《中国植物志》|| 茜草科 RUBIACEAE ||钩藤属 Uncaria Schreber nom. cons. ||钩藤 Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Miq. ex Havil.

9. 钩藤（药学学报）图版65：1-3
Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Miq. ex Havil. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 33: 890. 1897; Chung in Mem. Sci. Soc. China 1: 235. 1924; How in Sunyatsenia 6: 255. 1946 et in Acta Pharm. Sinica 4 (1): 13. 1956; Ohwi, Fl. Japan 823, fig. 16. 1965; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 188, 图5790. 1975; Ridsd. in Blumea 24 (1): 93. 1978, excl. syn. U. rhynchophylloides How; 徐祥浩等, 华南农学院学报2 (3): 26. 1981, excl. syn. U. rhynchophylloides How.——Nauclea rhynchophylla Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 3: 108. 1867. ——Ourouparia rhynchophylla (Miq.) Matsum. Ind. Pl. Japan 2: 593. 1912. ——Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Miq ex Havil var. koutong Yarnazaki in Jap. Journ. Bot. 42: 384. 1967.
藤本；嫩枝较纤细，方柱形或略有4棱角，无毛。叶纸质，椭圆形或椭圆状长圆形，长5-12厘米，宽3-7厘米，两面均无毛，干时褐色或红褐色，下面有时有白粉，顶端短尖或骤尖，基部楔形至截形，有时稍下延；侧脉4-8对，脉腋窝陷有粘液毛；叶柄长5-15毫米，无毛；托叶狭三角形，深2裂达全长2/3，外面无毛，里面无毛或基部具粘液毛，裂片线形至三角状披针形。头状花序不计花冠直径5-8毫米，单生叶腋，总花梗具一节，苞片微小，或成单聚伞状排列，总花梗腋生，长5厘米；小苞片线形或线状匙形；花近无梗；花萼管疏被毛，萼裂片近三角形，长0.5毫米，疏被短柔毛，顶端锐尖；花冠管外面无毛，或具疏散的毛，花冠裂片卵圆形，外面无毛或略被粉状短柔毛，边缘有时有纤毛；花柱伸出冠喉外，柱头棒形。果序直径10-12毫米；小蒴果长5-6毫米，被短柔毛，宿存萼裂片近三角形，长1毫米，星状辐射。花、果期5-12月。
产于广东、广西、云南、贵州、福建、湖南、湖北及江西；常生于山谷溪边的疏林或灌丛中。国外分布于日本。
本种带钩藤茎为著名中药（钩藤），功能清血平肝，息风定惊，用于风热头痛，感冒夹惊，惊痛抽搐等症，所含钩藤碱有降血压作用。

《云南植物志》|| 茜草科 Rubiaceae ||钩藤属 Uncaria Schreber, nom. conserv. ||钩藤 Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Miq. ex Havil.

7.钩藤（名医别录）
Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Miq. ex Havil. (1897); How (1956)*; C. E. Ridsdale (1978); H. H. Hsue et H. Wu (1981); 云南种子植物名录 (1984); 中国植物志 (1999)*.
Nauclea rhynchophylla Miq. (1868); Ourouparia rhynchophylla (Miq.) Matsum. (1912); Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Miq. ex Havil. var. koutong Yamazaki (1967).
藤本。嫩枝无毛。叶对生，纸质，椭圆形或长圆形，长5—12厘米，宽3—7厘米，两面均无毛，干时褐色或红褐色，叶背面有时有白粉，先端短尖或骤尖，基部楔形或截形，有时稍下延，侧脉4—8对，脉腋窝陷有黏液毛；叶柄长5—15毫米，无毛；托叶狭三角形，2深裂，外面无毛，内面无毛或基部具黏液毛；裂片线形或三角状披针形。头状花序不计花冠直径5—8毫米，单生于叶腋，总花梗具一节，苞片微小，或成单聚伞状排列，总花梗长5厘米；小苞片线形或线状匙形；花近无梗；花萼管疏被柔毛，花萼裂片近三角形，长0.5毫米，疏被短柔毛，先端锐尖；花冠管外面无毛或有疏柔毛，花冠裂片5，卵圆形，外面无毛或略被粉状短柔毛，边缘有时有纤毛，花柱伸出冠喉外，柱头棒形。果序直径1—1.2厘米；小蒴果长5—6毫米，被短柔毛，宿存萼裂片近三角形，长1毫米，星状辐射。花果期5—12月。
产富宁、河口；生于海拔约215米的山谷灌丛中。四川、贵州、广西、广东、湖南、湖北、江西、福建、浙江也有。分布于日本。
本种是中药钩藤的原植物；药用部分为钩及其相连的一部分茎节。药性甘、苦、微寒；具有清热、平肝、熄风止痛之效；可降血压、镇静、治头痛、小儿惊风等症。

《Flora of China》|| Rubiaceae || Uncaria ||钩藤 Uncaria rhynchophylla

7. Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miquel) Miquel ex Haviland, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 33: 890. 1897.

钩藤 gou teng

Nauclea rhynchophylla Miquel, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 108. 1867; Ourouparia rhynchophylla (Miquel) Matsumura; Uncaria rhynchophylla var. koutong Yamazaki.

Lianas, height unknown. Young stems slender, weakly to markedly quadrangular, glabrous, sometimes glaucous. Petiole 5-15 mm, glabrous; leaf blade drying papery and often red-brown or dark red, elliptic, lanceolate, or elliptic-oblong, 5-12 × 3-7 cm, glabrous on both surfaces, often glaucous abaxially, base cuneate, obtuse, or rounded, apex acute to usually acuminate; secondary veins 4-8 pairs, sometimes with pilosulous domatia; stipules often deciduous, lanceolate to ovate, 4-15 mm, 2-lobed for up to 4/5, glabrous, lobes linear to triangular-lanceolate or ovate, acute to acuminate. Inflorescences axillary and terminal, solitary or usually in terminal groups of 7-11, glabrous; peduncles 1.5-5 cm, simple; bracts 1-4 mm; flowering heads 4-8 mm in diam. across calyces, 12-15 mm in diam. across corollas; bracteoles linear or linear-spatulate, ca. 2 mm. Flowers sessile or subsessile. Calyx with hypanthium portion obconic, ca. 1 mm, densely strigillose to strigose; limb densely strigillose, ca. 1 mm, lobed for 1/2 or more; lobes triangular to spatulate, acute to obtuse. Corolla color unknown, salverform, outside puberulent to glabrous; tube 5.5-6 mm; lobes ovate, 1.5-2 mm, rounded to obtuse. Fruiting head 10-20 mm in diam. Fruit sessile or subsessile, obovoid to fusiform, 5-7 mm, strigillose to strigose; seeds 2-3 mm. Fl. and fr. May-Dec.

Sparse forests or thickets at streamsides in valleys; near sea level to 1000 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan].

Ridsdale (Blumea 24: 93. 1978) included Uncaria rhynchophylloides as a synonym of U. rhynchophylla; however, these do appear to be distinct.