《中国植物志》|| 唇形科 LABIATAE ||野芝麻亚族 Subtrib Lamiinae Briq ||药水苏属 Betonica Linn.

50．药水苏属——Betonica Linn.
Linn. Sp. Pl. 573. 1753——Stachys Linn. Sect. II Betonica Benth. Labiat. Gen. et Sp. 526-532. 1834.
多年生草本，直立，被疏柔毛。叶宽卵圆形或披针形，基生叶及下部茎叶具长柄，先端锐尖或钝，基部常为深心形，苞叶近于无柄，边缘均具粗大规则的圆齿。轮伞花序多花，多数密集成顶生穗状花序，间或最下方有远离的轮伞花序；小苞片与花萼等长或在外方者比花萼长。花萼管状钟形，5脉，齿5，等大，直伸，具硬刺尖，内面喉部无毛。花冠筒圆柱形，与花萼等长或常常十分伸出于花萼，内面无柔毛环，直伸或略下弯，喉部稀增大，冠檐二唇形，上唇内凹，全缘或微缺，下唇开张，3裂，中裂片较大，先端钝或微缺。雄蕊4，平行，上升至上唇片之下，前对较长，花后稀在喉部侧向弯曲，药室近于平行。花柱丝状，先端近相等2浅裂。花盘平顶。小坚果顶端钝圆或几截平。
约15种，主要分布于温带欧洲至近东。我国偶见栽培的有1种。

《Flora of China》|| Lamiaceae || ||药水苏属 Betonica

46. Betonica Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 573. 1753.

药水苏属 yao shui su shu

Herbs erect, perennial, pilose. Basal leaves long petiolate; leaf blade broadly ovate to lanceolate, base strongly cordate, margin coarsely crenate. Verticillasters many flowered, in terminal spikes; floral leaves sessile; bracteoles at least as long as calyx. Calyx tubular-campanulate, 5-veined, hairy, glabrous at throat inside; teeth 5, equal, straight, rigidly spinescent. Corolla cylindric, at least as long as calyx, 2-lipped, without hairy annulus inside, straight or slightly curved downward, rarely dilated at throat; upper lip concave, margin entire or emarginate; lower lip spreading, 3-lobed; middle lobe longer than lateral lobes, obtuse to emarginate. Stamens 4, parallel, ascending to underside of upper lip of corolla; anterior stamens longer, rarely curved laterally at throat after anthesis; anther cells 2, subparallel. Style apex subequally 2-cleft. Nutlets rounded to subtruncate.

About 15 species: SW Asia, Europe; one species cultivated in China.

Many workers consider Betonica to be synonymous with Stachys.