《中国植物志》|| 唇形科 LABIATAE ||香青兰系 Ser. Foetidae Schischk. ||香青兰 Dracocephalum moldavica L.

12.香青兰（中国经济植物志，下册）摩眼子（辽宁），山薄荷（吉林），蓝秋花、玉米草、香花子（河北），臭仙欢、臭蒿、青蓝（山西），野青兰（陕西），青兰（甘肃）
Dracocephalum moldavica Linn. Sp. Pl. 595. 1753; ed. 2: 830. 1762; Pall. Reise 3: t. 18. 1776; Lanik. Ill. t. 513, f. 1. 1793; Benth. Labiat. Gen. et Sp. 496. 1834, et in DC. Prodr. 12: 401. 1848; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. 3: 388. 1849; Turcz. Fl. Baical. -Dahur. 2 (1): 409. 1856; Franch. Pl. David. 1: 239. 1884; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 665. 1885 "moldavicum"; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 292. 1890; Palibin in Act. Hort. Petrop. 14: 136. 1895; Komarov in Act. Hort. Petrop. 25: 356. 1907; Dunn in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 6: 169. 1915; Diels in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. Beih. 12: 477. 1912; Liu, Chihli Fl. 150. 1928; Kudo in Mem. Fac. Sci. Agr. Taihoku Univ. 2: 242. 1929; Hand. -Mazz. in Act. Hort. Gotbob. 9: 78. 1934; Schischk. in Fl. URSS 20: 463. 1954.
一年生草本，高（6-）22-40厘米；直根圆柱形，径2-4.5毫米。茎数个，直立或渐升，常在中部以下具分枝，不明显四棱形，被倒向的小毛，常带紫色。基生叶卵圆状三角形，先端圆钝，基部心形，具疏圆齿，具长柄，很快枯萎；下部茎生叶与基生叶近似，具与叶片等长之柄，中部以上者具短柄，柄为叶片之1/2-1/4以下，叶片披针形至线状披针形，先端钝，基部圆形或宽楔形，长1.4-4厘米，宽0.4-1.2厘米，两面只在脉上疏被小毛及黄色小腺点，边缘通常具不规则至规则的三角形牙齿或疏锯齿，有时基部的牙齿成小裂片状，分裂较深，常具长刺。轮伞花序生于茎或分枝上部5-12节处，占长度3-11厘米，疏松，通常具4花；花梗长3-5毫米，花后平折；苞片长圆形，稍长或短于萼，疏被贴伏的小毛，每侧具2-3小齿，齿具长2.5-3.5毫米的长刺。花萼长8-10毫米，被金黄色腺点及短毛，下部较密，脉常带紫色，2裂近中部，上唇3浅裂至本身1/4-1/3处，3齿近等大，三角状卵形，先端锐尖，下唇2裂近本身基部，裂片披针形。花冠淡蓝紫色，长1.5-2.5（-3）厘米，喉部以上宽展，外面被白色短柔毛，冠檐二唇形，上唇短舟形，长约为冠筒的1/4，先端微凹，下唇3裂，中裂片扁，2裂，具深紫色斑点，有短柄，柄上有2突起，侧裂片平截。雄蕊微伸出，花丝无毛，先端尖细，药平叉开。花柱无毛，先端2等裂。小坚果长约2.5毫米，长圆形，顶平截，光滑。
产黑龙江，吉林，辽宁，内蒙古，河北，山西，河南，陕西，甘肃及青海；生于干燥山地、山谷、河滩多石处，海拔220-1600米（青海至2700米）。苏联西伯利亚，东欧，中欧，南延至克什米尔地区均有分布。模式标本采自苏联。
全株含芳香油，据国外报道含油量在0.01-0.17%，油的主要成分为柠檬醛25-68%，香叶醇80%，橙花醇7%。
本种植物植株高矮，叶的形状大小及花萼花冠的长度亦有相当大的变异。我国所产多为植株较高，花较大的类型，但亦有植株矮小而花小或较大的。看来，Dracoce-phalum foetidum Bunge （in Fl. Alt. 2：368．1830）与本种的区别不是稳定的。由于未见到许多的蒙古和苏联西伯利亚的材料，暂不归并。

《Flora of China》|| Lamiaceae || Dracocephalum ||香青兰 Dracocephalum moldavica

12. Dracocephalum moldavica Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 595. 1753.

香青兰 xiang qing lan

Herbs annual. Stems numerous, (6-)22-40 cm, erect or ascending, minutely retrorse hairy, purplish. Basal cauline leaves withering early; petiole as long as blade, shorter upward; leaf blade ovate-triangular, base cordate, margin remotely crenate, apex rounded; upper blades lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 1.4-4 × 0.4-1.2 cm, yellow glandular, veins sparsely minute hairy, base rounded to broadly cuneate, margin triangular-dentate or sparsely serrate, with basal teeth sometimes lobelike, apex long spiny, obtuse. Verticillasters 4-flowered, loose, in 5-12 upper nodes of stems and branches; bracts oblong, shorter to slightly longer than calyx, margin 2- or 3-spinescent-denticulate, with spines 2.5-3.5 mm, sparsely appressed hairy. Pedicel 3-5 mm, horizontal after anthesis. Calyx 8-10 mm, golden glandular, pubescent especially basally, purple veined, 2-lipped to 1/2 its length; upper lip teeth divisions 1/4-1/3 of lip, teeth subequal, triangular-ovate, apex acute. Corolla bluish purple, 1.5-2.5 (-3) cm, dilated beyond throat, white pubescent outside; upper lip short navicular, ca. 1/4 as long as tube; middle lobe of lower lip dark purple spotted. Nutlets oblong, ca. 2.5 mm, apex truncate, smooth.

Dry hills, stony riverbanks, valleys; 200-2700 m. Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi [India, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan; Europe]

Source of an essential oil, sometimes cultivated.