《中国植物志》|| 小檗科 BERBERIDACEAE ||淫羊藿属 Epimedium Linn. ||三枝九叶草 Epimedium sagittatum (Sieb. & Zucc.) Maxim.

8.三枝九叶草
Epimedium sagittatum (Sieb. ＆ Zucc.) Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersb. 23: 3 10, 1877; Hance in Journ. Bot. 20: 2, 1882; Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 33: 1 10, 1886; Ito in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 22: 432, 1887; Komarov in Acta Hort. Petrop. 29: 1 34, 1908; Baker in Gard. Chron. N. 5. 13: 683, 1880; Makino in Iinumai 2: 123, t. 44, 1907; Hand.-Mazz. Ｓymb. Sin 7: 325, 1931; Terasaki, Nippon Shokub. Zufu, 153, 1933; Steam in Journ. Linn. S) c. Bot. 51: 505, 1938, et in Kew Bull. 45 (4) : 688, 1990, in clavi; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 764, 图1527, 1972; 秦岭植物志1 (2) : 327, 图280, 1974; Ying in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 13 (2) : 53, 1975; 湖北植物志1: 405, 图571, 1976; 河南植物志1: 499, 图640, 1981; 福建植物志2: 48, 1985; 安徽植物志2: 345, 图654, 1986; 浙江植物志2: 317, 图2-420, 1992. ——Aceranthus sargitatus Sieb. et Zucc. in Abh. Akad. Munch. 4 (2) : 175, pl. 2. 1845. ——A. triphyllus C. Koch in Miq. Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Batav. 1: 253, 1864. ——A. macrophyllus Blume ex C. Koch, loc. cit, 1864. ——Epimedium sinense Sieb. in Miq. Ann. Mus. Lugd . -Batav. 2: 71, 1865. ——E. coactum var. longtouhum H. R. Ling in Acta Phytotax. Sin 28 (4) : 322, 1990. syn. nov.
多年生草本，植株高30-50厘米。根状茎粗短，节结状，质硬，多须根。一回三出复叶基生和茎生，小叶3枚；小叶革质，卵形至卵状披针形，长5-19厘米，宽3-8厘米，但叶片大小变化大，先端急尖或渐尖，基部心形，顶生小叶基部两侧裂片近相等，圆形，侧生小叶基部高度偏斜，外裂片远较内裂片大，三角形，急尖，内裂片圆形，上面无毛，背面疏被粗短伏毛或无毛，叶缘具刺齿；花茎具2枚对生叶。圆锥花序长10-20(-30)厘米，宽2-4厘米，具200朵花，通常无毛，偶被少数腺毛；花梗长约1厘米，无毛；花较小，直径约8毫米，白色；萼片2轮，外萼片4枚，先端钝圆，具紫色斑点，其中1对狭卵形，长约 3.5毫米，宽1.5毫米，另1对长圆状卵形，长约4.5毫米，宽约2毫米，内萼片卵状三角形，先端急尖，长约4毫米，宽约2毫米，白色；花瓣囊状，淡棕黄色，先端钝圆，长1.5-2毫米；雄蕊长3-5毫米，花药长2-3毫米；雌蕊长约3毫米，花柱长于子房。蒴果长约1厘米，宿存花柱长约6毫米。花期4-5月，果期5-7月。
产于浙江、安徽、福建、江西、湖北、湖南、广东、广西、四川、陕西、甘肃。生于山坡草丛中、林下、灌丛中、水沟边或岩边石缝中。海拔200-1750米。模式标本为日本栽培品，很可能引自中国南部。
全草供药用。有补精强壮、祛风湿、治阳痿、关节风湿痛、白带等症。也可作兽药，有强壮牛马性神经及补精的功效，主治牛马阳痿及神经衰弱、歇斯底里等症。

《Flora of China》|| Berberidaceae || Epimedium ||三枝九叶草 Epimedium sagittatum

8. Epimedium sagittatum (Siebold & Zuccarini) Maximo­wicz, Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg. 23: 309. 1877.

三枝九叶草 san zhi jiu ye cao

Herbs, 30-50 cm tall. Rhizome short, stout, nodose, with numerous fibrous roots. Leaves basal and cauline, trifoliolate; leaflets ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 5-19 × 3-8 cm, leathery, abaxially sparsely strigose or glabrous, adaxially glabrous, base deeply or shallowly cordate, apex acute or acuminate, terminal leaflet with equal rounded lobes or oblong, lateral leaflets oblique with outer lobe large, deltoid and acute, inner lobe smaller and rounded, margin closely spinulose-subserrulate. Flowering stem with 2 opposite trifoliolate leaves. Panicle 10-20(-30) × 2-4 cm, 20-60-flowered, sometimes with lower peduncles 3-flowered, usually glabrous, occasionally scarcely glandular pubescent. Pedicel ca. 1 cm, glabrous. Flowers white or yellow, ca. 8 mm or less in diam. Outer sepals 4, purple spotted, apex blunt, outer pair narrowly ovate, ca. 3.5 × 1.5 mm, inner pair oblong-ovate, ca. 4.5 × 2 mm; inner sepals white, ovate-deltoid, ca. 4 × 2 mm, apex acute. Petals brownish yellow, saccate, 1.5-4 mm, blunt. Stamens prolonged, 3-5 mm; anthers 2-3 mm. Pistil ca. 3 mm; style longer than ovary. Capsules ca. 1 cm; style ca. 6 mm. Fl. (unknown in var. glabratum) Apr-May, fr. (Apr-)May-Jul. 2n = 12*.

● Forests, weedy places on slopes, thickets, streamsides, rock crevices; 200-1800 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang.