《中国植物志》|| 马兜铃科 ARISTOLOCHIACEAE ||管花组 Sect. Siphisia ||广防己 Aristolochia fangchi Y. C. Wu ex L. D. Chow & Hwang

16.广防己 防己、藤防己（广西），防己马兜铃（中国高等植物图鉴）图版52:1-4
Aristolochia fangchi Y. C. Wu ex L. D. Chow et S. M. Hwang in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 13 (1) : 108. f. 19. 1973;中国高等植物图鉴补编1: 252. 图8505. 1982 westlandii auct. non Hemsl.: 中药志1: 246. 图162. 1957.
木质藤本，长达4米；块根条状，长圆柱形，长达15厘米或更长，直径3-4（-7）厘米，外表具不规则纵裂及增厚的木栓层，灰黄色或赭黄色，断面粉白色；嫩枝平滑或具纵棱，密被褐色长柔毛；茎初直立，以后攀援，基部具纵裂及增厚的木栓层。叶薄革质或纸质，长圆形或卵状长圆形，稀卵状披针形，长6-16厘米，宽3-5.5厘米，顶端短尖或钝，基部圆形，稀心形，边全缘，嫩叶上面仅中脉密被长柔毛，其余被毛较稀疏，以后毛全脱落，下面密被褐色或灰色短柔毛，基出脉3条，与第二对侧脉相距较远，侧脉每边4-6条，网脉两面均凸起；叶柄长1-4厘米，上面具槽纹，稍扭曲，密被棕褐色长柔毛。花单生或3-4朵排成总状花序，生于老茎近基部；花梗长5-7厘米，密被棕色长柔毛，常向下弯垂，近基部具小苞片；小苞片卵状披针形或钻形，密被长柔毛，花被管中部急遽弯曲，下部长4-5厘米，直径1-1.5厘米，弯曲处至檐部较下部短而狭，紫红色，外面密被褐色茸毛，内面仅近基部被毛，其余无毛，具明显隆起的纵脉；檐部盘状，近圆形，直径4-6厘米，暗紫色并有黄斑，具明显的网状脉纹，外面密被褐色茸毛，内面无毛，边缘浅3裂，裂片顶端短尖；喉部半圆形，直径约1厘米，白色；花药长圆形，成对贴生于合蕊柱近基部，并与其裂片对生；子房圆柱形，长约1.5厘米，6棱，密被褐色茸毛；合蕊柱粗厚，顶端3裂，裂片边缘外反并具乳头状突起。蒴果圆柱形，长5-10厘米，直径3-5厘米，6棱；种子卵状三角形，长5-7毫米，宽3-4毫米，背面平凸状，边缘稍隆起，腹面稍凹入、中间具隆起的种脊，褐色。花期3-5月，果期7-9月。
产于广东（封开、高要）、广西（容县、玉林、大瑶山）、贵州（独山、长顺）和云南（富宁、西双版纳）。生于海拔500-1000米山坡密林或灌木丛中。模式标本采自广东高要鼎湖山。
块根药用，性寒、味苦涩，有祛风、行水之功效，主治小便不利、关节肿痛、高血压、蛇咬伤等。

《Flora of China》|| Aristolochiaceae || Aristolochia ||广防已 Aristolochia fangchi

19. Aristolochia fangchi Y. C. Wu ex L. D. Chow & S. M. Hwang, Fl. China. 5: 264. 2003.

广防已 guang fang yi

Aristolochia fangchi Y. C. Wu ex L. D. Chow & S. M. Hwang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 13(2): 108. 1975 (includes Latin diagnosis), nom. inval.

Shrubs climbing. Stems terete, obscurely striate, villous. Petiole 1-4 cm, densely brown villous; leaf blade oblong to ovate-oblong, rarely ovate-lanceolate, 6-16 × 3.5-5 cm, leathery, abaxially densely brown or gray pubescent, adaxially villous along veins, veins pinnate, 4-6 pairs, base rounded, apex acute or obtuse. Racemes on old woody stems, 2-4-flowered, 4-6 cm. Pedicel 5-7 cm, pendulous, densely villous; bractlets subulate, 3-8 × ca. 1 mm. Calyx purple with yellow blotches, throat white; tube horseshoe-shaped, abaxially densely villous; basal portion of tube 40-50 × 8-10 mm; limb subrotund-peltate, 4-6 cm in diam., shallowly 3-lobed; lobes equal, acute. Anthers oblong, 4-5 mm. Gynostemium 3-lobed. Capsule 5-10 × 3-5 cm, dehiscing basipetally. Seeds ovoid-deltoid, 5-7 × 3-4 mm. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jul-Sep.

* Dense forests, thickets, on slopes; 500-1000 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou.

When originally published (Chow and Hwang, loc. cit.), this name was invalid under Art. 8.1 and 37 of the St. Louis Code because two types were indicated (one flowering, one fruiting). The flowering specimen has here been chosen as the holotype because the flower is much more clearly diagnostic in this genus than the fruit. The specific epithet is derived from the vernacular name.

This species is used medicinally.