《中国植物志》|| 五加科 ARALIACEAE ||指序楤木组 Sect. Digitatipanicula Hoo ||辽东楤木 Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem.

16.辽东楤木（中国高等植物图鉴）龙牙楤木（东北木本植物图志），刺龙牙（吉林土名），刺老鸦（东北土名）
Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem. in Journ. Bot. 6: 134 (Revis. Heder. 90. 1868) 1868; Harms in Enal. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3 (8): 57. 1894; Nakai in Journ. Arn. Arb. 5: 30. 1924;陈嵘, 中国树木分类学931. 1937; Li in Sarbentia 2: 107. 1942——Dimorphanthus elatus Miq. Comm. Phytobr. 95. t. 12. 1840——Aralia mandshurica Maxim. in Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Sci. St.-Petersb. 15: 134. 156; 刘慎谔等, 东北木本植物图志432. pl. 137. f. 336. 1955——Dimorphanthus mandshuricus Rupr. & Maxim. in Mem. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St.-Petersb. 9: 133. 1859——Aralia manchurica Seem. 1. c. 6: 134. 1868——Aralia mandshurica Komarov in Act. Hort. Petrop. 25: 123. 1907——Aralia chinensis Linn. β. canescens Koehne, Deutsh. Dendr. 432. 1893——Aralia chinensis Linn. var. glabrescens Schneid. Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 431. 1911; Rehd. in Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 1: 344. 1914——Aralia chinensis Linn. var. mandshurica Rehd. 1. c. 1: 344. 1914; 钟心煊, 科学社丛刊1: 189. 1924.
灌木或小乔木，高1.5-6米，树皮灰色；小枝灰棕色，疏生多数细刺；刺长1-3毫米，基部膨大；嫩枝上常有长达1.5厘米的细长直刺。叶为二回或三回羽状复叶，长40-80厘米；叶柄长20-40厘米，无毛；托叶和叶柄基部合生，先端离生部分线形，长约3毫米，边缘有纤毛；叶轴和羽片轴基部通常有短刺；羽片有小叶7-11，基部有小叶1对；小叶片薄纸质或膜质，阔卵形、卵形至椭圆状卵形，长5-15厘米，宽2.5-8厘米，先端渐尖，基部圆形至心形，稀阔楔形，上面绿色，下面灰绿色，无毛或两面脉上有短柔毛和细刺毛，边缘疏生锯齿，有时为粗大齿牙或细锯齿，稀为波状，侧脉6-8对，两面明显，网脉不明显；小叶柄长3-5毫米，稀长达1.2厘米，顶生小叶柄长达3厘米。圆锥花序长30-45厘米，伞房状；主轴短，长2-5厘米，分枝在主轴顶端指状排列，密生灰色短柔毛；伞形花序直径1-1.5厘米，有花多数或少数；总花梗长0.8-4厘米，花梗长6-7毫米，均密生短柔毛；苞片和小苞片披针形，膜质，边缘有纤毛，前者长5毫米，后者长2毫米；花黄白色；萼无毛，长1.5毫米，边缘有5个卵状三角形小齿；花瓣5，长1.5毫米，卵状三角形，开花时反曲；子房5室；花柱5，离生或基部合生。果实球形，黑色，直径4毫米，有5稜。花期6-8月，果期9-10月。
分布于黑龙江北部（黑龙江）、东北部（伊春、饶河）、南部（平山），吉林中部以东（蛟河、漫江、安图）和辽宁东北部（鸡冠山）。生于森林中，海拔约1000米上下。朝鲜、苏联和日本也有分布。
本种易和白背叶楤木（变种）Aralia chinensis Linn. var. nuda Nakai相混，但本种小叶片较薄，圆锥花序伞房状，分枝指状排列，易于区别。

《Flora of China》|| Araliaceae || Aralia ||楤木 Aralia elata

11. Aralia elata (Miquel) Seemann, J. Bot. 6: 134. 1868.

楤木 cong mu

Shrubs or small trees, 2-5(-8) m tall, andromonoecious. Branches armed with sparse prickles. Leaves 2(or 3)-pinnately compound, with a pair of accessory leaflets at each division of rachis; petiole to ca. 50 cm, glabrous or pubescent, prickly; petiolules 3-5 mm; leaflets 5-11(-13) per pinna, broadly ovate to elliptic-ovate or narrowly ovate, 5-12(-19) × 2.5-8 cm, membranous, papery, or subleathery, abaxially glabrous or light yellow or gray pubescent, sometimes or more densely pubescent on veins, or sometimes glabrescent, adaxially sparsely strigose, secondary veins 6-10 pairs, raised abaxially, conspicuous adaxially, base cordate to subcordate or rounded, margin serrulate, apex acuminate. Inflorescence a terminal panicle of umbels, densely yellow-brown or gray pubescent, unarmed; primary axis 1-5 cm; secondary axes 20-35 cm; ultimate axes with a terminal umbel of bisexual flowers and 1 to several lateral umbels of male flowers; bracts persistent, lanceolate to subulate, 2-5 mm, sometimes ciliate; umbels 6-15-flowered; pedicels 1-10 mm, densely pubescent. Ovary 5-carpellate; styles 5, free or united to middle. Fruit globose, ca. 3-4 mm in diam.; styles persistent. Fl. Jul-Sep, fr. Sep-Dec. 2n = 24*.

Forests, forest margins, scrub fields, roadsides; near sea level to 2700 m. Anhui, Fujian, S Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, N Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, E Russia].