《中国植物志》|| 藜科 CHENOPODIACEAE ||猪毛菜属 Salsola L. ||猪毛菜 Salsola collina Pall.

24.猪毛菜 图版39: 1-3
Salsola collina Pall. Illustr. 34. t. 26. 1803; Forb. et Hemsl. in Journ. Soc. Bot. 26: 330. 1891; Bunge in Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 22. 1893; Kom. in Act. Hort. Petrop. 22: 163. 1903; Blom in Act. Hort. Gothob. 3: 155. 1927; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 162 1929;中国北部植物图志4: 95. t. 38. 1935; Iljin in Fl. URSS 6: 215. t. 2. f. 3-4. 1936; Kitag. Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 192. 1939; 东北草本植物志2: 75. f. 70. 1959; Полояк. in Фл. Казахст. 3: 262. t. 27. f. 19. 1960; Grubov, Pl. Asiae Centr. 2: 82. 1966;中国高等植物图鉴1: 598. f. 1196. 1972; 秦岭植物志1 (2): 169. 1974. ——Salsola chinensis Gdgr. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Franc. 60: 421. 1913. syn. nov.
一年生草本，高20-100厘米；茎自基部分枝，枝互生，伸展，茎、枝绿色，有白色或紫红色条纹，生短硬毛或近于无毛。叶片丝状圆柱形，伸展或微弯曲，长2-5厘米，宽0.5-1.5毫米，生短硬毛，顶端有刺状尖，基部边缘膜质，稍扩展而下延。花序穗状，生枝条上部; 苞片卵形，顶部延伸，有刺状尖，边缘膜质，背部有白色隆脊；小苞片狭披针形，顶端有刺状尖，苞片及小苞片与花序轴紧贴；花被片卵状披针形，膜质，顶端尖，果时变硬，自背面中上部生鸡冠状突起；花被片在突起以上部分，近革质，顶端为膜质，向中央折曲成平面，紧贴果实，有时在中央聚集成小圆锥体；花药长1-1.5毫米；柱头丝状，长为花柱的1.5-2倍。种子横生或斜生。花期7-9月，果期9-10月。
产东北、华北、西北、西南及西藏、河南、山东、江苏等省区。生村边，路边及荒芜场所。朝鲜、蒙古、苏联、巴基斯坦也有。
全草入药，有降低血压作用；嫩茎、叶可供食用。
本种和单翅猪毛菜(S. monoptera Bge.)近似，但后者花药较小，长约0.3毫米；果时有1个花被片生翅；植株较小，可以区别。 M. Gandoger (1913)根据O. Debeaux 1860年在山东烟台采的标本，建立一个新种S. chinensis Gdgr.。其理由是：花被片背部的翅极短小; 叶片较短，具刺状尖等。我们研究了本新种的原始记载并观察了收藏的烟台标本，认为S. chinensis Gdgr.的特征实属于S. collina Pall.的范围之内，故归并。

《云南植物志》|| 藜科 Chenopodiaceae nom. conserv. ||猪毛菜属 Salsola L. ||猪毛菜 Salsola collina Pall.

1. 猪毛菜 图版105: 1—3
北蓬棵（通称），猪毛缨（河南），哈木呼勒（蒙药名），大策尔（藏名）
Salsola collina Pall. (1803); J. D. Hook. (1890); Blom (1927); Hand.-Mazz. (1929); 中国北部植物图志 (1935)*; 东北草本植物志 (1959); 图鉴 (1972); 中国植物志 (1979); 云南种子植物名录 (1984); 横断山维管植物 (1993).
一年生草本，高15—110厘米。茎直立，茎枝绿色，有白色或紫色条纹，有短硬毛或近于无毛。叶片细圆柱形，长1.5—4.5厘米，宽0.5—1.5毫米，生短硬毛，顶端有刺状尖，基部稍扩展而下延。花序穗状，常生枝条上部；苞片卵形，顶部延伸，有刺状尖，近缘膜质、背部有白色隆脊；小苞片狭披针形，顶端有刺状尖，贴于花序轴；花被片卵状披针形、膜质，顶端尖，果时变硬、自背面中上部生鸡冠状突起；花被片在突起以上部分近革质，向中央折曲成平面，紧贴果实；花药长1—1.5毫米；柱头丝状，长为花柱的1.5—2倍。种子横生或斜生。花期7—9月，果期9—10月。
产元谋、丽江、中甸、德钦、永胜；生于河谷边灌丛、荒芜地或低丘沙滩，以金沙江干热至干暖河谷为主，海拔800—1850米。分布于东北、华北、西北、西南及河南、山东、江苏，多在干旱生境或盐碱地上。朝鲜、日本、蒙古、原苏联、巴基斯坦及印度也有。
全草含生物碱、多糖、有机酸。入药，主治高血压、头痛等。嫩茎叶食用。

《Flora of North America》|| Chenopodiaceae || Salsola || Salsola collina

4. Salsola collina Pallas, Ill. Pl. 34. 1803.

Herbs, 10-100 cm, sparsely to densely papillose or hispid (rarely subglabrous). Stems erect, rarely ascending, branched above base (occasionally with slender branches near base); branches straight or slightly arcuate. Leaves alternate; blade filiform to narrowly linear, 1-2 mm wide, less than 1 mm wide in herbarium specimens, usually not fleshy, sometimes semi-amplexicaul at base, apex with soft bristle (rarely subspinescent). Inflorescences not interrupted, dense, 1-flowered (rarely 2-3-flowered), often also in axils of proximal leaves and branches, lower ones tightly enclosed in bracts and bracteoles, forming gall-like caducous balls at maturity; bracts alternate, strongly imbricate and appressed at maturity, base not distinctly swollen, apex acuminate into subulate spine. Flowers: bracteoles becoming connate basally and adnate to perianth segments; perianth segments wingless or with narrow, erose wing at maturity, apex acute, weak and flaccid, glabrous; fruiting perianth ca. 2-5 mm diam. 2n = 18.

Fruiting summer-fall. Waste places, roadsides, railway areas, cultivated fields, disturbed natural and seminatural plant communities; 100-2000 m; introduced; Ont., Sask.; Ariz., Colo., Iowa, Kans., Ky., Mich., Minn., Mo., Mont., Nebr., N.H., N.Mex., N.Y., N.Dak., Okla., S.Dak., Utah, Vt.; Eurasia.

Salsola collina was reported for the first time for North America from Minnesota by J. W. Moore (1938). It was collected in Kansas in 1923 (R. E. Brooks et al. 1976), but misidentified. Later it was discovered in Colorado, Iowa, and Missouri (V. L. Cory 1948; W. Schapaugh 1958; V. Muhlenbach 1979). Reports of S. collina for Arizona and New York are based on specimens cited by S. Rilke (1999). Its actual distribution seems to be underestimated due to the common and constant confusion with deviant forms of S. tragus. In the future, S. collina may be expected to occur within the major portion of the present range of S. tragus.

《Flora of China》|| Chenopodiaceae || Salsola ||猪毛菜 Salsola collina

24. Salsola collina Pallas, Ill. Pl. 34. 1803.

猪毛菜 zhu mao cai

Salsola chinensis Gandoger.

Herbs annual, 20-100 cm tall. Stem branched from base; branches alternate, spreading, green, white or purple-red striate, hispid or subglabrous. Leaves spreading or slightly curved, filiform-terete, 2-5 cm × 0.5-1.5 mm, hispid, base slightly expanded, decurrent, margin membranous, apex spinose mucronate. Inflorescence spikelike; bracts and bractlets tightly appressed to rachis; bracts ovate, abaxially longitudinally keeled, margin membranous, apex spinose mucronate; bractlets narrowly lanceolate, apex spinose mucronate. Perianth segments ovate-lanceolate, membranous, hardened in fruit, abaxially crested; portion of segment above crest inflexed, with others forming a plane surface tightly appressed to utricle or sometimes connivent distally into a small cone, subleathery, apex acute, membranous. Anthers 1-1.5 mm. Stigmas filiform, 1.5-2 × as long as style. Seed horizontal or oblique. Fl. Jul-Sep, fr. Sep-Oct.

Around farm houses, roadsides, waste places. Anhui, Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan [Korea, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russia; C Asia; naturalized in C and W Europe and North America].

This plant is used in Chinese medicine to reduce blood pressure.