中文
Ethnobotany of China

KINGDOM:Plantae || PHYLUM:Tracheophyta || CLASS:Magnoliopsida || ORDER:Lamiales || FAMILY:唇形科 Lamiaceae || GENUS: 夏枯草属 Prunella

夏枯草(变种) Prunella vulgaris L.

Accepted name Prunella vulgaris L. (Lamiaceae) WCVP · exact match
Catalogue of Life China 夏枯草 (differs from the Chinese name in this database)
Flora treatments

《中国植物志》|| 唇形科 LABIATAE ||夏枯草属 Prunella Linn. ||夏枯草 Prunella vulgaris L.

1.夏枯草(本经)麦穗夏枯草、铁线夏枯草(云南丛书,植物名实图考),麦夏枯、铁线夏枯(滇南本草),夕句、乃东(本经),燕面(别录),铁色草(本草纲目),滁州夏枯草(大明一统志,植物学大辞典),牯牛岭(亨利植物名录),丝线吊铜钟(广东),毛虫药(广西龙胜),小本蛇药草(广西融水),土枇杷(四川荣阳),金疮小草(四川青川),羊蹄尖(四川广元),古牛草(四川屏山),灯笼草(四川南川),牛低头(河南西峡、商城)
Prunella vulgaris Linn. Sp. Pl. 600. 1753, excl. varr.; Benth. in DC. Prodr. 12: 410. 1848, " Brunella"; Hance in Journ. Bot. Brit. & For. 20: 38. 1882; Baker et S. Moore in Journ. Linn. Soc. 17: 385. 1879; Franch. Pl. David. 241. 1884; et in Mem. Soc. Sc. Nat. Cherbourg 24: 243. 1884; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 670. 1885; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 299. 1890; Diels in Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 29: 554. 1900; Palibin, Consp. Fl. Korea 2: 29. 1902; Yabe in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 18: 43. 1904; Gilg in Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 34, Beibl. 75: 63. 1904, "Brumella"; Matsum. et Hayata in Journ. Coll. Sci. Univ. Tokyo 22: 314. 1906; Diels in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 6: 115, 245, 314. 1912, 383. 1913; Dunn in ibid. 6: 177. 1915, p. p.; Diels in Rep. Beil. 12: 477: 1922; 钱崇澍, 科学社生物所论文集3: 76. 1927; Liu, Chihli Fl. 152. 1928; Nakai in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 44: 18. 1930; 孙雄才, 科学社生物所论文集7: 29. 1932; Belval in Mus. Heude Notes Bot. Chin. 2: 103. 1933, "Brumella"; Hand. -Mazz. in Act. Hort. Gothob. 9: 80. 1934, Symb. Sin. 7: 919. 1936, et in Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 56 B (3): 458. 1937; H. Smith in Act. Hort. Gothob. 9: 80. 1934; Hao in Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 68: 634. 1938; Murata in Hara, Fl. E. Himal. 281. 1966, in ibid. 2nd Rep. 117. 1971——Prunella vulgaris Linn. var. vulgaris Benth. Labiat. Gen. et Sp. 417. 1834; Makino in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 10: 66. 1896; Matsum. Ind. Pl. Jap. 2(2): 537, 906; Masam. et Kudo in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 26: 297. 1912——Prunella vulgaris Linn. var. elongata Makino, l. c.; Matsum. et Kudo l. c.; Nakai in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 35: 191. 1921——Prunella japonica Makino in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 28: 158. 1914——Prunnella vulgaris Linn. var. japonica Kudo in Journ. Coll. Sci. Univ. Tokyo 43: 23. 1921; Marino in Journ. Jap. Bot. 4: 11. 1927; Kudo in Mem. Fac. Sci. Agr. Taihoku Univ. 2: 249. 1929——Prunella asiatica auct. non Nakai: L. P. King etc. in Icon. Pl. Medic. e libro Tien-Nan-Pen-Tsao Lanmaoano 1: 15-17, pl. 26. 1945; 滇南本草 1: 183-184, cum pl. 1959.
多年生草木;根茎匍匐,在节上生须根。茎高20-30厘米,上升,下部伏地,自基部多分枝,钝四棱形,其浅槽,紫红色,被稀疏的糙毛或近于无毛。茎叶卵状长圆形或卵圆形,大小不等,长1.5-6厘米,宽0.7-2.5厘米,先端钝,基部圆形、截形至宽楔形,下延至叶柄成狭翅,边缘具不明显的波状齿或几近全缘,草质,上面橄榄绿色,具短硬毛或几无毛,下面淡绿色,几无毛,侧脉3-4对,在下面略突出,叶柄长0.7-2.5厘米,自下部向上渐变短;花序下方的一对苞叶似茎叶,近卵圆形,无柄或具不明显的短柄。轮伞花序密集组成顶生长2-4厘米的穗状花序,每一轮伞花序下承以苞片;苞片宽心形,通常长约7毫米,宽约11毫米,先端具长1-2毫米的骤尖头,脉纹放射状,外面在中部以下沿脉上疏生刚毛,内面无毛,边缘具睫毛,膜质,浅紫色。花萼钟形,连齿长约10毫米,筒长4毫米,倒圆锥形,外面疏生刚毛,二唇形,上唇扁平,宽大,近扁圆形,先端几截平,具3个不很明显的短齿,中齿宽大,齿尖均呈刺状微尖,下唇较狭,2深裂,裂片达唇片之半或以下,边缘具缘毛,先端渐尖,尖头微刺状。花冠紫、蓝紫或红紫色,长约13毫米,略超出于萼,冠筒长7毫米,基部宽约1.5毫米,其上向前方膨大,至喉部宽约4毫米,外面无毛,内面约近基部1/3处具鳞毛毛环,冠檐二唇形,上唇近圆形,径约5.5毫米,内凹,多少呈盔状,先端微缺,下唇约为上唇1/2, 3裂,中裂片较大,近倒心脏形,先端边缘具流苏状小裂片,侧裂片长圆形,垂向下方,细小。雄蕊4,前对长很多,均上升至上唇片之下,彼此分离,花丝略扁平,无毛,前对花丝先端2裂,1裂片能育具花药,另1裂片钻形,长过花药,稍弯曲或近于直立,后对花丝的不育裂片微呈瘤状突出,花药2室,室极叉开。花柱纤细,先端相等2裂,裂片钻形,外弯。花盘近平顶。子房无毛。小坚果黄褐色,长圆状卵珠形,长1.8毫米,宽约0.9毫米,微具沟纹。花期4-6月,果期7-10月。
产陕西,甘肃,新疆,河南,湖北,湖南,江西,浙江,福建,台湾,广东,广西,贵州,四川及云南等省区;生于荒坡、草地、溪边及路旁等湿润地上,海拔高可达3000米。欧洲各地,北非,苏联西伯利亚,西亚,印度,巴基斯坦,尼泊尔,不丹,日本(?),朝鲜(?),均广泛分布,澳大利亚及北美洲亦偶见。模式标本采自欧洲。
全株入药,据《滇南本草》记载:“味苦,微辛,性微温,入肝经,祛肝风,行经络。治口眼歪斜,止筋骨疼,舒肝气,开肝郁。治目珠夜(胀)痛,消散瘰疬(周身结核),手足周身节骨酸疼。”


Source 中国植物物种信息数据库

Economic plants
Medicinal plants
花序为利尿药。治淋病有效;并能治高血压和瘰疬疮。
[中国经济植物志326. 夏枯草 ( xiakucao )]


Plant use records
Chinese name Vernacular name Plant Ethnic group Use Source
夏枯草 茴色 夏枯草 Prunella vulgaris L. De'ang medicine Ethnomedicinal 《德宏药录》
夏枯草 冲天炮(chong tian pao) 夏枯草 Prunella vulgaris L. Tujia medicine Ethnomedicinal 《土家药》
夏枯草 夏枯草 夏枯草 Prunella vulgaris L. Medicinal 中国药典2020
. 夏枯草 锐灯笼(贵州铜仁) . 夏枯草 锐灯笼(贵州铜仁) . 夏枯草 锐灯笼(贵州铜仁) Prunella vulgaris L. Miao Ethnomedicinal 中华本草
夏枯草 夏枯草 夏枯草 Prunella vulgaris L. Mongolian Ethnomedicinal 中华本草
夏枯草 夏枯草 夏枯草 Prunella vulgaris L. Medicinal 中华本草


Historical formulas containing this species
Use in historical formulas by period (162 formulas in total)
Use in historical formulas by periodPre-Qin: 0Pre-QinHan: 0HanWei–Jin & N–S: 0Wei–Jin& N–SSui–Tang & Five Dynasties: 66Sui–Tang& Five DynastiesSong: 77SongJin–Yuan: 33Jin–YuanMing: 4646MingQing: 100100Qing




Wild economic plants of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (field survey)
Plant name Local name Family Life form Part used Folk use Voucher Locality Ethnic group Region
Prunella vulgaris L. wagui Lamiaceae Herb Whole plant 饲料; PHO27 Gongshan (Nujiang) Derung Eastern Himalaya

Research papers
Title Authors Journal Date
[Dynamic change of active component content in different parts of Prunella vulgaris]. Wang, Yuxia; Yin, Jinbao; Guo, Qiaosheng; Xiao, Yunhua Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 2011-Mar
Constituent and extractives contents of selected herbal raw materials for traditional Chinese medicine from German experimental cultivation compared to imported materials from Asia Heuberger, H.; Bomme, U.; Gross, J.; Kabelitz, L.; Reif, K.; Schmuecker, R. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ARZNEI- & GEWURZPFLANZEN DEC 2008
Changes in bioactive components related to the harvest time from the spicas of Prunella vulgaris Chen, Yuhang; Guo, Qiaosheng; Zhu, Zaibiao; Zhang, Lixia PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY SEP 2012
Vulgarisin A, a New Diterpenoid with a Rare 5/6/4/5 Ring Skeleton from the Chinese Medicinal Plant Prunella vulgaris Lou, Huayong; Zheng, Shan; Li, Tianlei; Zhang, Jianxin; Fei, Yue; Hao, Xiaojiang; Liang, Guangyi; Pan, Weidong ORGANIC LETTERS MAY 16 2014
Analysis on residues of organochlorine pesticides and heavy metals in planted soil and medicinal materials of Prunella vulgaris Chen Yuhang; Guo Qiaosheng; Zhang Xianxiu; Fang Hailing; Wang Chengya Journal of Plant Resources and Environment 2012
Effect of five Chinese traditional medicinal plants on lowering blood glucose level to mice Li Weilin; Wu Julan; Ren Bingru; Guo Ronglin; Zhou Ailing; Zheng Hanchen Journal of Plant Resources and Environment
Effects of leachates from understory medicinal plants ondecomposition of Pinus tabuliformis litter and soil enzyme activities Xu Jiyuan; Lu Yupeng; Zhang Xiaoxi; Wang Boya; Xie Bo; Liu Zengwen Journal of Northwest A & F University. Natural Science Edition 2018
Screening of traditional Chinese medicinal plants for quorum-sensing inhibitors activity Koh, Khee Hoon; Tham, Foong-Yee JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION APR 2011
Screening out the anti-insomnia components from Prunella vulgaris L. based on plasma pharmacochemistry combined with pharmacodynamic experiments and UPLC-MS/MS analysis Lin, Tian-feng; Qiu, Jun-na; Zhang, Shuang; Zhang, Yan; Zhang, Yu; Sun, Meng; Zhang, Jin-hua; Liu, Bin; Cheng, Fa-feng; Jiang, Yan-yan JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY MAY 4 2014
Structure characterization of two novel polysaccharides isolated from the spikes of Prunella vulgaris and their anticomplement activities Du, Dongsheng; Lu, Yan; Cheng, Zhihong; Chen, Daofeng JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
Apoptogenic activity of 2 alpha,3 alpha-dihydroxyurs-12-ene-28-oic acid from Prunella vulgaris var. lilacina is mediated via mitochondria-dependent activation of caspase cascade regulated by Bcl-2 in human acute leukemia Jurkat T cells Woo, Hyun Ju; Jun, Do Youn; Lee, Ji Young; Woo, Mi Hee; Yang, Chae Ha; Kim, Young Ho JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY JUN 1 2011
Study on the anti-hepatocarcinoma effect and molecular mechanism of Prunella vulgaris total flavonoids Song, Ya-gang; Kang, Le; Tian, Shuo; Cui, Lin-lin; Li, Yan; Bai, Ming; Fang, Xiao-yan; Cao, Li-hua; Coleman, Kimberly; Miao, Ming-san JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY JUN 12 2021
Prunella vulgaris L., an Edible and Medicinal Plant, Attenuates Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Rats Qu, Zhuo; Zhang, Jingze; Yang, Honggai; Gao, Jing; Chen, Hong; Liu, Changxiao; Gao, Wenyuan JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY JAN 18 2017
Effects of leachate from understory medicinal plants on litter decomposition and soil enzyme activities of Betula albo-sinensis and Eucommia ulmoides Lu Yupeng; Xu Jiyuan; Zhang Xiaoxi; Wang Boya; Xie Bo; Liu Zengwen Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology 2017
Effects of Leachates from Understory Medicinal Plants on Decomposition of Populus Purdomii Litters and Soil Enzyme Activity Lu Yupeng; Xu Jiyuan; Zhang Xiaoxi; Wang Boya; Xie Bo; Shi Fei; Liu Zengwen Acta Pedologica Sinica 2017
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