《中国植物志》|| 山茱萸科 CORNACEAE ||桃叶珊瑚属 Aucuba Thunb. ||喜马拉雅珊瑚 Aucuba himalaica Hook.f. & Thomson
9.喜马拉雅珊瑚(中国树木分类学)
Aucuba himalaica Hook. f. et Thoms., Ill. Himal. Pl. t. 12. 1855; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2: 747. 1879; Schneid. Handb. Laubh. 2: 455. fig. 302 i. 1909; Wanger. in Engl. Pflanzenreich, 41 (IV. 229): 41. 1910; Bean, Trees & Shrubs 1: 229. 1915; Rehd., Man. Cult. Trees & Shrubs 666. 1927; Merr. in Brittonia 4: 137. 1941; Krussmann, Handb. Laubh. 1: 196. fig. 118d. 1960; K. Biswas, Pl. Darj. & Sikk. Himal. 1: 401. 1966; Hara, Fl. E. Himal. 644. 1966 et 92. 1971;四川植物志1: 390. 图版150. 图1-8. 1981; Soong in Journ Sichuan Univ., Nat. Sci. ed. 1: 70. 1982. ——A. chinensis auct. non. Benth.: Rehd. in Sarg., Pl. Wils. 2: 572. 1916, pro parte, quoad specim. cit. Wils. 4955;中国高等植物图鉴2: 1112.图3953. 1972, excl. distr. geogr.
常绿小乔木或灌木,高3-6(-8)米,胸径5-10厘米;当年生枝被柔毛,老枝具白色皮孔,长圆形,叶痕显著。叶羊皮纸质或薄革质,椭圆形、长椭圆形,稀长圆披针形,长10-15(-20)厘米,宽3-5(-7)厘米,先端急尖或渐尖,尾长1-1.5厘米,边缘1/3以上具7-9对细锯齿;叶脉在上面显著下凹,下面凸出,被粗毛,侧脉未达叶缘即网连;叶柄长2-3厘米,被粗毛。雄花序为总状圆锥花序,生于小枝顶端,长8-1O(-13)厘米,各部分均为紫红色,幼时密被柔毛,柔毛上段略为紫红色;花梗长2-2.5毫米,被柔毛;萼片小,微4圆裂,被柔毛,花瓣4,长卵形,长3-3.5毫米,宽2毫米,先端尖尾长1.5-2毫米;雄蕊4,长1-2.5毫米,花丝粗壮;花盘肉质,微4裂。雌花序为圆锥花序,长3-5厘米,密被粗毛及红褐色柔毛,各部分均为紫红色;雌花萼片及花瓣与雄花相似;子房下位,被粗毛,花柱粗壮,柱头微2裂,花下具关节及2小苞片。幼果绿色,被疏毛,熟后深红色,卵状长圆形,长1-1.2厘米,花柱及柱头宿存于果实顶端。花期3-5月;果期10月至翌年5月。
产陕西南部、湖北西部、湖南北部、广西北部、四川、云南、西藏南部。常生于海拔1500-2300米的亚热带常绿阔叶林及常绿、落叶阔叶混交林中。锡金、不丹、印度北部及缅甸北部也有分布。模式标本采自印度大吉岭。
数据来源 中国植物物种信息数据库
《云南植物志》|| 山茱萸科 Cornaceae nom. conserv. ||桃叶珊瑚属 Aucuba Thunb. ||须弥桃叶珊瑚 Aucuba himalaica Hoo k. f. et Thoms.
9.须弥桃叶珊瑚
Aucuba himalaica Hook. f. et Thoms. (1855); C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. (1879); Wanger. in Engl. (1910); Hara (1966), (1968), (1971); Soong (1981), (1982).
Aucuba chinensis auct. non Benth.: Rehd. in Sarg. (1916) p. p., quoad specim. cit. Wilson 4955; 图鉴 (1972)*; A. japonica Harms in Diels (1900), in Engl. (1910).
常绿小乔木或灌木,高3—8米,小枝圆柱形,棕黑色,当年生小枝被柔毛,老枝变光滑并具白色皮孔,叶脱落后遗留有明显叶痕。叶薄革质或纸质,干时变棕黑色,长圆形、椭圆形或长椭圆形,长8—15厘米,宽3—6厘米,顶端渐尖或长渐尖,基部楔形,边缘有疏齿,叶面无毛,光亮,背面有稀疏散生小柔毛,沿中脉和侧脉疏被污黄色粗伏毛,叶脉在叶面微凹,在背面突起,网脉显著;叶柄长2—3厘米,被散生毛。雄花序为总状圆锥花序,长8—10(—13)厘米,幼时被淡红色柔毛;花柄紫红色,长2—2.5毫米,被柔毛;花萼小,微4裂,被毛;花瓣4,紫红色,长圆形,长2.5—3毫米,宽约2毫米,顶端尖尾状,尾长1.5—2毫米,通常扭曲;雄蕊4,长1—1.2毫米,粗壮;花盘肉质,微4裂;雌花序为短圆锥花序,长3—5厘米,被粗毛,花柄极短,基部有2枚小苞片;花萼4裂,裂片近三角形;花瓣与雄花相似;子房圆柱形,被粗毛,长约4毫米;花柱短,无毛,柱头偏头状。浆果深红色,椭圆形或卵状长圆形,长1—1.2厘米,直径5—6毫米,疏被粗毛。花期3—5月,果期10月至翌年5月。
产彝良、昭通、镇雄、大关、龙陵、碧江,生于海拔1000—2800米的常绿阔叶林中;陕西南部、湖南北部、湖北西部、贵州、四川、西藏亦有。锡金、不丹、印度有分布。
数据来源 中国植物物种信息数据库
《Flora of China》|| Aucubaceae || Aucuba ||喜马拉雅珊瑚 Aucuba himalaica
8. Aucuba himalaica J. D. Hooker & Thomson, Ill. Himal. Pl. t. 12. 1855.
喜马拉雅珊瑚 xi ma la ya shan hu
Trees or shrubs, 3–6(–8) m tall, 5–10 cm in diam.; young branches pubescent; old branches with white oblong lenticels and conspicuous leaf scars. Petiole 2–3 cm, pubescent with thick trichomes; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to elliptic, lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, oblanceolate, or narrowly lanceolate, 10–15(–20) × (1.5–)3–5(–7) cm, papery, or thinly leathery, abaxially glabrous or pubescent with soft trichomes, or with both soft and stiff trichomes, or with soft trichomes only on midvein, or with thick trichomes on veins, adaxially glabrous, veins raised abaxially, conspicuously impressed adaxially, and connected before reaching margin, base cuneate, margin 4–7-serrulate or 7–9-serrulate on upper 1/3, apex cuspidate for 1–1.5(–3) cm or acuminate. Staminate inflorescences racemose panicles, 8–12(–13) cm, all parts purplish red, with dense soft trichomes when young, upper portion of trichomes purplish red; pedicel 2–2.5 mm, pubescent. Carpellate inflorescences (2–)3–5(–5.5) cm, with dense thick trichomes and reddish brown soft trichomes, all parts reddish purple. Staminate flowers: calyx slightly 4-lobed, lobes rounded, pubescent; petals narrowly ovate, 3–3.5 × ca. 2 mm, apex caudate for 1.5–2 mm; stamens 1–2.5 mm, filaments stout. Carpellate flowers: calyx and petals similar to those of staminate flowers; ovary pubescent with thick trichomes; style stout; stigma slightly 2-lobed; bracteoles 2. Fruit dark red, ovoid-oblong to subellipsoid, sparsely pubescent, 1–1.5 cm, 5–6 mm in diam. Fl. Mar–May, fr. Oct–May.
Forests; 500–1300 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, W Hubei, Hunan, S Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, N India, N Myanmar, Sikkim].
数据来源 eFloras.org