穿心莛子藨 Triosteum himalayanum

KINGDOM:Plantae || PHYLUM:Tracheophyta || CLASS:Magnoliopsida || ORDER:Dipsacales || FAMILY:忍冬科 Caprifoliaceae || GENUS: 莛子藨属 Triosteum

Flora treatments

Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae
Flora Yunnanica
Flora of China

《中国植物志》|| 忍冬科 CAPRIFOLIACEAE ||莛子藨属 Triosteum Linn. ||穿心莛子藨 Triosteum himalayanum Wall.

1. 穿心莛子藨（中国高等植物图鉴）图版24：1-3
Triosteum himalayanum Wall. [Cat. no. 484. 1829]; in Roxb. Fl. Ind. 2: 180. 1824; DC. Prodr. 4: 330. 1830; Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 27: 476. 1881; Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 1040. 1936; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 18: 250. 1937; Lauener in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinb. 32 (1): 101. 1972; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 323, 图6059. 1975. ——T. fargesii Franch. in Journ. de Bot. 10: 318. 1896; Graebn. in Bot. Jahrb. 29: 590. 1901; Rehd. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 1: 116. 1911. ——Echium connatum Levl. Cat. pl. Yun-Nan 22. 1915. ——T. erythrocarpum H. Smith in Svensk. Bot. Tidskr. 39: 46. 1945. ——T. hirsutum auct. non Wall. : Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 357. 1888; Diels in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinb. 7: 112 et 244. 1912; Hao in Contr. Inst. Bot. Nat. Acad. Peiping 1 (4): 81. 1931.
多年生草木；茎高40-60厘米，稀开花时顶端有一对分枝，密生刺刚毛和腺毛。叶通常全株9-10对，基部连合，倒卵状椭圆形至倒卵状矩圆形，长8-16厘米，宽5-10厘米，顶端急尖或锐尖，上面被长刚毛，下面脉上毛较密，并夹杂腺毛。聚伞花序2-5轮在茎顶或有时在分枝上作穗状花序状；萼裂片三角状圆形，被刚毛和腺毛，萼筒与萼裂片间缢缩；花冠黄绿色，筒内紫褐色，长1.6厘米，约为萼长的3倍，外有腺毛，筒基部弯曲，一侧膨大成囊；雄蕊着生于花冠筒中部，花丝细长，淡黄色，花药黄色，矩圆形。果实红色，近圆形，直径10-12厘米，冠以由宿存萼齿和缢缩的萼筒组成的短喙，被刚毛和腺毛。
产陕西、湖北、四川、云南和西藏。生于海拔1800-4100米的山坡、暗针叶林边、林下、沟边或草地。尼泊尔和锡金也有分布。

Source 中国植物物种信息数据库

《云南植物志》|| 忍冬科 Caprifoliaceae nom. conserv. ||莛子藨属 Triosteum L. ||穿心莛子藨 Triosteum himalayanum Wall. in Roxb.

1．穿心莛子藨图版141
老鸦瓜子（中甸），野鸡果（维西），大红参（丽江）
Triosteum himalayanum Wall. in Roxb. (1824); DC. (1830); Hook. f. et Thoms. (1858); C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. (1880); Britt. (1909); Hao (1931); Hand.-Mazz. (1936); Rehd. (1937); Hara (1971), (1979); Ferguson in Lauener (1972); 图鉴 (1975)*.
Triosteum hirsutum auct. non Wall. in Roxb. (1824): C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. (1880); Hemsl. (1888); Diels (1912); Hao (1931); Kitam. (1955); Weibel (1958); Rao et Rao (1962)*; T. emodorum Spreng. (1827); T. fargesii Franch. (1896); Rehd. in Sarg. (1911); T. erythrocarpum Lévl. (1915—1916); Echium connatum Lévl. (1915).
多年生草本。茎高40—60厘米，自木质化的根茎生出，基部具褐色鳞片，下部无叶，中部以上具叶。叶5—7对，对生，相对之叶基部合生，茎贯穿其中，叶片纸质，倒卵状椭圆形至倒卵状长圆形，长6—13（20）厘米，宽3.5—8（15）厘米，先端突尖或锐尖，全缘，叶面绿色，具刺刚毛，背面淡绿色，脉上毛较密并杂有腺毛。穗状花序顶生，长5—10厘米，可由多至5轮的6花轮伞花序组成；苞片卵形，长约5毫米，先端锐尖，具刺刚毛，小苞片微小，钻形，长约1毫米；萼筒长约1.5毫米，有腺毛和刺刚毛，萼齿5，微小；花冠长约1.4厘米，淡绿或黄绿，喉部带紫色，外有腺毛，筒长约6毫米，基部具囊，裂片二唇形，上4下1；雄蕊5，短于花冠；花柱等于或略短于雄蕊，柱头头状。核果近球形，直径10—12毫米，红色或白色，有腺毛和刺刚毛；核3颗。花期6—7月，果期8—9月。
产镇康、大理、鹤庆、丽江、兰坪、维西、中甸、德钦，生于海拔（2700）3000—4000米的山坡或山谷的云、冷杉林下、灌丛中或高山草地上；分布于西藏、四川、湖北、陕西。印度、尼泊尔、锡金也有。

Source 中国植物物种信息数据库

《Flora of China》|| Caprifoliaceae || Triosteum ||穿心莛子藨 Triosteum himalayanum

1. Triosteum himalayanum Wallich in Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. 2: 180. 1824.

穿心莛子藨 chuan xin ting zi biao

Triosteum himalayanum

Credit: Harvard University Herbaria

Echium connatum H. Léveillé; Triosteum erythrocarpum Harry Smith; T. fargesii Franchet; T. himalayanum var. chinense Diels & Graebner.

Herbs, perennial, 40-60 cm tall, branched below terminal inflorescence after anthesis, densely hirsute, glandular hairy, faintly aromatic. Leaves obovate-elliptic to obovate-oblong, ca. 11 × 7 cm, abaxially long hirsute on veins, interspersed with glandular hairs, adaxially densely long hirsute, lower part narrowed to a broadly perfoliate base, margin entire or occasionally lobed, apex acute to acuminate. Inflorescence of 2-5 whorls, at apex of stem. Sepals to 1 mm. Corolla lobes purple-brown with paler flecks; tube yellow-green, ca. 1.5 cm, outside glandular hairy; tube curved at base and shallowly spurred, spur pointing downward to below apex of ovary. Drupe ripening from white to red, subglobose, 10-12 mm in diam., hirsute and glandular hairy, crowned with a persistent calyx. Pyrenes 3-5, without ribs. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Jul-Sep.

Mountain slopes, coniferous forests, streamsides, grasslands; 1800-4100 m. ?Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Nepal].

The names Triosteum hirsutum Wallich and T. hirsutum Roxburgh have sometimes been applied to this species. Some confusion has arisen from different print versions of Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. 2: 180. 1824. The original descriptions of T. himalayanum Wallich and T. hirsutum Roxburgh can be found in only one of these print versions. The other print version includes the description of T. hirsutum Wallich, which appears to be a printing error. Triosteum hirsutum Roxburgh is attributed to a specimen collected in Chittagong, Bangladesh, now the basionym of Lasianthus hirsutus in the Rubiaceae (see p. 192).

Source eFloras.org

Chinese name	Vernacular name	Plant	Ethnic group	Use	Source
穿心莛子蔗	野鸡果	穿心莛子蔗 Triosteum himalayanum Wall.	维西药	Ethnomedicinal	《滇省志》
五转七	五转七	五转七 Triosteum himalayanum Wall.		Medicinal	中华本草