《中国植物志》|| 胡颓子科 ELAEAGNACEAE ||落叶组 Scct. 2. deciduae Serv. ||南川牛奶子 Elaeagnus nanchuanensis C. Y. Chang

48.南川牛奶子（四川植物志）图版15：1-4
Elaeagnus nanchuanensis C. Y. Chang, in, Fl. Sichuan 1: 46 4. 1981.
落叶直立灌木，高达5米，具粗短的刺；小枝开展成80-90度的角，幼枝褐色或锈色，被鳞片；老枝圆柱形，黑色或灰褐色，粗壮而坚硬；芽深褐色或锈色。叶纸质，阔椭圆形或倒披针状椭圆形，长4-8厘米，宽1.8-3.5厘米，顶端钝形或渐尖，基部圆形或楔形，全缘，上面幼时具淡白色鳞片，成熟后脱落，常有凹下斑点，干燥后黑褐色或褐绿色，下面灰褐色或褐色，被灰白色或褐色鳞片，侧脉6-8对，两面不甚明显；叶柄被锈色或褐色鳞片，长4-8毫米。花褐色或淡黄褐色，密被褐色或黄色鳞片，常5-7花簇生叶腋短小枝上或新枝基部；花梗极短或几无，长约l毫米；萼筒圆筒状钟形，长5-6毫米，在裂片下面不甚收缩，在子房上明显收缩，内面除喉部疏生白色星状柔毛外，其余无毛，裂片宽卵形，长2-3毫米，顶端钝形，内面黄色，无毛，包围子房的萼管矩圆形，锈色，长约1毫米；雄蕊贴生萼筒喉部，花丝极短，花药阔椭圆形，长1.2毫米；花柱直立，无毛，超过雄蕊。果实椭圆形，长12-16毫米，直径约为长的一半，被褐色鳞片，成熟时红色；果梗粗壮，长3-9毫米。花期4-5月，果期6-7月。
产四川南部、贵州北部；生于海拔750-1570米的向阳山坡或沟旁。模式标本采自四川南川（金佛山）。
本种与银果牛奶子E. magna Rehd.相近，区别在于本种的花为褐色或淡黄褐色，萼筒长5-6毫米；果实密被褐色鳞片；幼枝褐色或锈色。

《Flora of China》|| Elaeagnaceae || Elaeagnus ||南川牛奶子 Elaeagnus nanchuanensis

59. Elaeagnus nanchuanensis C. Y. Chang, Fl. Sichuan. 1: 464. 1981.

南川牛奶子 nan chuan niu nai zi

Shrubs, deciduous, erect, to 5 m tall. Spines thick; young branches and fruit with dense rust-colored or brown scales. Petiole 4-8 mm, with rust-colored or brown scales; leaf blade drying somewhat blackish, abaxially mottled brown, broadly elliptic or oblanceolate, 4-8 × 1.8-3.5 cm, papery, abaxially with overlapping scales, scales with brown center and pale, irregularly shallowly divided, toothed margins, adaxially with light white scales while young, scales similar to abaxial scales, lateral veins 6-8 per side of midrib, obscure, base rounded or cuneate, margin entire, apex obtuse to acuminate. Flowers often 5-7 in axillary clusters or along very short shoot. Pedicel very short or absent; fruiting pedicel 3-9 mm, thick. Flowers brown, inside yellow, outside with overlapping brown or yellow scales; scales shallowly lobed, subentire, inside completely glabrous. Calyx tube tubular-campanulate, 5-6 mm, conspicuously constricted above ovary, with sparse white stellate hairs or narrow pilose ring around throat; lobes broadly ovate, 2-4(-6) mm, inside yellow. Filaments very short, ca. 0.3 mm; anthers oblong, 1-1.6 mm. Style straight, ca. 8 mm, usually glabrous. Drupe red, ellipsoid, 1.2-1.6 × ca. 0.8 cm; scales dense, silvery brown, irregularly shallowly lobed. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jun-Jul.

● Eastern slopes, streamsides; 700-1600 m. Chongqing, N Guizhou, Sichuan.