《中国植物志》|| 紫草科 BORAGINACEAE ||微孔草系 Ser. Myosotidiae W. T. Wang ||微孔草 Microula sikkimensis (C. B. Clarke) Hemsl.

8．微孔草（中国高等植物图鉴）图版30：4-5
Microula sikkimensis (Clarke) Hemsl. in Hook. Ic. Pl. 26: sub pl. 2562. 1898; Hemsl. et Pearson in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 35: 192. 1902; Johnst. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 14: 30. 1933; Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 820. 1936;中国高等植物图鉴3: 图5081. 1974.——Anchusa sikkimensis Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 168. 1883.——Tretocarya sikkimensis (Clarke) Oliv. in Hook. Ic. Pl. 23: pl. 2255. 1893; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 34: 138. 1894; Breslau in Repert. Sp. Nov. Beih. 12: 437. 1922.——Anoplocaryum limprichtii Brand in Repert. Sp. Nov. 26: 170. 1929; in Engl. Pflanzenr. IV. 252 (Heft 97): 115, f. 12. 1931.
茎高6-65厘米，直立或渐升，常自基部起有长或短的分枝，或不分枝，被刚毛，有时还混生稀疏糙伏毛。基生叶和茎下部叶具长柄，卵形、狭卵形至宽披针形，长4-12厘米，宽0.7-4.4厘米，顶端急尖、渐尖，稀钝，基部圆形或宽楔形，中部以上叶渐变小，具短柄至无柄，狭卵形或宽披针形，基部渐狭，边缘全缘，两面有短伏毛，下面沿中脉有刚毛，上面还散生带基盘的刚毛。花序密集，直径0.5-1.5厘米，有时稍伸长，长约达2厘米，生茎顶端及无叶的分枝顶端，基部苞片叶状，其他苞片小，长0.5-2毫米；花梗短，密被短糙伏毛；花萼长约2毫米，果期长达3.5毫米，5裂近基部，裂片线形或狭三角形，外面疏被短柔毛和长糙毛，边缘密被短柔毛，内面有短伏毛；花冠蓝色或蓝紫色，檐部直径5-9（-11）毫米，无毛，裂片近圆形，筒部长2.5-3.8（-4）毫米，无毛，附属物低梯形或半月形，长约0.3毫米，无毛或有短毛。小坚果卵形，长2-2.5毫米，宽约1.8毫米，有小瘤状突起和短毛，背孔位于背面中上部，狭长圆形，长1-1.5毫米，着生面位腹面中央。5-9月开花。
分布于陕西西南部，甘肃、青海、四川西部、云南西北部（中甸以北）、西藏东部和南部。生海拔3000-4500米（在青海东部和甘肃一带海拔为2000-3000米，在陕西西南部低达1900米）山坡草地、灌丛下、林边、河边多石草地，田边或田中。锡金也有分布。

《云南植物志》|| 紫草科 Boraginaceae nom. conserv. ||微孔草属 Microula Benth. ||微孔草 Microula sikkimensis (C. B. Clarke) Hemsl.

1．微孔草 图版200，1—3
Microula sikkimensis (C. B. Clarke) Hemsl. (1898), in nota; Johnst. (1933); Hand.-Mazz. (1936); "图鉴" (1974)*; W. T. Wang et al. (1980).
Anchusa sikkimensis C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. (1885); Tretocarya sikkimensis (C. B. Clarke) Oliv. (1893)*; Anoplocaryum limprichtii Brand (1929).
一年生草本，高15—40(—80)厘米。主根圆柱形，粗壮延长，上部粗达4毫米，具多数纤维状细根，干时黑褐色。茎直立，通常自下部或近基部分枝，被白色开展的刚毛。基生叶常早枯，叶片卵形或椭圆状卵形，长4.5—8.5厘米，宽2—3厘米，先端急尖，基部圆或平截，两面被短糙毛，中脉在背面微凸，侧脉2—3对，在背面较明显，有时无侧脉，叶柄长达8厘米，被糙毛；茎生叶疏离，下部者具长柄，向上叶片渐小，叶柄渐短，至最上部者无柄，其他同基生叶。聚伞花序短，顶生和腋生，少花，密集排列；有短或长的花序梗，被糙毛；苞片狭卵形、条状披针形至钻形；花梗长1—2(—4)毫米，疏被糙毛，果时常弯曲；花萼长1.5—2.5毫米，5深裂至基部，裂片线状披针形。外面被极稀疏的糙毛，边缘毛极密且毛，里面被细毛，果时延长并加宽；花冠蓝色，长5—7毫米，檐部直径5—7毫米，5裂至中部稍下，裂片近圆形，管与檐部近等长，喉部具5个紫色、月牙形的附属物；花药长圆形，长约1毫米，花丝短，着生于管上部；子房小，4深裂，花柱远长于子房，柱头头状。小坚果4，不整齐的三棱状卵珠形，长2—2.5毫米，被细毛，有瘤状突起，背面中部具长圆形的杯状突起，边缘常具不规则的齿。花果期7—9月间。
产德钦、维西、中甸，生于海拔2700—4100米的林下、草坡或路边；分布于四川西部、陕西西南部、青海、甘肃、西藏东部和南部。锡金也有。

《Flora of China》|| Boraginaceae || Microula ||微孔草 Microula sikkimensis

8. Microula sikkimensis (C. B. Clarke) Hemsley, Hooker"s Icon. Pl. 26: t. 2562. 1898.

微孔草 wei kong cao

Anchusa sikkimensis C. B. Clarke in J. D. Hooker, Fl. Brit. India 4: 168. 1883; Anoplocaryum limprichtii Brand; Tretocarya sikkimensis (C. B. Clarke) Oliver.

Stems erect or ascending, not crowded, frequently branched from base, or not branched, 6-65 cm tall, bristly, sometimes sparsely strigose. Basal and lower stem leaves long petiolate, broadly lanceolate to ovate or narrowly ovate, 4-12 × 0.7-4.4 cm, base rounded to broadly cuneate, apex acute to acuminate, rarely obtuse; upper stem leaves gradually reduced upward, short petiolate to sessile, narrowly ovate to broadly lanceolate, short strigose, abaxially bristly along midvein, adaxially sparsely bristly, hairs discoid at base, base attenuate, margin entire. Inflorescences terminal, crowded, 0.5-1.5 cm wide, sometimes slightly elongated to ca. 2 cm; basal bracts leaflike, other bracts 0.5-2 mm. Pedicel densely short strigose. Calyx ca. 2 mm, to 3.5 mm in fruit, parted nearly to base; lobes linear to narrowly triangular, sparsely pubescent and long hispid outside, margin densely pubescent and short strigose inside. Corolla blue or blue-purple; tube 2.5-3.8 mm, glabrous; appendages low trapeziform or lunate, ca. 0.3 mm, glabrous or short pubescent; limb 5-9(-11) mm wide, glabrous; lobes suborbicular. Nutlets ovoid, ± dorsiventrally compressed, 2-2.5 × ca. 1.8 mm, with fine tubercles and short hairs; aperture in middle and upper parts of abaxial surface, narrowly oblong, 1-1.5 mm; attachment scar at center of adaxial surface. Fl. May-Sep.

Hillside meadows, thickets, forest margins, river banks, fields; 2900-4500 m. Gansu, Qinghai, SW Shaanxi, W Sichuan, SE Xizang, NW Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Nepal, Sikkim].