《中国植物志》|| 桑科 MORACEAE ||钝叶榕系 Ser. Callophylleae Corner ||榕树 Ficus microcarpa L.f.

19.榕树（南越笔记，海南植物志）细叶榕（广东），万年青（云南）图版23：7-10
Ficus microcarpa Linn. f. Suppl. Sp. Pl. 442. 1781; Benth. FI. Hongk. 327. 1861; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 511. 1890; Gagnep. in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 5: 764. 1928; Sata, Monogr. Ficus Form. et Philipp. 22. 1944; Corner in Gard. Bull. Sing. 17: 397. 1960; in ibid. 21: 22. 1965; 海南植物志2: 393.1965; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 483, excl. f. 966. 1972; 台湾植物志2: 139. 1976; Kitam. et Murata, Col. Ill. Woody Pl. Japan 2; 233. 1979; 中国高等植物图鉴补编1: 152, in clavi, 160, f. 8431. 1982; Yamazaki in Journ. Phytogegogr. Taxon. 31 (1): 6. 1983; Griers. et Long, Fl. Bhutan 1 (1): 95. 1983; Lauener in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 40 (3): 495. 1983; 云南种子植物名录, 上册: 705.1984; 湖北植物大全: 267.1992; H. Koba et al. 1. c. 211, 1994; Nguyen T. Hiep in Tap chi SIKH HOC 16 (4): 60. 1994.——Ficus retusi formis levl. et Vant. in Fedde, Rep. Sp. Nov. 8: 549. 1910; Fl. Kouy-Tcheou 433. 1915. ——F. retusa auct. non Linn.: Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 511. 1889; Ridl. Fl. Malay Pen. vol. 3: 335. 1924; Gagnep. in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 5: 764. 1928; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 10: 131. 1929; et ibid. 17: 74. 1936; Kanichira, Formos. Trees, Rev. ed. 159, f. 108. 1936; Sata, Monogr. Ficus Form. et Philipp.: 22, f. 18, 19. 1944; Makino, New Ill. Fl. Pl. Japan: 98, f. 391. 1961; Terasaki. Ill. Fl. Japan 2 ed: 128. f. 492. 1979.
大乔木，高达15-25米，胸径达50厘米，冠幅广展；老树常有锈褐色气根。树皮 深灰色。叶薄革质，狭椭圆形，长4-8厘米，宽3-4厘米，先端钝尖，基部楔形，表 面深绿色，干后深褐色，有光泽，全缘，基生叶脉延长，侧脉3-10对；叶柄长5-10毫 米，无毛；托叶小，披针形，长约8毫米。榕果成对腋生或生于已落叶枝叶腋，成熟时 黄或微红色，扁球形，直径6-8毫米，无总梗，基生苞片3，广卵形，宿存；雄花、雌 花、瘿花同生于一榕果内，花间有少许短刚毛；雄花无柄或具柄，散生内壁，花丝与花 药等长；雌花与瘿花相似，花被片3，广卵形，花柱近侧生，柱头短，棒形。瘦果卵圆形。 花期5-6月。
产台湾、浙江（南部）、福建、广东（及沿海岛屿）、广西、湖北（武汉至十堰栽 培）、贵州、云南（174-1240（-1900）米）。斯里兰卡、印度、缅甸、泰国、越南、马 来西亚、菲律宾、日本（琉球、九州）、巴布亚新几内亚和澳大利亚北部、东部直至加罗 林群岛也有。
《台湾植物志》尚载有厚叶榕树var. crassif olia (Shieh) J. C. Liao in Forest Ser. 62: 7. 1974 (＝Ficus retusa L. var. crassifolia Shieh in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 16 (3-4): 190. f. 5. 1963).产花莲，恒春半岛（鹅銮鼻）及附近岛屿（兰屿）的海岸石灰岩生境，未见标本，暂附记于此。又湖北栽培记录或系Ficus concinna (Miq.）Miq.

《云南植物志》|| 桑科 Moraceae ||榕属 Ficus Linn. ||榕树 Ficus microcarpa L. f.

17.榕树（通称） 图版171，7—10
万年青（河口），细叶榕（广东）
Ficus microcarpa L. f. (1781); Benth. (1861); Hook. f. (1890); Gagnep. in Lecte. (1928); Sata (1944); Corner (1960), (1965); Ohwi (1965); 海南植物志 (1965); Hatusima (1971); "图鉴" (1972), in textu, excl. f. "图鉴" 补编 (1982), in clavi; Kitamura et Murata (1979)*; Yamazaki (1982); Griers. et Long (1983).
Urostigma microcarpum (L. f.) Miq. (1847); Ficus retusa L. var. pisifera Miq. et var. m. (Thunb.) Miq. (1867); F. retusiformis Lévl. et Vant. in Fedde (1910), (1915); Rehd. (1929), (1936), pro syn. sub. F. retusa L.; F. retusa auct. non Linn.: Hook. f. (1888); Ridl. (1924); Gagnep. in Lecte. (1928); Hand. -Mazz. (1929).
乔木，高15—25米，胸径50厘米。树皮灰色，冠幅广展；老树常有锈褐色气根。叶薄革质，狭椭圆形，长4—8厘米，宽3—4厘米，先端钝尖，基部狭楔形至楔形，叶面深绿色，有光泽，背面浅绿色，两面无毛，基生侧脉延长，侧脉每边3—10条；叶柄长5—10（—15）毫米，无毛；托叶小，披针形，长约8毫米。榕果成对腋生，有时生于已落叶枝叶腋，成熟时黄色微红，扁球形，直径6—8毫米，无总梗，顶生苞片唇形，基生苞片3，广卵形；雄花、雌花、瘿花生于同一榕果内壁，花间有少许刚毛；雄花有或无柄，散生内壁，花被片3，近匙形，雄蕊1枚，花药心形，花丝与花药等长；瘿花花被片3，广匙形，花柱侧生，短；雌花与瘿花相似，但花被片较小，花柱较长。瘦果卵圆形，花柱近顶生，短于子房，柱头棒状。花果期5—7月。
产富民、禄劝、峨山、石屏、建水、元江、思茅、澜沧、西双版纳、元阳、河口、麻栗坡、富宁、文山、砚山，生海拔174—1240（—1900）米的地方；浙江（东南）、江西（南部）、广东及其沿海岛屿、海南、福建、台湾、广西、贵州等地有分布。斯里兰卡、印度、缅甸、泰国、越南、马来西亚、菲律宾至日本（琉球群岛、九州）、巴布亚新几内亚和澳大利亚北部及东部也有。
树皮可以提取烤胶，且为良好行道树及园林树。

《Flora of North America》|| Moraceae || Ficus || Ficus microcarpa

10. Ficus microcarpa Linnaeus f., Suppl. Pl. 442. 1782.

Indian laurel

Urostigma microcarpa (Linnaeus f.) Miquel

Trees , evergreen, to 30 m. Roots aerial, abundant, sometimes developing pillar-roots. Bark gray. Branchlets brown, glabrous. Leaves: stipules 0.7-0.9 cm; petiole 0.5-1 cm. Leaf blade elliptic, obovate to ovate, 3-11 × 1.5-6 cm, thinly leathery, base obtuse to cuneate, margins entire, apex nearly acute to acuminate; surfaces abaxially and adaxially glabrous; basal veins 1(-2) pairs; lateral veins 5-9 pairs, uniformly spaced. Syconia paired, sessile, purple or black, obovoid, pyriform, or nearly globose, 9-11 × 5-6 mm; subtending bracts ovate-lanceolate, 1.5-3.5 mm, apex obtuse to subacute; ostiole closed by 3 flat, apical bracts 2-2.5 mm wide, umbonate.

Flowering all year. Disturbed sites; 0-20 m; introduced; Fla.; West Indies; native to Eastern Hemisphere.

Ficus microcarpa is commonly cultivated in Florida. At press time, word had been received (Michael O"Brien, pers. comm.) that F . microcarpa was recently found in the Los Angeles area, where the pollinating wasp apparently has been present since 1992. Voucher specimens are not yet available.

《Flora of China》|| Moraceae || Ficus ||榕树 Ficus microcarpa

20. Ficus microcarpa Linnaeus f., Suppl. Pl. 442. 1782.

榕树 rong shu

Ficus amblyphylla (Miquel) Miquel; F. cairnsii Warburg; F. condaravia Buchanan-Hamilton; F. littoralis Blume; F. microcarpa var. crassifolia (W. C. Shieh) Liao; F. microcarpa var. fuyuensis J. C. Liao; F. microcarpa var. oluangpiensis J. C. Liao; F. microcarpa var. pusillifolia J. C. Liao; F. retusa Linnaeus var. crassifolia W. C. Shieh; F. retusiformis H. Léveillé; F. rubra Roth; Urostigma amblyphyllum Miquel.

Trees, 15-25 m tall, crown wide, d.b.h. to 50 cm. Bark dark gray. Branches producing rust-colored aerial roots when old. Stipules lanceolate, ca. 0.8 cm. Petiole 5-10 mm, glabrous; leaf blade narrowly elliptic, 4-8 × 3-4 cm, ± leathery, adaxially dark green and shiny but dark brown when dry, base cuneate, margin entire, apex ± obtuse; basal lateral veins long, secondary veins 3-10 on each side of midvein. Figs axillary on leafy branchlets or on leafless older branchlets, paired, yellow to slightly red when mature, depressed globose, 6-8 mm in diam., inside with a few short bristles among flowers, sessile; involucral bracts broadly ovate, persistent. Male, gall, and female flowers within same fig. Male flowers: scattered, sessile or pedicellate; filament as long as anther. Gall and female flowers: sepals 3, broadly ovate; style ± lateral; stigma short, clavate. Achenes ovoid. Fl. May-Jun.

Mountains, plains; below 1900 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan, S Zhejiang [Bhutan, India, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Sikkim, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; N Australia].

This species is commonly cultivated in China as a shade tree.