《中国植物志》|| 豆科 LEGUMINOSAE ||撕裂果组 Sect. Pseudosophora DC. ||苦豆子 Sophora alopecuroides L.

10.苦豆子（甘肃）
Sophora alopecuroides Linn. Sp. Pl. 1: 373. 1753; DC. Prodr. 2: 96. 1825; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2: 250. 1878; Rehd. et Kobuski in Journ. Arn. Arb. 14: 30. 1933; Czeczott. in Fedde, Repert Sp. Nov. 107: 169. 1939; Vass. Fl. URSS. 11: 25. 1945; 中国主要植物图说•豆科136.图127. 1955; Ali, Fl. W. Pakistan 100: 25. 1977; 西藏植物志2: 717. 1985.——S. orientalis Pall. Reise Russ. Reich. 2: 505. 1773.——S. pallida Salisb. Prodr. 328. 1796.——S. albiscens Jaume St. Hill. in Duham. Arb. ed. 3, 86. 1808.——Goebelia alopecuroides (Linn.) Bunge in Boiss. Fl. Or. 2: 629. 1872.——Vexibia alopecuroides (Linn.) Yakovl. in nov. Syst. Pl. Vasc. 12: 231. 1975.
草本，或基部木质化成亚灌木状，高约1米。枝被白色或淡灰白色长柔毛或贴伏柔毛。羽状复叶；叶柄长1-2厘米；托叶着生于小叶柄的侧面，钻状，长约5毫米，常早落；小叶7-13对，对生或近互生，纸质，披针状长圆形或椭圆状长圆形，长15-30毫米，宽约10毫米，先端钝圆或急尖，常具小尖头，基部宽楔形或圆形，上面被疏柔毛，下面毛被较密，中脉上面常凹陷，下面隆起，侧脉不明显。总状花序顶生；花多数，密生；花梗长3-5毫米；苞片似托叶，脱落；花萼斜钟状，5萼齿明显，不等大，三角状卵形；花冠白色或淡黄色，旗瓣形状多变，通常为长圆状倒披针形，长15-20毫米，宽3-4毫米，先端圆或微缺，或明显呈倒心形，基部渐狭或骤狭成柄，翼瓣常单侧生，稀近双侧生，长约16毫米，卵状长圆形，具三角形耳，皱褶明显，龙骨瓣与翼瓣相似，先端明显具突尖，背部明显呈龙骨状盖叠，柄纤细，长约为瓣片的二分之一，具1三角形耳，下垂；雄蕊10，花丝不同程度连合，有时近两体雄蕊，连合部分疏被极短毛，子房密被白色近贴伏柔毛，柱头圆点状，被稀少柔毛。荚果串珠状，长8-13厘米，直，具多数种子；种子卵球形，稍扁，褐色或黄褐色。花期5-6月，果期8-10月。
产内蒙古、山西、陕西、宁夏、甘肃、青海、新疆、河南、西藏。多生于干旱沙漠和草原边缘地带。原苏联、阿富汗、伊朗、士耳其、巴基斯坦和印度北部也有分布。
本种耐旱耐碱性强，生长快，在黄河两岸常栽培以固定土砂；甘肃一些地区有作为药 用。

《Flora of China》|| Fabaceae || Sophora ||苦豆子 Sophora alopecuroides

10. Sophora alopecuroides Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 373. 1753.

苦豆子 ku dou zi

Herbs or subshrubs, ca. 1 m high, densely branched. Branches white villous or patulous-tomentose. Leaves 15-30 × 4-9 cm; stipules subulate, ca. 5 mm, caducous; petiole 1-2 cm; leaflets 11-27, lanceolate-oblong or elliptic-oblong, 15-40 × 5-14 mm, papery, densely hairy abaxially, pilose adaxially, lateral veins not obvious. Racemes terminal. Flowers many, dense; pedicel 3-5 mm; bracts subulate, caducous. Calyx compressed campanulate; teeth 5, unequally triangular-ovate. Corolla white or creamy white; standard varying in shape, usually oblong-oblanceolate, 15-20 × 3-4 mm, apex rounded or obcordate, narrowing to claw; wings ca. 16 mm, ovate-oblong, 1-auricu­late; keel similar to wings, claw slender, ca. 1/2 as long as blade. Stamens 10, slightly fused at base, shortly hairy where fused. Ovary densely white hairy; stigma very small, pilose. Legumes moniliform, straight, 8-13 cm. Seeds many, brown or light brown, ovoid. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Aug-Oct.

Grasslands, deserts. Gansu, Henan, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qing­hai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Xinjiang, Xizang [Afghanistan, India, Pakistan; C and SW Asia].