遏蓝菜 Thlaspi arvense - Ethnobotany of China

KINGDOM:Plantae || PHYLUM:Tracheophyta || CLASS:Magnoliopsida || ORDER:Brassicales || FAMILY:十字花科 Brassicaceae || GENUS: 菥蓂属 Thlaspi

遏蓝菜 Thlaspi arvense L.

Accepted name Thlaspi arvense L. (Brassicaceae) WCVP · exact match

Catalogue of Life China 菥蓂（differs from the Chinese name in this database）

External links POWO WFO IPNI GBIF Catalogue of Life China

Flora treatments

Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae
Flora Yunnanica
Flora of North America
Flora of China

《中国植物志》|| 十字花科 CRUCIFERAE ||菥蓂属 Thlaspi L. ||菥蓂 Thlaspi arvense L.

1. 菥蓂（神农本草经）遏蓝菜（救荒本草，日人误释），败酱草（江苏），犁头草〔陕西）图版17: 1-4
Thlaspi arvense L. Sp. Pl. 646. 1753; Hook. f. et T. Anders. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 162. 1872; Maxim Fl. Tangut. 76. 1889; N. Busch. Fl. Sibir. et Orient. Extr. 1: 110. f. et tab. geogr. 191. 1913; Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 372. 1931; N. Busch in Kom. Fl. URSS 8: 581. 1939; Kitag. Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 245. 1939; T. Y. Cheo in Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 2 (3): 185. 1948; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 569. 1956; 江苏南部种子植物手册313. 图496. 1959; 东北植物检索表118. 图版29. 图5. 1959; Kitamura, Fl. Afghan. 165. 1960; Clapham in T. G. Turin et al. Fl. Europ. 1: 319. 1964; Hedge in Davis, Fl. Turk 1: 331. 1965 et in Rechinger, Fl. Iran. 57: 112. 1968; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 41. 图1812. 1972; Jafri, Fl. West Pakist. 55: 84. t. 2. f. 28. 1973; 秦岭植物志1 (2): 402. 图345 1974; 内蒙古植物志2: 307. 图版160. 图1-7. 1978; Kitag. Neo-Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 340. 1978; 湖北植物志2: 30. 图72. 1979; 东北草本植物志4: 77. 图版43. 1980——Thlaspi arvense L. var. sinuatum Levl. in Mem. Real Acad. Cienc. Art. Barcelona 12: 548. 1916.
一年生草本，高9-60厘米，无毛；茎直立，不分枝或分枝，具棱。基生叶倒卵状长圆形，长3-5厘米，宽1-1.5厘米，顶端圆钝或急尖，基部抱茎，两侧箭形，边缘具疏齿；叶柄长1-3厘米。总状花序顶生；花白色，直径约2毫米；花梗细，长5-10毫米；萼片直立，卵形，长约2毫米，顶端圆钝；花瓣长圆状倒卵形，长2-4毫米，顶端圆钝或微凹。短角果倒卵形或近圆形，长13-16毫米，宽9-13毫米，扁平，顶端凹入，边缘有翅宽约3毫米。种子每室2-8个，倒卵形，长约1.5毫米，稍扁平，黄褐色，有同心环状条纹。花期3-4月，果期5-6月。
分布几遍全国。生在平地路旁，沟边或村落附近。亚洲、欧洲、非洲北部也有分布。模式标本采自欧洲。
种子油供制肥皂，也作润滑油，还可食用；全草、嫩苗和种子均入药，全草清热解毒、消肿排脓；种子利肝明目；嫩苗和中益气、利肝明目；嫩苗用水炸后，浸去酸辣味，加油盐调食。

Source 中国植物物种信息数据库

《云南植物志》|| 十字花科 Cruciferae nom. conserv. ||遏蓝菜属 Thlaspi L. ||遏蓝菜 Thlaspi arvense L.

1.遏蓝菜（救荒本草，植物名实图考误用）图版10，1—6
菥蓂（本草经）
Thlaspi arvense L. (1753); Hook. f. et T. Anders. (1872); Franch. (1886), (1889); Forb. et Hemsl. (1886); Maxim. (1889); N. Busch (1913), in Kom. (1939); Hand. -Mazz. (1931); Kitag. (1939); Cheo (1948); 江苏南部种子植物手册 (1959)*; 东北植物检索表 (1959)*; Kitam. (1960); Clapham (1964); Hedge (1965), (1968); Lauener (1965); Hara (1971), (1979); "图鉴" (1972)*; Jafri (1973)*; 秦岭植物志 (1974)*; 内蒙古植物志 (1978)*; Kitag. (1978); 湖北植物志 (1979)*; 东北草本植物志 (1980); C. Y. Wu (1984); Griers. (1984); K. C. Kuan (1985)*; 中国植物志 (1987); X. L. Yang (1988) .
Thlaspi arvense L. var. smuatum Lévl. (1916).
一年生草本，全体无毛。茎直立，高15—60厘米，具棱，不分枝或分枝。基生叶倒卵状长圆形，长3—5厘米，宽1—1.5厘米，先端钝或急尖，基部楔形，叶柄长1—3厘米；茎生叶无柄，长圆状披针形或倒披针形，长2.5—5厘米，宽1—1.5厘米，先端钝或急尖，基部抱茎，两侧箭形，边缘具疏齿。总状花序伞房状，顶生，果期伸长；花直径约2毫米；花梗细，长5-10毫米；萼片卵形，长约2毫米，宽1毫米，先端钝圆，有膜质边缘；花瓣白色，长圆状倒卵形，长约4毫米，宽1毫米，先端钝或微凹，下部楔形；雄蕊长2—2.5毫米；雌蕊与雄蕊近等长。短角果倒卵形或近圆形，长13—16毫米，宽9—13毫米，扁平，顶端凹入，在凹陷处有极短的花柱，周围有宽约3毫米的翅；种子每室2—8个，倒卵形，长约1.5毫米，稍扁平，黄褐色，有同心环状条纹。花期3—4月，果期5—6月。
产滇中嵩明、武定、江川至西北丽江、中甸、维西、德钦各地，生路旁、沟边或村落附近，海拔2300—3500米；全国各地几遍布。亦见于亚洲、欧洲、非洲北部各地。
全草、嫩苗及种子均供药用，全草清热解毒，消肿排脓；种子利肝明目；嫩苗和中益气，利肝明目；种子油供制肥皂，也作润滑油，还可食用；嫩苗用水炸后，浸去酸辣味，加油盐调食。
《救荒本草》的遏蓝菜实为 Rumex，但本属名沿用已久，不宜更动。

Source 中国植物物种信息数据库

《Flora of North America》|| Brassicaceae || Thlaspi || Thlaspi arvense

1. Thlaspi arvense Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 646. 1753.

Fanweed, field pennycress, stinkweed

Teruncius arvensis (Linnaeus) Lunell

Plants (sometimes glaucous), glabrous throughout. Stems (0.9-)1.5-5.5(-8) dm. Basal leaves not rosulate; petiole 0.5-3 cm; blade oblanceolate, spatulate, or obovate, 1-5 cm × 4-23 mm, base attenuate or cuneate, margins entire, repand, or coarsely dentate, apex rounded. Cauline leaves: blade oblong, (0.5-)1.5-4 (-8) cm × (2-)5-15(-25) mm, apex rounded, obtuse, or subacute. Fruiting pedicels straight or slightly upcurved, (5-)9-13(-15) mm. Flowers: sepals (1.5-) 2-3(-3.3) × 1-1.5 mm; petals (2.4-)3-4.5(-5) × (0.8-) 1.1-1.7 mm, narrowed to clawlike base (ca. 1 mm), apex obtuse or emarginate; filaments (1-)1.5-2.2 mm; anthers 0.3-0.5 mm. Fruits obovate or suborbicular, (0.6-)0.9-2 cm × (5-)7-20 mm, base obtuse or rounded, apex deeply emarginate, notch ca. 5 mm deep; wings broad throughout, 1-1.5 mm wide basally, 3.5-5 mm wide apically; ovules 6-16 per ovary; style 0.1-0.3 mm. Seeds (1.2-)1.6-2(-2.3) × 1.1-1.3 mm, concentrically striate. 2n = 14.

Flowering Mar-Aug. Roadsides, fields, waste places, lawns, gardens, railroad tracks, stream banks, bluffs, thickets, slopes, floodplains, woods; 0-2000 m; introduced; Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.W.T., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Yukon; Ala., Alaska, Ariz., Ark., Calif., Colo., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Mont., Nebr., Nev., N.H., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., N.C., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis., Wyo.; Europe; Asia.

Thlaspi arvense is a cosmopolitan weed of Eurasian origin. Cattle feeding on it develop tainted milk.

SELECTED REFERENCE Best, K. F. and G. K. McIntyre. 1975. The biology of Canadian weeds. 9. Thlaspi arvense L. Canad. J. Pl. Sci. 55: 279-292.

Source eFloras.org

《Flora of China》|| Brassicaceae || Thlaspi ||菥蓂 Thlaspi arvense

1. Thlaspi arvense Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 646. 1753.

菥蓂 xi ming

Thlaspi arvense

Credit: Photo: Al-Shehbaz

Herbs annual, (9-)15-55(-80) cm tall, glabrous throughout, often glaucous, fetid when crushed. Stems erect, simple or branched above. Petiole of basal leaves 0.5-3 cm; leaf blade oblanceolate, spatulate, or obovate, 1-5 × 0.4-2.3 cm, base attenuate or cuneate, margin entire, repand, or coarsely toothed, apex rounded. Middle cauline leaves sessile, oblong, (0.5-)1.5-4(-8) × (0.2-)0.5-1.5(-2.5) cm, base sagittate or auriculate, margin dentate, repand, or entire, apex rounded, obtuse, or subacute. Fruiting pedicels (0.5-)0.9-1.3(-1.5) cm, slender, divaricate, straight or slightly curved upward. Sepals ovate or oblong, (1.5-)2-3(-3.3) × 1-1.5 mm, not saccate, margin white. Petals white, spatulate, (2.4-)3-4.5(-5) × (0.8-)1.1-1.6 mm, narrowed to a clawlike base ca. 1 mm, apex obtuse or emarginate. Filaments (1-)1.5-2 mm; anthers ovate, 0.3-0.5 mm. Ovules 6-16 per ovary. Fruit obovate or suborbicular, (0.6-)0.9-2 × (0.5-)0.7-2 cm, base obtuse or rounded, apex deeply emarginate and apical notch ca. 5 mm deep; wings 1-1.5 mm wide at base, 3.5-5 mm wide apically; style absent or 0.1-0.3 mm. Seeds blackish brown, ovoid, (1.2-)1.6-2(-2.3) × 1.1-1.3 mm, concentrically striate. Fl. and fr. Mar-Oct. 2n = 14*.

Roadsides, grassy slopes, fields, waste places; 100-5000 m. Throughout China except Guangdong, Hainan, and Taiwan [Afghanistan, Bhutan, India, Japan, Kashmir, Kazakhstan, Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Russia, Sikkim, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; Africa, SW Asia; introduced in Australia, North and South America].

This species is a cosmopolitan weed used as a medicinal plant and a source of oil. Cattle feeding on the plant develop tainted milk.

Source eFloras.org

Economic plants

Medicinal plants

种子有明目、治目痛泪出、除痹、补五脏、益精气的效能；茎叶有和中益气、利肝明目的效能。
[中国经济植物志124. 菥蓂 ( ximin )]

Oil and fat plants

种子油可制肥皂，也可作润滑油和掺和干性油使用；经四川省卫生厅研究所鉴定，油可供食用。
种子和茎叶供药用（见“药用类”，1734页）。春季采嫩苗或嫩叶以开水煮后，作蔬菜食用。茎叶又可作猪饲料。
[中国经济植物志134. 菥蓂 ( ximin )]

Plant use records

Chinese name	Vernacular name	Plant	Ethnic group	Use	Source
遏蓝菜	俄赛俄	遏蓝菜 Thlaspi arvense L.	Lisu medicine	Ethnomedicinal
遏蓝菜	俄赛俄	遏蓝菜 Thlaspi arvense L.	Lisu medicine	Ethnomedicinal	《怒江药》
遏蓝菜		遏蓝菜 Thlaspi arvense L.	Lisu medicine	Ethnomedicinal	《滇省志》
遏蓝菜	遏兰莱	遏蓝菜 Thlaspi arvense L.	Bai medicine	Ethnomedicinal
遏蓝菜	遏兰莱	遏蓝菜 Thlaspi arvense L.	Bai medicine	Ethnomedicinal	《大理资志》
遏蓝菜	（marneyi）	遏蓝菜 Thlaspi arvense L.	Korean medicine	Ethnomedicinal	《民族药志二》
遏蓝菜	横格日格一额泊斯	遏蓝菜 Thlaspi arvense L.	Mongolian medicine	Ethnomedicinal	《民族药志二》
遏蓝菜	毕日嘎，衡格日格一乌布斯	遏蓝菜 Thlaspi arvense L.	Mongolian medicine	Ethnomedicinal	《蒙药》
遏蓝菜	折嘎	遏蓝菜 Thlaspi arvense L.	Tibetan medicine	Ethnomedicinal
遏蓝菜	折嘎	遏蓝菜 Thlaspi arvense L.	Tibetan medicine	Ethnomedicinal	《民族药志二》

Historical formulas containing this species

Use in historical formulas by period (4 formulas in total)

Wild economic plants of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (field survey)

Plant name	Local name	Family	Life form	Part used	Folk use	Voucher	Locality	Ethnic group	Region
Thlaspi arvense L.	khei-mu	Brassicaceae	Herb	Whole plant	经济(全株)(7)	QTP-EBT-3064	Yadong	Tibetan	Core Himalaya
Thlaspi arvense L.	mang1-zhu1-cei1-ma1	Brassicaceae	Herb	Leaves	食物：蔬菜（13），炒制	QTB-JL-35	Gyirong	Dhaman	Core Himalaya
Thlaspi arvense L.	Mang3-ru1	Brassicaceae	Herb	Leaves	食用：蔬菜（10），熟蔬菜	QTB-JL-35	Gyirong	Tibetan	Core Himalaya
Thlaspi arvense L.	Jucu	Brassicaceae	Herb	叶；种子	种子，晒干并水煮。全株，水煮作为功能性食品。	EBT_DQ_129	Shangri-La	Naxi	Eastern Himalaya
Thlaspi arvense L.	wonx	Brassicaceae	Herb	Whole plant	食用:饲料，蔬菜，保健;利尿	LZY-LJG54	Lijiang	Naxi	Eastern Himalaya

Research papers

Title	Authors	Journal	Date
Anti-inflammatory effect of Man-Pen-Fang, a Chinese herbal compound, on chronic pelvic inflammation in rats	Zhang, Li-Jun; Zhu, Jian-Yong; Sun, Meng-Yao; Song, Ya-Nan; Rahman, Khalid; Peng, Cheng; Zhang, Miao; Ye, Yu-Mei; Zhang, Hong	JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY	SEP 17 2017