《中国植物志》|| 禾本科 GRAMINEAE ||芨芨草属 Achnatherum Beauv. ||醉马草 Achnatherum inebrians (Hance) Keng ex Tzvelev

9．醉马草（基尔氏：华英字典）
Achnatherum inebrians (Hance) Keng,禾本科图说593.图529. 1959; 中国高等植物图鉴5: 118.图7065. 1976 comb. illeg. ——Stipa inebrians Hance in Journ. Bot. Brit. et For. 14: 212. 1876.
多年生。须根柔韧。秆直立，少数丛生，平滑，高60-100厘米，径2.5-3.5毫米，通常具3-4节，节下贴生微毛，基部具鳞芽。叶鞘稍粗糙，上部者短于节间，叶鞘口具微毛；叶舌厚膜质，长约1毫米，顶端平截或具裂齿；叶片质地较硬，直立，边缘常卷折，上面及边缘粗糙，茎生者长8-15厘米，基生者长达30厘米，宽2-10毫米。圆锥花序紧密呈穗状，长10-25厘米，宽1-2.5厘米；小穗长5-6毫米，灰绿色或基部带紫色，成熟后变褐铜色，颖膜质，几等长，先端尖常破裂，微粗糙，具3脉；外稃长约4毫米，背部密被柔毛，顶端具2微齿，具3脉，脉于顶端汇合且延伸成芒，芒长10-13毫米，一回膝曲，芒柱稍扭转且被微短毛，基盘钝，具短毛，长约0.5毫米；内稃具2脉，脉间被柔毛；花药长约2毫米，顶端具毫毛。颖果圆柱形，长约3毫米。花果期7-9月。
产内蒙古、甘肃、宁夏、新疆、西藏、青海、四川西部。多生于高草原、山坡草地、田边、路旁、河滩，海拔1700-4200米。模式标本采自贺兰山。
本种有毒，牲畜误食时，轻则致疾、重则死亡。在青藏高原3000-4200米的草原上，有时形成极大的群落。

《Flora of China》|| Poaceae || Achnatherum ||醉马草 Achnatherum inebrians

14. Achnatherum inebrians (Hance) Keng ex Tzvelev, Rast. Tsentr. Azii. 4: 40. 1968.

醉马草 zui ma cao

Stipa inebrians Hance, J. Bot. 14: 212. 1876.

Perennial, tussocky. Culms erect, (40–)60–100 cm tall, 2.5–4 mm in diam., 3–4-noded, nodes dark, puberulous below. Leaf sheaths smooth; leaf blades linear, flat or convolute at margins, 8–15(–30) cm, 2–5(–10) mm wide, abaxial surface granular-scaberulous, apex finely acuminate; ligule truncate, 0.5–1.2 mm. Panicle densely contracted, almost spikelike, narrowly oblong in outline, interrrupted below, 10–25 cm; branches up to 5 per node, erect, densely clothed with spikelets. Spikelets 5–6 mm, gray-green or purplish, tinged bronze at maturity; glumes subequal, lanceolate, 3-veined, asperulous, midrib scabrid, apex acute or obtuse and denticulate; callus acute, ca. 0.5 mm; lemma 4–4.2 mm, firm, dark brown at maturity, pilose, hairs slightly longer upward, increasing to 1.1–1.3 mm around awn base, apex shortly 2-toothed; awn tardily deciduous, stiff, 1–1.3 cm, 1-geniculate, column minutely pubescent, bristle scabrid. Anthers ca. 2 mm, bearded at apex. Fl. and fr. Jul–Sep.

Upland steppes, grassy mountainsides, roadside bordering fields, floodlands; 1700–4200 m. Gansu, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizang [Mongolia].

This grass is reported to cause intoxication in cattle.