《中国植物志》|| 卷柏科 SELAGINELLACEAE ||卷柏属 Selaginella P. Beauv. ||卷柏 Selaginella tamariscina (P. Beauv.) Spring

6.卷柏（中国主要植物图说•蕨类植物门）还魂草，九死还魂草 图版22: 1-7
Selaginella tamariscina (P. Beauv.) Spring in Bull. Acad. Brux. 10: 136. 1843: Al－ston in Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 5: 270. 1934, et in Philipp. J. Sci. 58: 363. 1935, etin Bull. Jard. Bot. Btzg. 3 (13): 433. 1935; M. Park, Enum. Kor. Pl. 26. 1949: D. Lee, Fl. Quelp. Isl. 13. 1957: S. H. Fu, Ill. Important Chinese Pl., Pterid. 8, f. 9. 1957; Herb. Pl. Northeast China, 1: 8, f. 9. 1958; Steward, Man. Vasc. Pl. Low. Yangtze Vall. China 24. 1958: Tagawa, Col. Illustr. Jap. Pterid. 19, 256, t. 5, f. 29. 1959: Makino, Ill. Fl. Jap. f. 19. 1961; M. Park, Fl. Kor. Pterid. 244. 1961; Namegata et Sa. Kurata, Enum. Jap. Pterid. 252. 196; Tagawa, Sci. Rep. TohokuUniv. ser. 4, Biol. 310. 1963: Fl. Hainan. 1: 9. 1964: Reed, Index Selaginellarum, inMem. Soc. Brot. 18: 223. 1966: De Vol et H. W. Chen in Taiwania 12: 70, f. 1. 1966: T. Lee, Pterid, Distrib. Kor. 61. 1967; Ic. Corm. Sin. 1: 111, f. 221. 1972; Fl. Tsinling. 2: 18. 1974; M. Park, Ill. Encycl. Fauna et Fl. Kor. vol. 16, Pterid. 119, 422, pl. 2, f. 22 et pl. 20, f. 22. 1975; Seriz., Sci. Rep. Takao Mus. Nat. Hist. 7:7. 1975; Fl. Jiangsu 1: 12, f. 4. 1977; Tagawa et K. Iwats., Fl. Thailand 3 (1): 23.1979; T. Lee, Ill. Fl. Kor. 5. 1980; Fl. Henan 1: 5, f. 5. 1981; T. C. Huang,Spore Fl. Taiwan 18, pl. 10: 4-7; pl. 16: 5. 1981; Fl. Fujian. 1: 11, f. 7. 1982;M. Minaki in Pollen et Spores 26: 451, pl. 13, f. 3-5. 1984; Fl. Intramong. 1: 55,pl. 2, f. 1-5. 1985; Fl. Anhui 1: 25, f. 10. 1986; Fl. Liaoning. 1: 14, pl. 2, f.1-2. 1988; B. D. Liu et al. in Bull. Bot. Res. (Harbin) 9 (3): 114, pl. 4: 8-9.1989; Sa. Kurata et Nakaike, Ill. Pterid. Jap. 6: 212, cum photo, fig. et map. 1990;Fl. Shandong 1: 16, f. 1. 1990; Aur et G. F. Li, Pterid. Heilongjiang 34, f. 9. 1990;P. S. Wang et X. Y. Wang in Guizhou Sci. 9 (3): 228. 1991; K. Iwats.,Ferns Fern Al-lies Japan 51; pl. 8, photo. 1-4. 1992; Fl. Shanxi 1: 15, pl. 1. 1992; Nakaike, NewFl. Jap. Pterid. f. 50. 1992; Fl. Zhejiang 1: 11, f. 1-10. 1993; Fl. Jiangxi 1: 30, f.15. 1993; J. L. Tsai et W. C. Shieh, Fl. Taiwan ed. 2, 1: 56, pl. 13. 1994; J. Z.Wang et J. X. Li, Clav. Pl. Chin. Bor. -Ori. 2nd ed. 22, pl. 3, f. 6. 1995; K.Iwats.,Fl. Jap. 1: 13. 1995; Y. T. Hsieh et M. L. Wang in J. Northwest Univ. (N.S.) 25 (2): 149. 1995; W. T. Lee, Col. Stand. Ill. Kor. Pl. 13, pl. 3, f. 17. 1996;Nakaike in J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Inst. Chiba 4 (2): 119. 1997; P. S. Wang et X. Y.Wang, Pterid. Fl. Guizhou 643. 2001. Lycopodioides tamariscina (P. Beauv.) H.S. Kung, Fl. Sichuan. 6: 62, pl. 18, f. 4-6. 1988; Z. Y. Sun et al. in X. C. Zhanget K. H. Shing, Ching Mern. Vol. 341. 1999. Lycopodium tamariscinum (P.Beauv.) Desv. in Poir in Lam. ; Encycl. Suppl. 3: 540. 1813. ——Stachygynandrumtamariscinum P. Beauv. in Magasin Encycl. 11: 483. 1804, et Prodr. Fam. Aetheog.106. 1805. ——Lycopodium circinale Thunb., Fl. Jap. 341. 1784; D. Don, Prodr.Fl. Nepal. 18. 1825, non L. ex Murray 1774. ——S. veitchii McNab in Trans. Bot.Soc. Edinb. 9: 10, t. 1, f. 1-5. 1867; Warb. in Monsunia 1: 101, in note. 1900;Reed, Index Selaginellarum, in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 232. 1966. ——S. involvens var.veitchii Baker in J. Bot. (Hooker) 22: 375. 1884; Warb. in Monsunia 1: 101. 1900;Makino et Nemoto, Fl. Jap. 125. 1931. ——S. involvens f. minor Milde, Fil. Eur.269. 1867; Miyabe et Kudo, Fl. Hokk. Saghal. 1: 65. 1930; Kitagawa, Lineam. Fl.Manshu 43. 1939; Reed, Index Selaginellarum, in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18 : 133.1966. ——S. japonica Veitch, Fl. et Porn. 137, cum fig. 1877; Reed, Index Selaginel-larum, Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 135. 1966. ——S. christii H. Lev. in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov.Regni Veg. 41: 176. 1902, non Hienon. 1902; Reed, Index Selaginellanum, in Mem. Soc.Brot. 18: 144. 1966. ——S. leveillei Kummerle, Magyar Bot. Lap. 26: 82. 1928; Reed, Index Selaginellarum, in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 144. 1966. ——S. tanzariscinavar. ulanchotensis Ching et W. Wang in T. N. Liou, Herb. Pl. Northeast China, 1: 9, f. 9: 10-12, 69. 1958；Reed, Index Selaginellarum, in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 223. 1966: Fl. Intramong. 1: 55, Pl. 2, f. 6-9. 1985；Aur et G. F. Li, Pterid. Hei－longjiang 34. 1990: Fl. Shandong 1: 17. 1990: J. Z. Wang et S. X. Li, Clav. Pl. Chin. Bor. -Ori. 2nd ed. 22. 1995. ——Lycopodioides tamariscina var. ulanchotensis J. X. Li in X. C. Zhang et K. H. Shing, Ching Mem. Vol. 341. 1999, nom. illeg. ——S. involvens auct. non Spring. Warb. in Monsunia 1: 113. 1900, p. p. quoad pl. Futschau；Hayata, Ic. Pl. Formos. 7: 98, f. 60. 1918.
土生或石生，复苏植物，呈垫状。根托只生于茎的基部，长0.5-3厘米，直径0. 3-1.8毫米，根多分叉，密被毛，和茎及分枝密集形成树状主干，有时高达数十厘米。主茎自中部开始羽状分枝或不等二叉分枝，不呈“之”字形，无关节，禾秆色或棕色，不分枝的主茎高10-20 (-35)厘米，茎卵圆柱状，不具沟槽，光滑，维管束1条；侧枝2-5对，2-3回羽状分枝，小枝稀疏，规则，分枝无毛，背腹压扁，末回分枝连叶宽1. 4-3. 3毫米。叶全部交互排列，二形，叶质厚，表面光滑，边缘不为全缘，具白边，主茎上的叶较小枝上的略大，覆瓦状排列，绿色或棕色，边缘有细齿。分枝上的腋叶对称，卵形，卵状三角形或椭圆形，0.8-2.6毫米×0.4-1.3毫米，边缘有细齿，黑褐色。中叶不对称，小枝上的椭圆形，1.5-2.5毫米×0.3-0.9毫米，覆瓦状排列，背部不呈龙骨状，先端具芒，外展或与轴平行，基部平截，边缘有细齿（基部有短睫毛) ，不外卷，不内卷。侧叶不对称，小枝上的侧叶卵形到三角形或距圆状卵形，略斜升，相互重叠，1.5-2.5毫米×0.5-1.2毫米，先端具芒，基部上侧扩大，加宽，覆盖小枝，基部上侧边缘不为全缘，呈撕裂状或具细齿，下侧边近全缘，基部有细齿或具睫毛，反卷。孢子叶穗紧密，四棱柱形，单生于小枝末端，12-15毫米×1.2-2.6毫米；孢子叶一形，卵状三角形，边缘有细齿，具白边（膜质透明) ，先端有尖头或具芒；大孢子叶在孢子叶穗上下两面不规则排列。大孢子浅黄色；小孢子橘黄色。
产安徽（黄山、霍山、绩溪、金寨、宁国、潜山、青阳、休宁） 、北京、重庆（酉阳、秀山） 、福建（福州、将乐、南靖、南平，莆田、新化、永安） 、贵州（桐梓） 、广西（桂平、桂县、上思、藤县） 、广东（广州、茂名、平远、仁化、深圳、阳江） 、海南（保亭、白沙、儋州） 、湖北（鹤峰、钧县） 、湖南（沅陵、石门、新宁） 、河北（阜平、邯郸、井隆、宽城、涞源、平山、青龙、曲阳、山海关、蔚县、邢台、徐水） 、河南（博爱、辉县、济源、林县、灵宝、卢氏、栾川、洛宁、南召、嵩县、西峡、淅川） 、江苏（海州、江浦、连云港、六合、宁镇、徐州、仪征、宜兴） 、江西（广昌、会昌、井冈山、九江、庐山、南丰、宁都、铅山、武宁、寻乌） 、吉林、辽宁（鞍山、北票、北镇、本溪、长海、大连、丹东、东沟、凤城、抚顺、盖县、桓仁、宽甸、清原、瓦房店、西丰、新宾、普兰店、新民、山由岩、营口、庄河）、内蒙古（巴彦淖尔盟、赤峰市、锡林郭勒盟、兴安盟、哲里木盟）、青海（囊谦、玉树）、陕西（华阴、眉县）、山东（胶东半岛、崂山、蒙山、曲阜、塔山）、四川（广元、泸定）、台湾（高雄、花莲、嘉义、南投、屏东、台北、台东、台中、宜兰）、香港、云南（贡山）、浙江（苍南、东阳、洞头、缙云、乐清、临安、龙泉、磐安、庆元、瑞安、松阳、遂昌、泰顺、天台、温州、武义、仙居、舟山、普陀、诸暨）。常见于石灰岩上，海拔（60-）500-1500(-2100)米。也分布到俄罗斯西伯利亚、朝鲜半岛、日本、印度和菲律宾。模式标本采自印度。

《Flora of China》|| Selaginellaceae || Selaginella ||卷柏 Selaginella tamariscina

9. Selaginella tamariscina (P. Beauvois) Spring, Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles. 10: 136. 1843.

卷柏 juan bai

Stachygynandrum tamariscinum P. Beauvois, Mag. Encycl. 9(5): 483. 1804 ["tamaris sinum"]; Lycopodioides tamariscina (P. Beauvois) H. S. Kung; L. tamariscina var. ulanchotensis (Ching & W. Wang) J. X. Li; Lycopodium apiculatum Desvaux ex Poiret; L. circinale Thunberg (1784), not Linnaeus ex Murray (1774); L. tamariscinum (P. Beauvois) Desvaux ex Poiret; Selaginella apiculata (Desvaux ex Poiret) Hieronymus (1920), not Alderwerelt (1918); S. christii H. Léveillé (1911), not Hieronymus (1902); S. involvens (Swartz) Spring f. minor Milde; S. involvens var. veitchii (McNab) Baker; S. japonica Veitch (1877), not Miquel (1867); S. leveillei Kümmerle; S. tamariscina var. ulanchotensis Ching & W. Wang; S. veitchii McNab.

Plants terrestrial or epilithic, xerophytic, "resurrectional"; stems forming rosette, evergreen or seasonally green, stems and roots entangled forming treelike trunk, 5-15(-45) cm. Rhizophores restricted to base of stem, 0.5-3 cm, rather thick; roots much forked, forming thick massive rootstock, sometimes up to 20 cm or more. Main stems branched at and above middle, pinnately or anisotomously branched, stramineous or brown, stem terete, not sulcate, branches few; primary leafy branches 2-5 pairs, 2 or 3 times pinnately branched, branchlets sparse and regular, leafy branches dorsiventrally flattened, ultimate branches 1.4-3.3 mm wide including leaves. Axillary leaves on branches symmetrical, ovate, ovate-triangular, or elliptic, 0.8-2.6 × 0.4-1.3 mm, base exauriculate, margin denticulate, dark-colored. Dorsal leaves imbricate, asymmetrical, elliptic, 1.5-2.5 × 0.3-0.9 mm, not carinate, base obtuse, not peltate, margin denticulate (shortly ciliolate at base), apex aristate, spreading or parallel to axis. Ventral leaves slightly ascending, overlapping, asymmetrical, ovate to triangular or oblong-ovate, 1.5-2.5 × 0.5-1.2 mm, apex aristate; basiscopic margin subentire, serrate or ciliolate (at base), revolute; acroscopic base enlarged, broader, overlapping stem and branches, margin lacerate or denticulate. Strobili solitary, terminal, compact, tetragonal, 12-15 × 1.2-2.6 mm; sporophylls uniform, white-margined and hyaline, ovate-triangular, margin denticulate, membranous, apex acuminate or aristate; megasporophylls ± randomly distributed on both sides of strobilus; microsporangia transversely elliptic, relatively thick; microspores yellowish orange, megaspores pale yellow.

Common on limestone rocks; (100-)500-1500(-2100) m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Nei Mongol, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, Zhejiang [India, Japan, Korea, Philippines, Russia (Siberia), N Thailand].