中文
Ethnobotany of China

KINGDOM:Plantae || PHYLUM:Tracheophyta || CLASS:Magnoliopsida || ORDER:Fagales || FAMILY:桦木科 Betulaceae || GENUS: 桤木属 Alnus

旱冬瓜 Alnus nepalensis D.Don

Accepted name Alnus nepalensis D.Don (Betulaceae) WCVP · exact match
Catalogue of Life China 尼泊尔桤木 (differs from the Chinese name in this database)
Flora treatments

《中国植物志》|| 桦木科 BETULACEAE ||桤木组 Sect. 1. Alnus ||尼泊尔桤木 Alnus nepalensis D. Don

1.尼泊尔桤木 旱冬瓜(云南)图版23: 13-15
Alnus nepalensis D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 58. 1825; Regel in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou 38 (2): 421. 1865. et in DC. , Prodr. 16 (2): 181. 1868; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 600. 1888; Franch. in Journ. de Bot. 13: 208. 1899; Burk. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 500. 1899; H. Winkl. in Engler, Pflanzenreich 19 (IV-61): 108. fig. 25. 1904; Callier ex Schneid. , Ill. Handb. Laubhol zk. 2: 889. fig. 555 g. 556 d-f. 1912; Schneid. in Sarg., Pl. Wils. 2: 502. 1916; Diels in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 1: 41. 1912; Hand.-Mazz., Symb. Sinic. 7: 22. 1929; A. Camus in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 5: 1041. fig. 118. 2. 1931; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学 159. 1937; 胡先骕, 中国森林树木图志2: 59.图版23. 1948; Steenis, Fl. Malesiana 5 (2): 207: 1956; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 384.图767. 1972. ——Alnus boshia Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don, l. c. pro synon. ——Alnus nepalensis Wall., Pl. As. Rar. 2: 27. t. 131. 1831. ——Clethropsis nepalensis Spach in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 2. 15: 202. 1841.
乔木,高达15米;树皮灰色或暗灰色,平滑;枝条暗褐色,无毛;幼枝褐色,疏被黄色短柔毛或近无毛;芽具柄,具2枚芽鳞,光滑。叶厚纸质,倒卵状披针形、倒卵形、椭圆形或倒卵状矩圆形,长4-16厘米,宽2.5-10厘米,顶端骤尖或锐尖,较少渐尖,基部楔形或宽楔形,很少近圆形,边缘全缘或具疏细齿,上面绿色,微光亮,无毛,下面粉绿色,密生腺点,幼时疏被长柔毛,以后沿脉被黄色短柔毛,脉腋间具簇生的髯毛,侧脉8-16对;叶柄粗壮,长1-2.5厘米,近无毛。雄花序多数,排成圆锥状,下垂。果序多数,呈圆锥状排列,矩圆形,长约2厘米,直径7-8毫米;序梗短,长2-3毫米;果苞木质,宿存,长约4毫米,顶端圆,具5枚浅裂片;小坚果矩圆形,长约2毫米,膜质翅宽为果的1/2,较少与之等宽。
产于西藏、云南、贵州、四川西南部、广西。生于海拔700-3600米的山坡林中、河岸 阶地及村落中。印度、锡金、不丹、尼泊尔也有;越南、印度尼西亚有栽培。模式标本采自 尼泊尔。


Source 中国植物物种信息数据库

Economic plants
Tannin plants
树皮含鞣质,可提制栲胶。
木材质软,可供作各种家具用;嫩叶经加工揉制后可代茶。
[中国经济植物志54. 蒙自桤木 ( mengzikaimu )]


Plant use records
Chinese name Vernacular name Plant Ethnic group Use Source
旱冬瓜 埋歪,愈疮木 旱冬瓜 Alnus nepalensis D. Don Dai medicine Ethnomedicinal 《版纳傣药》、《傣医药》
旱冬瓜 埋歪(西傣) 旱冬瓜 Alnus nepalensis D. Don Dai medicine Ethnomedicinal 《滇省志》
旱冬瓜 埋危 旱冬瓜 Alnus nepalensis D. Don Dai medicine Ethnomedicinal 《傣药志》
旱冬瓜 埋歪 旱冬瓜 Alnus nepalensis D. Don Dai medicine Ethnomedicinal 《滇药录》
旱冬瓜 Humzhang 旱冬瓜 Alnus nepalensis D. Don Jingpo medicine Ethnomedicinal 《德宏药录》
旱冬瓜 料赶 旱冬瓜 Alnus nepalensis D. Don Jingpo medicine Ethnomedicinal 《滇省志》
旱冬瓜 哥伦吕 旱冬瓜 Alnus nepalensis D. Don De'ang medicine Ethnomedicinal 《德宏药录》
旱冬瓜 急 旱冬瓜 Alnus nepalensis D. Don Lisu medicine Ethnomedicinal 《滇药录》
旱冬瓜 罗斯 旱冬瓜 Alnus nepalensis D. Don Lahu medicine Ethnomedicinal 《滇药录》
旱冬瓜 烂起瓜虐 旱冬瓜 Alnus nepalensis D. Don Miao medicine Ethnomedicinal 《滇药录》



Wild economic plants of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (field survey)
Plant name Local name Family Life form Part used Folk use Voucher Locality Ethnic group Region
Alnus nepalensis D. Don Betulaceae Tree 叶子,果实 饲料; PHO7 Gongshan (Nujiang) Derung Eastern Himalaya

Research papers
Title Authors Journal Date
Effects of tree species on seed germination and seedlings growth of Chinese medicinal herb Gentiana rigescens Zhang, J.; Zhang, J. Y.; Wang, Y. Z.; Yang, S. B.; Yang, M. Q.; Jin, H. ALLELOPATHY JOURNAL APR 2012
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