《中国植物志》|| 卷柏科 SELAGINELLACEAE ||卷柏属 Selaginella P. Beauv. ||翠云草 Selaginella uncinata (Desv. ex Poir.) Spring

27.翠云草（中国主要植物图说•蕨类植物门）图版37：1-7
Selaginella uncinata (Desv.) Spring in Bull. Acad. Brux. 10: 141. 1843, et Monogr. Lycopod. II, Mem. Acad. Roy. Sci. Belgique 24: 109. 1850: Baker, Handb. Fern-Al-lies 48. 1887; Warb. in Monsunia 1: 103. 1900; Alderw., Malayan Fern Allies 68. 1915; Alston in Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 5: 275. 1934, et in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 7 (2): 583. 1951: S. H. Fu, Ill. Important Chinese Pl., Pterid. 8, f. 10. 1957; Steward, Man. Vasc. Pl. Low. Yangtze Vall. China 25. 1958; Fl. Hainan.1: 11. 1964: Reed, Index Selaginellarum, in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 229. 1966; Ic. Corm, Sin. 1: 112, f. 223. 1972; FI. Fujian. 1: 13, f. 10. 1982; R. D. Dixit, Cens.Indian Pterid. 17. 1984, et Selag. India 54, f. 19. 1992: Fl. Anhui 1: 28, f. 14. 1986: B. D. Liu et al. in Bull. Bot. Res. (Harbin) 9 (3): 114, Pl. 9: 5-9. 1989: P. S. Wang in J. Arnold Arbor. 71: 267. 1990: Y. L. Zhang et al., Spore Morph. Chin. Pterid. 49, Pl. 4: 28-30. 1990; P. H. Ho, Ill. Fl. Vietnam 1: 29, cum fig. 1991; K. Iwats., Ferns Fern Allies Japan 54, pl. 11, photo. 3-4. 1992; Nakaike, New Fl. Jap. Pterid. f: 51. 1992; P. S. Wang, Pterid. Fanjing Mt. Nat. Res. 26. 1992; C. F.Zhang, Fl. Zhejiang 1: 12, f. 1-12. 1993; Fl. Jiangxi 1: 32, f. 17. 1993; K. Iwats., Fl. Jap. l: 16. 1995; Nakaike in J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Inst. Chiba 4 (2): 120. 1997; P. S. Wang et X. Y. Wang, Pterid. Fl. Guizhou 644, Pl. 156, f. 12-18. 2001. ——Lycopodioides uncinata (Desv.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 825. 1891; Rothm in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni Veg. 54: 69. 1944; H. S. Kung, Fl. Sichuanica 6: 64, Pl. 19, f. 6-9. 1988. ——Lycopodium uncinatum Desv. in Poir. inLam., Encycl. Suppl. 3: 558. 1813. ——S. eurystachw Warb. in Monsunia 1: 119. 1900; Reed, Index Selaginellarum, in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 109. 1966.
土生，主茎先直立而后攀援状，长50-100厘米或更长，无横走地下茎。根托只生于主茎的下部或沿主茎断续着生，自主茎分叉处下方生出，长3-10厘米，直径0.1-0.5毫米，根少分叉，被毛。主茎自近基部羽状分枝，不呈“之”字形，无关节，禾秆色，主茎下部直径1-1.5毫米，茎圆柱状，具沟槽，无毛，维管束1条，主茎顶端不呈黑褐色，主茎先端鞭形，侧枝5-8对，2回羽状分枝，小枝排列紧密，主茎上相邻分枝相距5-8厘米，分枝无毛，背腹压扁，末回分枝连叶宽3.8-6毫米。叶全部交互排列，二形，草质，表面光滑，具虹彩，边缘全缘，明显具白边，主茎上的叶排列较疏，较分之上的大，二形，绿色。主茎上的腋叶明显大于分枝上的，肾形，或略心形，3毫米×4毫米，分枝上的腋叶对称，宽椭圆形或心形，2.2-2.8毫米×0.8-2.2毫米，边缘全缘，基部不呈耳状，近心形。中叶不对称，主茎上的明显大于侧枝上的，侧枝上的叶卵圆形，1.0-2.4毫米×0.6-1.0毫米，接近到覆瓦状排列，背部不呈龙骨状，先端与轴平行或交叉或常向后弯，长渐尖，基部钝，边缘全缘。侧叶不对称，主茎上的明显大于侧枝上的，分枝上的长圆形，外展，紧接，2.2-3.2毫米× 1.0-1.6毫米，先端急尖或具短尖头，边缘全缘，上侧基部不扩大，不覆盖小枝，上侧边缘全缘，下侧基部圆形，下侧边缘全缘。孢子叶穗紧密，四棱柱形，单生于小枝末端，5.0-25毫米×2.5-4.0毫米；孢子叶一形，卵状三角形，边缘全缘，具白边，先端渐尖，龙骨状；大孢子叶分布于孢子叶穗下部的下侧或中部的下侧或上部的下侧。大孢子灰白色或暗褐色；小孢子淡黄色。
产安徽（黄山、宁国、潜山、歙县、休宁）、重庆（城口、奉节、合川、缙云山、南川、酉阳、万县）、福建（崇安、福州）、广东（梅县、汕头、深圳）、广西（巴马、凤山、桂林、凌乐、龙胜、龙州、罗城、南靖、南宁、融水、兴安）、贵州（岑巩、长顺、赤水、丹寨、独山、贵定、贵阳、黄平、惠水、剑河、江口、雷山、黎平、荔波、清镇、榕江、三穗、施秉、松桃、台江、天柱、铜仁、万山、望谟、西秀、兴义、印江、玉屏、镇宁）、湖北（房县、宜昌、兴山）、湖南（昌宁、凤凰、古丈、石门、源、新晃、新宁、永顺、沅陵、芷江）、江西（分宜、九江、庐山、武宁）、陕西（平利）、四川（安县、都江堰、高县、古蔺、广元、合江、江油、筠连、临安、南充、南溪、平武、天全、通江、雅安）、陕西（平利）、香港、云南（贡山）、浙江（淳安、杭州、江山、开化、乐清、临安、龙泉、宁波、磐安、平阳、遂昌、泰顺、天台、温岭、文成、仙居）。生于林下，海拔50-1200米。中国特有，其他国家也有栽培。模式标本采自中国

《云南植物志》|| 卷柏科 Selaginellaceae ||卷柏科 Selaginellaceae ||翠云草 Selaginella uncinata (Desv.) Spring

24. 翠云草（植物名实图考）
Selaginella uncinata (Desv.) Spring (1843); Bak. (1887); Alston (1934) et in Lecomte (1951); 中国植物图鉴 (1955)*; 中国主要植物图说 蕨类植物门 (1957)*; 海南植物志 (1964); 图鉴(1972)*; 福建植物志 (1980)*; 安徽植物志(1986)*; B. D. Liu et al. (1989)*; 江西植物志 (1993)*; 浙江植物志 (1993)*; 广西蕨类植物概览 (2000); 贵州蕨类植物志 (2001)*; 香港植物志 蕨类植物门 (2003)*; 中国植物志 (2004)*.
Lycopodium uncinatum Desv. (1813); Lycopodioides uncinata (Desv.) Kuntze (1891); 四川植物志 (1988)*.
植株匍匐蔓生或略攀附向上伸展，自基部开始三至四回分枝，通体枝扁平。主枝显著，长可达1米以上，茎浅禾秆色，直径达1.5毫米，茎内有近圆柱状的维管束1条，主枝基部常生出少数行无性繁殖的匍匐枝。根托仅生于主枝下部或沿主枝向前断续生出，浅禾秆色，长达10厘米，直径达0.5毫米。一回分枝羽状，互生，卵形至长卵形，长达15厘米，宽达5厘米。下部或基部的二回分枝卵形或扇形，长达4厘米，宽达3厘米，常再次羽状分枝，较少二叉分枝，中部以上的二回分枝狭扇形，通常再二叉分枝，顶部的少数二回分枝单一，长圆形。末回分枝长圆形至长圆披针形，长达1.5厘米，宽达7毫米。不育叶异型，薄草质，干后一面绿色，一面浅绿色，全缘，有明显的白边，主枝上的显著疏生，分枝上的向上渐接近至密接或覆瓦状叠生，在荫蔽的环境中侧叶腹面及中叶背面常显浅蓝色的荧光光泽；侧叶平展或略向上斜展，两侧不对称的卵形，长达4.5毫米，宽达2.5毫米，先端急尖，基部圆形或略呈浅心形，上侧显著较宽；小分枝上的侧叶较小，狭长圆形或狭卵状长圆形，先端略向上弯，叶脉两面可见，上部较粗，略隆起；主枝上的中叶明显大于侧枝上的，两侧略不对称的卵形，长达3.5毫米，宽达2毫米，先端短渐尖，直指上端或略向外侧偏斜，基部圆形或略呈浅心形，叶脉背面略可见，上部略隆起；分枝上的中叶斜卵形，两侧显著不对称，外侧显著弧形，内侧仅略外凸或近平直，先端短渐尖或短尾状，指向枝顶或有时向内侧偏斜，叶脉常不明显，有时上部略隆起可见；腋叶生于主枝下部的较大，阔卵形或卵圆形，长宽均可达4毫米；沿主枝往上的腋叶渐变狭，卵形，先端钝或急尖，基部浅心形，叶脉上部较粗，可见，下部常不明显；分枝上的腋叶长卵形或长圆形至狭长圆形，先端急尖，基部圆形至圆楔形。孢子叶穗单生于末回分枝顶端，四棱柱状，长达2厘米，直径达4毫米。孢子叶一型，绿色，卵状披针形，两侧对称或近对称，长达3毫米，宽达1.2毫米，先端长渐尖，基部阔圆形，全缘，有明显的白边，腹面凹入呈浅舟形，叶脉背面龙骨状隆起。孢子囊圆肾形，浅绿禾秆色至浅黄色；大孢子囊较大，每个孢子囊中通常1—2大孢子远较大。大孢子充分成熟时通常棕色，具外凸蠕虫状、乳头状及拟网状纹饰；小孢子半透明浅黄色，具长而密的刺状及狭片状纹饰。
产于大关；生于山谷林下溪边阴湿处，海拔1000—1100米。四川、重庆、贵州、广西、广东、海南、香港、湖南、湖北、江西、安徽、浙江、福建等省区较常见。也分布于越南北部。
全草民间药用，清热解毒，舒筋活络；因其叶生活时常显美丽的蓝色荧光光泽，我国、日本、印度及欧美庭园常作为观赏植物引种栽培。我国台湾引入栽培后已成归化植物。

《Flora of China》|| Selaginellaceae || Selaginella ||翠云草 Selaginella uncinata

17. Selaginella uncinata (Desvaux ex Poiret) Spring, Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles. 10: 141. 1843.

翠云草 cui yun cao

Lycopodium uncinatum Desvaux ex Poiret in Lamarck, Encycl., Suppl. 3: 558. 1814; L. dilatatum Hooker & Greville; Lycopodioides uncinata (Desvaux ex Poiret) Kuntze; Selaginella eurystachya Warburg.

Plants terrestrial, evergreen; main stem scandent from erect base, 50-100 cm or more. Rhizophores restricted to lower part of stem or at intervals throughout length of main stem, borne on ventral side in axils of branches. Main stems branched from near base upward, pinnately branched, stramineous, 1-1.5 mm in diam. in lower part, terete and angulate, sulcate, glabrous, apex of main stems flagelliform, branches many; primary leafy branches 5-8 pairs, twice pinnately branched, secondary branches once or twice forked, branchlets dense, adjacent primary branches on main stem 5-8 cm apart, ultimate branches 3.8-6 mm wide including leaves. Leaves often iridescent, distinctly white-margined, margin entire. Axillary leaves on main stems obviously larger than those on branches, reniform, ca. 3 × 4 mm, base slightly cordate; axillary leaves on branches symmetrical, broadly elliptic or orbicular, 2.2-2.8 × 0.8-2.2 mm, base subcordate, margin entire. Dorsal leaves asymmetrical, those on main stems obviously larger than those on branches; dorsal leaves on branches approximate to imbricate, parallel to axis or overlapping at leaf apex and often reflexed, ovate, 1-2.4 × 0.6-1 mm, not carinate, base obtuse, margin entire, apex long acuminate. Ventral leaves asymmetrical, those on main stem obviously larger than those on branches; ventral leaves on branches contiguous, spreading, oblong, 2.2-3.2 × 1-1.6 mm, margin entire, apex acute or mucronate; basiscopic base rounded; acroscopic base not enlarged. Strobili solitary, terminal, compact, tetragonal, 5-25 × 2.5-4 mm; sporophylls uniform, white-margined, ovate-triangular, carinate, margin entire, apex acuminate; megasporophylls in basal portion on lower side of strobilus or megasporophylls in middle or upper portion on lower side; microsporangia transversely elliptic, rather thin, cells regular; microspores pale yellow, megaspores gray-white or dark brown.

● Damp ground under shrubs along rivers or on forest floor, also cultivated and sometimes escaped; below 100-1200 m. Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang.

《Flora of North America》|| Selaginellaceae || Selaginella || Selaginella uncinata

33. Selaginella uncinata (Desvaux ex Poiret) Spring, Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles. 10: 141. 1843.

Blue spike-moss, peacock spike-moss

Lycopodium uncinatum Desvaux ex Poiret in Lamarck et al., Encycl., Suppl. 3: 558. 1814

Plants terrestrial, forming diffuse mats. Stems long-creeping, branched, branches 3-forked, flat, not articulate, glabrous. Rhizophores axillary, mostly at stem base or apex, 0.3--0.4 mm diam. Leaves delicate, papery. Lateral leaves distant, iridescent, green to blue-green, ovate-oblong, 3--4.2 X 1.5--2.5 mm; basiscopic base with small auricle, acroscopic base overlapping stem; margins conspicuously transparent, entire; apex acute to obtuse. Median leaves ovate-lanceolate, 2.2--3.5 X 1.2--1.8 mm; base with outer auricle; margins transparent, entire; apex acuminate. Strobili solitary, 0.5--1.5 cm; sporophylls monomorphic, lanceolate to narrowly ovate-lanceolate, strongly tapering toward apex, keeled, keel not dentate, base glabrous, margins transparent, entire, apex long-acuminate. 2 n = 18.

Hammocks in shade near streams; 0--50 m; introduced; Fla., Ga., La.; Asia in China.

Selaginella uncinata is widely cultivated outdoors along the Gulf Coast of the United States and in greenhouses and nurseries. It is a native of southern China and is closely allied to S . delicatula (Desvaux ex Poiret) Alston, also in part from China.