Marta; Kokotkiewicz, Adam; Maslanka, Anna; Krol, Agata; Luczkiewicz, Maria; Ekiert, Halina | APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY | JUN 2018 |
| Identification of medicinal plant Schisandra chinensis using a potential DNA barcode ITS2 | Li, Xian-kuan; Wang, Bing; Han, Rong-chun; Zheng, Yan-chao; Yin, Hai-bo Yin; Xu, Liang; Zhang, Jian-kui; Xu, Bao-li | ACTA SOCIETATIS BOTANICORUM POLONIAE | JAN 30 2021 |
| Fungal diversity in rhizosphere soil of medicinal plants in Heilongjiang Province | Mu Dongyan; Lu Guozhong; Sun Xiaodong; Wang Na; Zhao Zhihui | Acta Ecologica Sinica | 2013 |
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