《中国植物志》|| 杨柳科 SALICACEAE ||柳组 Sect. Salix ||旱柳 Salix matsudana Koidz.

29. 旱柳 图版38: 4-6
Salix matsudana Koidz. in Tokyo Bot. Mag. 29: 312. 1915; Schneid. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 3: 107. 1916; Hao in Fedde, Rep. Beih. 93: 66. 1936; Nas. in Kom. Fl. URSS, 5: 198. 1936; Rehd. man. Cult. Trees and Shrubs ed. 2, 94. 1940; 陈嵘，中国树木分类学，124. 图92. 1937; 刘慎谔等，东北木本植物图志，150. 图版39: 57. 图版40: 上1-8. 1955;中国高等植物图鉴，1: 363. 图726. 1972; 秦岭植物志，1 (2): 34. 1974; Kitag. Neo-Litag. Fl. Mansh. 206. 1979.——S. jeholensis Nakai in Rep. First Sci. Exped. Mansh. sect. 4, 4: 74. 1936.
乔木，高达18米，胸径达80厘米。大枝斜上，树冠广圆形；树皮暗灰黑色，有裂沟；枝细长，直立或斜展，浅褐黄色或带绿色，后变褐色，无毛，幼枝有毛。芽微有短柔毛。叶披针形，长5-10厘米，宽1-1.5厘米，先端长渐尖，基部窄圆形或楔形，上面绿色，无毛，有光泽，下面苍白色或带白色，有细腺锯齿缘，幼叶有丝状柔毛；叶柄短，长5-8毫米，在上面有长柔毛；托叶披针形或缺，边缘有细腺锯齿。花序与叶同时开放；雄花序圆柱形，长1.5-2.5 (-3)厘米，粗约6-8毫米，多少有花序梗，轴有长毛；雄蕊2，花丝基部有长毛，花药卵形，黄色；苞片卵形，黄绿色，先端钝，基部多少有短柔毛；腺体2；雌花序较雄花序短，长达2厘米，粗4毫米，有3-5小叶生于短花序梗上，轴有长毛；子房长椭圆形，近无柄，无毛，无花柱或很短，柱头卵形，近圆裂；苞片同雄花；腺体2，背生和腹生。果序长达2(2.5)厘米。花期4月，果期4-5月。
产东北、华北平原、西北黄土高原，西至甘肃、青海，南至淮河流域以及浙江、江苏。为平原地区常见树种。耐干旱、水湿、寒冷。模式标本采自甘肃兰州。朝鲜、日本、苏联远东地区也有分布。
用种子，扦插和埋条等方法繁殖。 木材白色，质轻软，比重0.45, 供建筑器具、造纸、人造棉、火药等用；细枝可编筐；为早春蜜源树，又为固沙保土四旁绿化树种。叶为冬季羊饲料。

《Flora of China》|| Salicaceae || Salix ||旱柳 Salix matsudana

32. Salix matsudana Koidzumi, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo). 29: 312. 1915.

旱柳 han liu

Trees to 18 m tall; trunk to 80 cm d.b.h.; bark dull grayish black, furrowed; crown broadly globose. Branchlets erect or spreading, brownish yellow or greenish, becoming brown, slender, glabrous, pilose when young. Buds slightly pubescent. Stipules when present lanceolate, margin glandular serrulate; petiole 5-8 mm, villous; leaf blade lanceolate, 5-10 × 1-1.5 cm, abaxially glaucous or slightly white, villous when young, adaxially green, shiny, base narrowly rounded, rarely cuneate, margin glandular serrulate, apex long acuminate. Male catkin cylindric, 1.5-2.5(-3) cm × 6-8 mm, ± pedunculate; bracts yellowish green, ovate, ± pubescent at base or glabrous, apex obtuse. Male flower: glands 2; stamens 2, long pubescent at base; anthers yellow. Female catkin ca. 2 cm × 4 mm, with 3-5 leaflets at base; bracts as in male catkin. Female flower: glands adaxial and abaxial or only adaxial gland present; ovary long ellipsoid, glabrous, subsessile; style almost absent; stigma ovate, lobed. Fl. Apr, fr. Apr-May. 2n = 38*.

* Commonly planted on plains, riverbanks. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang

A. K. Skvortsov believes that this species may be synonymous with Salix babylonica.