中文
Ethnobotany of China

KINGDOM:Plantae || PHYLUM:Tracheophyta || CLASS:Magnoliopsida || ORDER:Garryales || FAMILY:杜仲科 Eucommiaceae || GENUS: 杜仲属 Eucommia

杜仲 Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.

Accepted name Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (Eucommiaceae) WCVP · exact match
Catalogue of Life China 杜仲
Flora treatments

《中国植物志》|| 杜仲科 EUCOMMIACEAE ||杜仲属 Eucommia Oliver ||杜仲 Eucommia ulmoides Oliver

杜仲(中国高等植物图鉴) 图版25
Eucommia ulmoides Oliver l. c.
落叶乔木,高达20米,胸径约50厘米;树皮灰褐色,粗糙,内含橡胶,折断拉开有多数细丝。嫩枝有黄褐色毛,不久变秃净,老枝有明显的皮孔。芽体卵圆形,外面发亮,红褐色,有鳞片6-8片,边缘有微毛。叶椭圆形、卵形或矩圆形,薄革质,长6-15厘米,宽3.5-6.5厘米;基部圆形或阔楔形,先端渐尖;上面暗绿色,初时有褐色柔毛,不久变秃净,老叶略有皱纹,下面淡绿,初时有褐毛,以后仅在脉上有毛;侧脉6-9对,与网脉在上面下陷,在下面稍突起;边缘有锯齿;叶柄长1-2厘米,上面有槽,被散生长毛。花生于当年枝基部,雄花无花被;花梗长约3毫米,无毛;苞片倒卵状匙形,长6-8毫米,顶端圆形,边缘有睫毛,早落;雄蕊长约1厘米,无毛,花丝长约1毫米,药隔突出,花粉囊细长,无退化雌蕊。雌花单生,苞片倒卵形,花梗长8毫米,子房无毛,1室,扁而长,先端2裂,子房柄极短。翅果扁平,长椭圆形,长3-3.5厘米,宽1-1.3厘米,先端2裂,基部楔形,周围具薄翅;坚果位于中央,稍突起,子房柄长2-3毫米,与果梗相接处有关节。种子扁平,线形,长1.4-1.5厘米,宽3毫米,两端圆形。早春开花,秋后果实成熟。
分布于陕西、甘肃、河南、湖北、四川、云南、贵州、湖南及浙江等省区,现各地广泛栽种。在自然状态下,生长于海拔300-500米的低山,谷地或低坡的疏林里,对土壤的选择并不严格,在瘠薄的红土,或岩石峭壁均能生长。
树皮药用,作为强壮剂及降血压,并能医腰膝痛,风湿及习惯性流产等;树皮分泌的硬橡胶供工业原料及绝缘材料,抗酸、碱及化学试剂的腐蚀的性能高,可制造耐酸、碱容量及管道的衬里;种子含油率达27%;木材供建筑及制家具。


Source 中国植物物种信息数据库

Economic plants
Medicinal plants
树皮药用,古方用作强壮药;并治腰膝痛、风湿、习惯性流产及孕妇腰痛等。苏联将本品做成10%或20%浓度的醇浸液内服,对各种类型的高血压症都有良好的效果。
[中国经济植物志133. 杜仲 ( duzhong )]

Rubber and gutta-percha plants
所产的硬橡胶(非弹性橡胶),绝缘性能优异,吸水性极小,是制造海底电缆的重要材料;耐酸、碱、油及化学试剂的腐蚀,适于制造各种耐酸碱容器的衬里,特别是氰氟酸的容器,耐油和输油胶管的材料;对人的齿髓无刺激性,亦可用于补牙;杜仲胶溶液粘着性强,是制造粘着剂的重要材料之一。
树皮入药,为强壮药(见“药用类”,1741页)。木材纹理细致,不挢不裂,宜于制造家具、舟、车,也可作建筑用材。种子可榨油,出油率达27%。
[中国经济植物志6. 杜仲 ( duzhong )]


Plant use records
Chinese name Vernacular name Plant Ethnic group Use Source
杜仲 杜仲 Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. De'ang medicine Ethnomedicinal 《滇省志》
杜仲 Sikjicq 杜仲 Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Jingpo medicine Ethnomedicinal 《德宏药录》
杜仲 牙惹高(德傣) 杜仲 Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Dai medicine Ethnomedicinal 《滇省志》
杜仲 美茶恩,Meix sabt enl,尚美基任(Sangp meix sabt enl) 杜仲 Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Dong medicine Ethnomedicinal 《侗医学》
杜仲 达布桑 杜仲 Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Tibetan medicine Ethnomedicinal
杜仲 达布桑 杜仲 Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Tibetan medicine Ethnomedicinal 《藏本草》
杜仲 萝考洋衣 杜仲 Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Wa medicine Ethnomedicinal
杜仲 杜仲 Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Yi medicine Ethnomedicinal 《哀牢》
杜仲 必梅杜仲 杜仲 Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Shui medicine Ethnomedicinal 《水医药》
杜仲 四共子 杜仲 Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Lisu medicine Ethnomedicinal 《怒江药》


Historical formulas containing this species
Use in historical formulas by period (1915 formulas in total)
Use in historical formulas by periodPre-Qin: 0Pre-QinHan: 11HanWei–Jin & N–S: 44Wei–Jin& N–SSui–Tang & Five Dynasties: 139139Sui–Tang& Five DynastiesSong: 615615SongJin–Yuan: 5959Jin–YuanMing: 546546MingQing: 551551Qing




Wild economic plants of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (field survey)
Plant name Local name Family Life form Part used Folk use Voucher Locality Ethnic group Region

Research papers
Title Authors Journal Date
[Sequence analysis of 25S rDNA from Chinese medicinal plant duzhong Eucommia ulmoides Oliv]. Chen, Y; Qu, L; Zhou, H; Zhang, H Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 1998-Dec
Diversity and ecological distribution of endophytic fungi associated with medicinal plants Sun JianQiu; Guo LiangDong; Zang Wei; Ping WenXiang; Chi DeFu SCIENCE IN CHINA SERIES C-LIFE SCIENCES AUG 2008
Research on Soil Seed Bank Characteristics of Medicinal Plant Communities in Yangxian, Shaanxi Zhang Xiaojiang; Li Fengjiao; Wang Yuying; Hao Wenfang Plant Science Journal 2016
Core microbiome of fungi in the bark of medicinal plant Eucommia ulmoides Dong Chunbo; Yang Juan; Zhang Zhiyuan; Liang Jiandong; Han Yanfeng; Liang Zongqi Mygosystema
Development and characterization of microsatellite markers in Eucommia ulmoides Oliver (Eucommiaceae) Deng, Jianyun; Liu, Yifei; Huang, Hongwen MOLECULAR ECOLOGY NOTES JUN 2006
Studies on a chlorogenic acid-producing endophytic fungi isolated from Eucommia ulmoides Oliver Chen, Xiaomin; Sang, Xiaoxue; Li, Shaohe; Zhang, Shujun; Bai, Linhan JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY MAY 2010
Effect of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino, and Curcuma longa L. on Th1-and Th2-cytokine responses and human leukocyte antigen-DR expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of septic patients Wu, Huang-Pin; Lin, Yin-Ku JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY FEB 1994
Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. bark. attenuates 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neuronal cell death through inhibition of oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells Kwon, Seung-Hwan; Ma, Shi-Xun; Hong, Sa-Ik; Kim, Sun Yeou; Lee, Seok-Yong; Jang, Choon-Gon JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY OCT 25 2018
Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Bark. protects against hydrogen peroxide-induced neuronal cell death in SH-SY5Y cells Kwon, Seung-Hwan; Kim, Min-Jung; Ma, Shi-Xun; You, In-Jee; Hwang, Ji-Young; Oh, Ji-Hwan; Kim, Sun-Yeou; Kim, Hyoung-Chun; Lee, Seok-Yong; Jang, Choon-Gon JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY MAY 7 2012
Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. bark aqueous extract inhibits osteoarthritis in a rat model of osteoarthritis Xie, Guo-Ping; Jiang, Nan; Wang, Sheng-Nan; Qi, Rui-Zhen; Wang, Lei; Zhao, Pei-Ran; Liang, Liang; Yu, Bin JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY NOV 2017
UPLC-MS/MS determination and gender-related pharmacokinetic study of five active ingredients in rat plasma after oral administration of Eucommia cortex extract Hu, Fangdi; An, Jing; Li, Wen; Zhang, Zijia; Chen, Wenxia; Wang, Changhong; Wang, Zhengtao JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY APR 2 2016
Anti-inflammatory effect of Cortex Eucommiae via modulation of the toll-like receptor 4 pathway in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages Koh, Wonil; Shin, Joon-Shik; Lee, Jinho; Lee, In-Hee; Lee, Sang Kook; Ha, In-Hyuk; Chung, Hwa-Jin JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
Investigation into the mechanism of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. based on a systems pharmacology approach Li, Yan; Han, Chunxiao; Wang, Jinghui; Xiao, Wei; Wang, Zhenzhong; Zhang, Jingxiao; Yang, Yinfeng; Zhang, Shuwei; Ai, Chunzhi JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY JAN 10 2014
Chinese herbal medicines promote hippocampal neuroproliferation, reduce stress hormone levels, inhibit apoptosis, and improve behavior in chronically stressed mice Sun, Gao-Ge; Shih, Jui-Hu; Chiou, Shih-Hwa; Hong, Chen-Jee; Lu, Shao-Wei; Pao, Li-Heng JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY DEC 4 2016
Anti-neuroinflammatory effects of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. In a Parkinson''s mouse model through the regulation of p38/JNK-Fosl2 gene expression Fan, Shanshan; Yin, Qingsheng; Li, Dongna; Ma, Jing; Li, Lili; Chai, Shiwei; Guo, Hong; Yang, Zhen JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY OCT 5 2020
Ameliorative effects of Osteo-F, a newly developed herbal formula, on osteoporosis via activation of bone formation Lee, Haesu; Kim, Mi Hye; Choi, La Yoon; Yang, Woong Mo JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY MAR 25 2021
Extract from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. ameliorates arthritis via regulation of inflammation, synoviocyte proliferation and osteoclastogenesis in vitro and in vivo Wang, Jian-Ying; Yuan, Ying; Chen, Xiao-Jun; Fu, Sheng-Guang; Zhang, Lei; Hong, Yan-Long; You, Sheng-Fu; Yang, Yong-Qing JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY DEC 24 2016
The ethanol extract of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. leaves inhibits disaccharidase and glucose transport in Caco-2 cells Zhang, Yanyan; Zhang, Hongxia; Wang, Feng; Yang, Dandan; Ding, Ke; Fan, Junfeng JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY APR 2 2015
Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.: Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of an important traditional Chinese medicine He, Xirui; Wang, Jinhui; Li, Maoxing; Hao, Dingjun; Yang, Yan; Zhang, Chunling; He, Rui; Tao, Rui JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY JAN 10 2014
Paenibacillus eucommiae sp nov., isolated from a traditional Chinese medicinal herbal plant, Eucommia ulmoides Oliver Fang, Xiao-Mei; Su, Jing; Wang, Hao; Zhang, Tao; Zhao, Li-Li; Liu, Hong-Yu; Ma, Bai-Ping; Zhang, Yu-Qin; Yu, Li-Yan INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY APR 2017
Genetic diversity and population structure of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver, an endangered medicinal plant in China Yu, J.; Wang, Y.; Peng, L.; Ru, M.; Liang, Z. S. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015
Enhanced Healthspan in Caenorhabditis elegans Treated With Extracts From the Traditional Chinese Medicine Plants Cuscuta chinensis Lam. and Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Sayed, Shimaa M. A.; Siems, Karsten; Schmitz-Linneweber, Christian; Luyten, Walter; Saul, Nadine FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY FEB 2 2021
Genetic diversity in Eucommia ulmoides (Eucommiaceae), an endangered traditional Chinese medicinal plant Yao, Xiaohong; Deng, Jianyun; Huang, Hongwen CONSERVATION GENETICS DEC 2012
Effects of leachate from understory medicinal plants on litter decomposition and soil enzyme activities of Betula albo-sinensis and Eucommia ulmoides Lu Yupeng; Xu Jiyuan; Zhang Xiaoxi; Wang Boya; Xie Bo; Liu Zengwen Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology 2017
Allelopathic effects of tree-leaf litter on the germination and seedling phase of wheat in inter-planted systems of trees (fruits trees) and grain crops Tian Nan; Liu Zengwen; Li Jun; Shi Tengfei Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture 2013
Microsatellite genetic variation in the Chinese endemic Eucommia ulmoides (Eucommiaceae): implications for conservation Zhang, Jinju; Xing, Chong; Tian, Hua; Yao, Xiaohong BOTANICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY DEC 2013
Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Properties of Eucommia ulmoides: A Review Wang, Chao-Yong; Tang, Li; He, Jian-Wu; Li, Jing; Wang, Yuan-Zhong AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2019
Constituents and pharmacological effects of Eucommia and Siberian ginseng Deyama, T; Nishibe, S; Nakazawa, Y ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA DEC 2001
Isolation,Identification and Antimicrobial Activity of Endophyte Fungi from Medicinal Plant Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.in Qinling Mountain Yang Mingyan; Tian Jia; Ma Yu; Sun Chao; Huang Jihong Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica 2012
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