《中国植物志》|| 木通科 LARDIZABALACEAE ||木通属 Akebia Decne. ||木通 Akebia quinata (Houtt.) Decne.

1．木通 山通草（神农本草经），野木瓜（救荒本草），通草、附支（本经），丁翁（吴普本草），附通子、丁年藤（和汉药考），万年藤（药性本草），山黄瓜（山东），野香蕉、五拿绳（浙江），羊开口、野木瓜、八月炸藤、活血藤、海风藤　图版2：1
Akebia quinata (Houtt.) Decne. in Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 1: 195, t. 13a. 1839; Sieb. et Zucc. Fl. Jap. 1: 143, t. 77. 1841; Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 33: t. 28. 1847; Moore in Journ. Bot. 16: 137. 1878; Franch. in Now. Arch. Mus. Paris ser. 2, 5: 177. 1882; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 30. 1886; Diels in Bot. Jahrb. 29: 344. 1900; Gagnep. in Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Paris 14: 69. 1908; Rehd. et Wils. in Sargent. Pl. Wils. 1: 347. 1913; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Alb. 5: 137. 1927, 8: 107. 1927, 9: 42. 1928; Chun in Sunyatsenia 1: 232. 1934; Cheng in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China 8: 289. 1933, 9: 272. 1934; Takenoshin, Fl. Sylvat. Koreans 21: 41. 1936; Merr. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 19: 339. 1938; T. Shimizu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 14: 202. 1961; 湖北植物志 1: 379. 1976; 安徽植物志 2: 355. 1986; 四川植物志 8: 112. 1989; 浙江植物志 2: 300. 1992; H. N. Qin in Cathaya 8-9: 53. 1997. ——Rajania quinata Houtt. in Nat. Hist. Dier. Pl. Min. 2: 366, pl. 35, fig. 1. 1779; Thunb. in Nov. Act. Reg. Soc. Sci. Upsal. 4: 40. 1783, et Fl. Jap. 148. 1784.——Akebia quinata f. viridiflora Makino in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 16: 182. 1902; T. Shimizu in Quart. Journ Taiwan Mus. 14: 202. 1961.——A. quinata var. diplochlamys Makino in Journ. Jap. Bot. 7: 376. 1931.——A. quinata f. diplochlamys (Makino) T. Shimizu, l. c. ——A. quinata var. yechi Cheng in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China Bot. ser. 8: 289. 1933.——A. quinata var. polyphylla Nakai, Fl. Sylv. Kor. 21: 44. 1936; 秦岭植物志 1 (2) : 303. 1974; 四川植物志 8: 112. 1989; 浙江植物志 2: 301. 1992.——A. guinata f. polyphylla (Nakai) Hiyama in Journ. Jap. Bot. 36: 246. 1961.——A. micrantha Nakai, Fl. Sylv. Kor. 21: 44. 1936.
落叶木质藤本。茎纤细，圆柱形，缠绕，茎皮灰褐色，有圆形、小而凸起的皮孔；芽鳞片覆瓦状排列，淡红褐色。掌状复叶互生或在短枝上的簇生，通常有小叶5片，偶有3-4片或6-7片；叶柄纤细，长4.5-10厘米；小叶纸质，倒卵形或倒卵状椭圆形，长2-5厘米，宽1.5-2.5厘米，先端圆或凹入，具小凸尖，基部圆或阔楔形，上面深绿色，下面青白色；中脉在上面凹入，下面凸起，侧脉每边5-7条，与网脉均在两面凸起；小叶柄纤细，长8-10毫米，中间1枚长可达18毫米。伞房花序式的总状花序腋生，长6-12厘米，疏花，基部有雌花1-2朵，以上4-10朵为雄花；总花梗长2-5厘米；着生于缩短的侧枝上，基部为芽鳞片所包托；花略芳香。雄花：花梗纤细，长7-10毫米；萼片通常3有时4片或5片，淡紫色，偶有淡绿色或白色，兜状阔卵形，顶端圆形，长6-8毫米，宽4-6毫米；雄蕊6（7），离生，初时直立，后内弯，花丝极短，花药长圆形，钝头；退化心皮3-6枚，小。雌花：花梗细长，长2-4（5）厘米；萼片暗紫色，偶有绿色或白色，阔椭圆形至近圆形，长1-2厘米，宽8-15毫米；心皮3-6（9）枚，离生，圆柱形，柱头盾状，顶生；退化雄蕊6-9枚。果孪生或单生，长圆形或椭圆形，长5-8厘米，直径3-4厘米，成熟时紫色，腹缝开裂；种子多数，卵状长圆形，略扁平，不规则的多行排列，着生于白色、多汁的果肉中，种皮褐色或黑色，有光泽。花期4-5月，果期6-8月。
产于长江流域各省区。生于海拔300-1500米的山地灌木丛、林缘和沟谷中。日本和朝鲜有分布。
茎、根和果实药用，利尿、通乳、消炎，治风湿关节炎和腰痛；果味甜可食，种子榨油，可制肥皂。

《Flora of North America》|| Lardizabalaceae || Akebia || Akebia quinata

1. Akebia quinata (Houttuyn) Decaisne, Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. 1: 195, fig. 1(a-c). 1839.

Chocolate-vine, five-leaf

Rajania quinata Houttuyn, Nat. Hist. 11: 366, plate 75, fig. 1. 1779

Plants , deciduous to semi-evergreen, climbing to 12 m, glabrous. Leaves: petiole 1.6-12.5 cm; leaflets mostly 5, petiolules 0.2-2.2 cm, blades oblong to ovate-elliptic, 0.7-8.2 × 0.4-4.2 cm, base rounded, margins entire, apex retuse. Inflorescences pendent, 4.5-12 cm; pedicel with basal bracts. Flowers fragrant. Staminate flowers 4-15 per inflorescence, 1.2-1.6 cm diam.; sepals oblong to ovate or elliptic, 5-9 mm; stamens 4-5 mm. Pistillate flowers (0-)1-5 per inflorescence, 2-3 cm diam.; sepals elliptic to ovate or nearly orbiculate, 10 16­mm; pistils 3-7, 1 or more maturing. Follicles glaucous, violet to dark purple, oblong, 5-15 cm. Seeds black, ovoid, embedded in whitish pulp.

Flowering spring, fruiting fall (Sep-Oct). Waste places, open woodlands; 0-400 m; introduced; Conn., Ga., Ind., Ky., Md., Mass., Mich., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., Va., W.Va.; native, Asia.

No specimens are known from Rhode Island.

A fast-growing, invasive vine whose aggressiveness may at times approach that of Lonicera japonica , Akebia quinata is occasionally planted as an ornamental; it is of more botanical than horticultural interest. A greenish to whitish flowered variant, known from Asia, is cultivated in North America. The edible, though allegedly insipid, fruits are apparently uncommon in cultivation; cross pollination appears to be necessary for their development (C. S. Sargent 1891).

《Flora of China》|| Lardizabalaceae || Akebia ||木通 Akebia quinata

1. Akebia quinata (Houttuyn) Decaisne, Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. 1: 195, fig. 1(a-c). 1839.

木通 mu tong

Rajania quinata Houttuyn, Nat. Hist. 11: 366. 1779; Akebia micrantha Nakai; A. quinata var. polyphylla Nakai; A. quinata var. yiehii W. C. Cheng.

Woody climbers, deciduous. Stems grayish brown, slender, cylindric; lenticels prominent, small, orbicular. Winter bud outer scales imbricate, pale red-brown. Petiole slender, 4.5--10 cm; petiolules slender, 0.8--1.5(--2.5) cm; leaflets (3--)5(--7), obovate to obovate-elliptic, papery, abaxially glaucous, adaxially dark green, base rounded to broadly cuneate, apex rounded and usually emarginate and cuspidate; lateral leaflets 2--5 × 1.5--2.5 cm; terminal leaflet 2.5--5(--7) cm. Racemes fascicled, 6--12 cm; bracts imbricate, scaly; peduncle ca. 2.5 cm, axillary on short branches. Flowers slightly fragrant. Male flowers: 4--8 (--11). Pedicel slender, 7--10 mm. Sepals 3(--5), pale purple, occasionally pale green or white, broadly cucullate-ovate, 6--8 × 4--6 mm, apex rounded. Stamens 6(or 7), straight at first, incurved at length; filaments very short; anthers oblong. Pistillodes 3--6, small. Female flowers: pedicel slender, 2--4(--5) cm. Sepals dark purple, occasionally green or white, broadly elliptic to suborbicular, 1--2 × 0.8--1.5 cm. Staminode 6--9. Carpels 3--6(--9). Fruit purplish at maturity, straight or slightly incurved, oblong to ellipsoid, 5--8 × 3--4 cm. Seeds ovoid-oblong, compressed, pulp white; seed coat brown to black, shiny. Fl. Apr--May, fr. Jun--Aug.

Forest margins along streams, scrub on mountain slopes; 300--1500 m. Anhui, Fujian, Henan, E Hubei, E Hunan, Jiangsu, N Jiangxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].

The roots, stems, and fruits are used medicinally.