《中国植物志》|| 木兰科 MAGNOLIACEAE ||五味子族 Trib. SCHISANDREAE DC. ||五味子属 Schisandra Michx.
2. 五味子属 Schisandra Michx.
Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 218. 1803.
木质藤本，小枝具叶柄的基部两侧下延而成纵条纹状或有时呈狭翅状；有长枝和由长枝上的腋芽长出的距状短枝。芽单独腋生或二枚并生或多枚集生于叶腋或短枝顶端；芽鳞6-8枚，覆瓦状排列，外芽鳞三角状半圆形，常宿存，内芽鳞长圆形或圆形，通常早落，有时宿存。叶纸质，边缘膜质下延至叶柄成狭翅，叶肉具透明点；叶痕圆形，稍隆起，维管束痕3点。花单性，雌雄异株，少有同株，单生于叶腋或苞片腋，常在短枝上，由于节间密，呈数朵簇生状，少有同一花梗有2-8朵花呈聚伞状花序；花被片5-12(20)，通常中轮的最大，外轮和内轮的较小；雄花：雄蕊5-60枚，花丝细长或短，或贴生于花托上而无花丝；药隔狭窄或稍宽，两药室平行或稍分开；雄蕊群长圆柱形、短圆柱形、卵圆形、球形或肉质球形、扁球形；很少花丝与药隔均宽阔，放射状排列成扁平五角星形的雄蕊群。雌花：雌蕊12-120枚，离生，螺旋状紧密排列于花托上，受粉后花托逐渐伸长而变稀疏；柱头侧生于心皮近轴面，末端钻状或形成扁平的柱头冠，柱头基部下延成附属体；胚珠每室2 (3) 颗，叠生于腹缝线上。成熟心皮为小浆果，排列于下垂肉质果托上，形成疏散或紧密的长穗状的聚合果。种子2 (3)粒或有时仅1粒发育，肾形，扁椭圆形或扁球形，种脐明显，通常U形，种皮淡褐色，脆壳质，光滑或具皱纹或瘤状凸起；胚小，弯曲，胚乳丰富，油质。
约30种，主产于亚洲东部和东南部，仅1种产美国东南部。我国约有19种，南北各地均有。
本属多数种类药用，茎皮纤维柔韧，可作绳索。茎、叶、果实可提取芳香油。
本属模式种：S. glabra (Brickell) Rehd. (S. coccinea Michx.)
Source 中国植物物种信息数据库
《云南植物志》|| 五味子科 Schisandraceae nom. conserv. ||五味子科 Schisandraceae nom. conserv. ||五味子属 Schisandra Michx.
2.五味子属 Schisandra Michx.
木质藤本，小枝具叶柄的基部两侧下延而成纵条纹状或有时呈狭翅状；有长枝和由长枝上的腋芽长出的距状短枝。芽单独腋生或二枚并生或多枚集生于叶腋或短枝顶端；芽鳞6—8枚，覆瓦状排列，外芽鳞三角状半圆形，常宿存，内芽鳞长圆形或圆形，通常早落，有时宿存。叶纸质，边缘膜质，下延至叶柄成狭翅，叶肉具透明点；叶痕圆形，稍隆起，维管束痕3点。花单性，雌雄异株，少有同株，单生于叶腋或苞片腋，常在短枝上，由于节间密，呈数朵簇生状，少有同一花梗有2—8朵花呈聚伞状花序；花被片5—12（20），通常中轮的最大，外轮和内轮的较小；雄花：雄蕊5—60枚，花丝细长或短，或贴生于花托上而无花丝；药隔狭窄或稍宽，两药室平行或稍分开；雄蕊群长圆柱形、短圆柱形、卵圆形、球形或肉质球形、扁球形：很少花丝与药隔均宽阔，放射状排列成扁平五角星形的雄蕊群。雌花：雌蕊12—120枚，离生，螺旋状紧密排列于花托上，受粉后花托逐渐伸长而变稀疏；柱头侧生于心皮近轴面，末端钻状或形成扁平的柱头冠，柱头基部下延成附属体；胚珠每室2（3）颗，叠生于腹缝线上。成熟心皮为小浆果，排列于下垂肉质果托上，形成疏散或紧密的长穗状的聚合果。种子2（3）粒或有时仅1粒发育，肾形，扁椭圆形或扁球形，种脐明显，通常 U 形，种皮淡褐色，脆壳质，光滑或具皱纹或瘤状凸起；胚小，弯曲，胚乳丰富，油质。
约30种，主产于亚洲东部和东南部，仅1种产美国东南部。我国约有19种，南北各地均有。云南约有11种。
本属多数种类药用，茎皮纤维柔韧，可作绳索。茎、叶、果实可提取芳香油。
Source 中国植物物种信息数据库
《Flora of China》|| Schisandraceae || ||五味子属 Schisandra
2. Schisandra Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 218. 1803.
五味子属 wu wei zi shu
Vines, woody, glabrous or with trichomes, dioecious or monoecious. Leaf blade elliptic, ovate, or obovate, papery to leathery, base cuneate to broadly cuneate and often decurrent on petiole, margin denticulate or entire, apex acute to acuminate. Flowers unisexual, axillary to bracts or leaves, generally solitary (sometimes paired or clustered in Schisandra propinqua and S. plena). Tepals 5-20. Staminate flowers: stamens 4-60, ± distinct or partially to fully connate to form a fleshy synandrium; pollen 3- or 6-colpate, distally syncolpate. Pistillate flowers: carpels 12-120, distinct; stigmatic crest forming a subulate "pseudostyle," lacking "pseudostigma"; ovary with 2(or 3) ventrally attached ovules. Fruit aggregates of apocarps; receptacle elongate; apocarps ripening red or rarely blackish, ellipsoid to obovoid. Seeds (1 or)2(or 3), smooth to rugulose.
Twenty-two species: E and SE Asia, one species in North America; 19 species (12 endemic) in China.
Most of the species of this genus are medicinal. The fibers are used to make rope. The stems, leaves, and fruit are used to extract volatile oil.
Source eFloras.org
《Flora of North America》|| Schisandraceae || || Schisandra
1. Schisandra Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 218. 1803.
Star-vine [Greek schisis, splitting, and andro, male]
Shrubs , twining. Leaves remote on long shoots, close on short lateral shoots. Flowers: perianth of 9-12 tepals in 2 series. Staminate flowers: stamens 5, partially or completely connate. Pistillate flowers: ovules 2-3 per locule. Berries on elongate receptacle when mature. x = 14.
Species 25 (1 in the flora): North America, mainly e Asia.
The orthographic variant Schizandra , adopted by several authors for Schisandra Michaux, was first used by A. P. de Candolle ([1817]1818-1821, vol. 1, pp. 511, 544) and was perpetuated by subsequent authors. Convincing arguments for retention of the original orthography were presented by A. J. Rehder (1944). Schisandra is conserved over the earlier published name Stellandria .
SELECTED REFERENCES
Kapil, R. N. and S. Jalan. 1964. Schisandra Michaux--its embryology and systematic position. Bot. Not. 117: 285-306. Rehder, A. J. 1944. Schisandra Michaux, nomen genericum conservandum. J. Arnold Arbor. 25: 129-131. Stone, D. E. 1968. Cytological and morphological notes on the southeastern endemic Schisandra glabra (Schisandraceae). J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 84: 351-356.
Source eFloras.org
