《中国植物志》|| 罂粟科 PAPAVERACEAE ||角茴香属 Hypecoum L. ||角茴香 Hypecoum erectum L.

1.角茴香（中国种子植物科属辞典）咽喉草、麦黄草、黄花草、雪里青（河南），直立角茴香（西藏植物志），细叶角茴香（中药大辞典）图版15：4-6
Hypecoum erectum L. Sp. pl. ed. 1: 124. 1753; DC. Prodr. l: 124. 1824; Franch. Pl. David. 27. 1884; Fedde in Engl. Pflanzenr. 4: 97. 1909; in Engl. et Prantl Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2/17b: 72, fig. 26. L. 1936; Fl. URSS 7: 577, pl. 5: a-b. 1963;中国高等植物图鉴2: 9,图1747. 1972;秦岭植物表1 (2): 366. 1974; 内蒙古植物志2: 285, 图版149. 1978; 湖北植物志2: 10, 图691. 1979; 东北草本植物志4: 13, 图版7. 1980;新疆植物检索表2: 332. 1980; 西藏植物志2: 242, 图82: 4-5. 1985;河南植物志2: 9,图722. 1989.——Chiazospermum erectum (L.) Bernh. in Linn. 8: 465. 1833.
一年生草本，高15-30厘米。根圆柱形，长8-15厘米，向下渐狭，具少数细根。花茎多，圆柱形，二歧状分枝。基生叶多数，叶片轮廓倒披针形，长3-8厘米，多回羽状细裂，裂片线形，先端尖；叶柄细，基部扩大成鞘；茎生叶同基生叶，但较小。二歧聚伞花序多花；苞片钻形，长2-5毫米。萼片卵形，长约2毫米，先端渐尖，全缘；花瓣淡黄色，长1-1.2厘米，无毛，外面2枚倒卵形或近楔形，先端宽，3浅裂，中裂片三角形，长约2毫米，里面2枚倒三角形，长约1厘米，3裂至中部以上，侧裂片较宽，长约5毫米，具微缺刻，中裂片狭，匙形，长约3毫米，先端近圆形；雄蕊4,长约8毫米，花丝宽线形，长约5毫米，扁平，下半部加宽，花药狭长圆形，长约3毫米；子房狭圆柱形，长约1厘米，粗约0.5毫米，花柱长约1毫米，柱头2深裂，裂片细，向两侧伸展。蒴果长圆柱形，长4-6厘米，粗1-1.5毫米，直立，先端渐尖，两侧稍压扁，成熟时分裂成2果瓣。种子多数，近四棱形，两面均具十字形的突起。花果期5-8月。
产东北、华北和西北等地，生于海拔400-1200（-4500）米的山坡草地或河边砂地。蒙古和俄罗斯西伯利亚有分布。
全草入药，有清火解热和镇咳之功效。治咽喉炎、气管炎、目赤肿痛及伤风感冒。

《Flora of China》|| Papaveraceae || Hypecoum ||角茴香 Hypecoum erectum

1. Hypecoum erectum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 124. 1753.

角茴香 jiao hui xiang

Chiazospermum erectum (Linnaeus) Bernhardi; Hypecoum millefolium H. Léveillé & Vaniot.

Herbs, winter annual, very glaucous. Cotyledons linear. Leaves very numerous; petiole 1-3 cm, vaginate at base; blade oblanceolate, 4-11 × 0.8-2.5 cm, 2 or 3 × pinnate with deeply divided segments; ultimate lobes linear to setaceous, 1-3 mm. Flowering stalks usually several (up to 20) from rosette, usually regular dichasia, but sometimes branched below terminal dichasium, eventually with numerous flowers; first flower produced 5-15 cm from base; whole dichasium (from base to ultimate flower) with widely divergent branches, reaching 10-40 cm when fruiting; bracts/bracteoles paired, lower ones leaflike, ca. 3 × ternately divided into setaceous lobes, progressively smaller and less divided upward on dichasium. Sepals rather long persistent, ovate, ca. 2 mm, margin entire, apex acuminate. Petals yellow, sometimes with darker spots or streaks; outer petals 10-12 × 10-19 mm, 3-lobed with broad rounded lateral lobes and smaller triangular mid-lobe; inner petals 3-parted to ca. 1/2; lateral lobes broadly oblong; middle lobe elliptic, base truncate, shortly stalked, margin slightly denticulate. Capsule erect, 4-6 cm × ca. 1 mm, slightly flattened, dehiscent with 2 valves. Seeds 30-40, blackish, sharply rectangular, ca. 1 mm, slightly flattened, both sides with a cross-shaped elevation. Fl. and fr. Apr-Oct. 2n = 16.

Slopes, grasslands, riversides, gravel sands; 400-1200(-4500) m. Gansu, Heilongjiang, Hubei, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Xinjiang [Mongolia, Russia (Siberia)].

The flowers are wide open in the morning, then closing and slightly nodding in the afternoon.