《中国植物志》|| 葡萄科 VITACEAE ||单叶系 Ser. Tricuspidatae ||地锦 Parthenocissus tricuspidata (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch.

6.地锦（本草纲目）土鼓藤（植物名实图考），红葡萄藤（狄尔土中国植物名录），趴墙虎（南京），爬山虎（经济植物手册）图版4：1-6
Parthenocissus tricuspidata (Sieb. & Zucc.) Planch. in DC. Monogr. Phan. 5: 452. 1887; Sprag. in Bot. Mag. 135: t. 8287. 1909; Gagnep. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 1: 102. 1911 et in Humbert, Suppl. Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine. 1. 905. 1950; Hand.-Mazz Symb. Sin. 7: 680. 1933; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 15: 23. 1934 et Man. Cult. Trees & Shrubs ed. 2. 620. 1940;陈嵘, 中国树木分类学760.图647. 1937; Suesseng. in Pflanzenfam. ed. 2. 20d: 311. 1953;胡先骕, 经济植物手册下册963. 1957; Li. Woody, Fl. Taiwan. 526. f. 204. 1963; Lauener in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 37 (3): 284. 1967; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 775.图3280. 1972; 台湾植物志3: 672. 1977; W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17 (3): 90. 1979 in clavi, 江苏植物志下册475. 1982; 云南种子植物名录上册798. 1984; 河北植物志2: 118.图1021. 1988;河南植物志2: 605. 1988;福建植物志3: 374.图262. 1988. ——Ampelopsis tricuspidata Sieb. & Zucc. in Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Akad. Wiss. Munch. 4 (2): 196. 1845.——Cissus thunbergii Sieb. & Zucc. in Ahb. Math.-Phys. Cl. Akad. Wiss. Munch. 4 (2): 195. 1845.——Vitis inconstans Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1: 91. 1863. ——Quinaria tricuspidata Koehne, Deutsch. Dendr. 383. 1893.——Psedera tricuspidata Rehd. in Rhodora 10: 29. 1908.——Psedera thunbergii (Sieb. & Zucc.) Nakai in Bot. Mag. Tokyo. 35: 2. 1921 et Fl. Sylv. Kor. 12: 2. Pl. 1. 1922.——Vitis taquetii Levl. in Bull. Acad. Intern. Geog. Bot. 20: 11. 1910.——Parthenocissus thunbergii (Sieb. & Zucc.) Nakai in Journ. Bot. 6: 254. 1930; 东北木本植物图志412.图版CXXXII图320. 1955.
木质藤本。小枝圆柱形，几无毛或微被疏柔毛。卷须5-9分枝，相隔2节间断与叶对生。卷须顶端嫩时膨大呈圆珠形，后遇附着物扩大成吸盘。叶为单叶，通常着生在短枝上为3浅裂，时有着生在长枝上者小型不裂，叶片通常倒卵圆形，长4.5-17厘米，宽4-16厘米，顶端裂片急尖，基部心形，边缘有粗锯齿，上面绿色，无毛，下面浅绿色，无毛或中脉上疏生短柔毛，基出脉5，中央脉有侧脉3-5对，网脉上面不明显，下面微突出；叶柄长4-12厘米，无毛或疏生短柔毛。花序着生在短枝上，基部分枝，形成多歧聚伞花序，长2.5-12.5厘米，主轴不明显；花序梗长1-3.5厘米，几无毛；花梗长2-3毫米，无毛；花蕾倒卵椭圆形，高2-3毫米，顶端圆形；萼碟形，边缘全缘或呈波状，无毛；花瓣5，长椭圆形，高1.8-2.7毫米，无毛；雄蕊5，花丝长约1.5-2.4毫米，花药长椭圆卵形，长0.7-1.4毫米，花盘不明显；子房椭球形，花柱明显，基部粗，柱头不扩大。果实球形，直径1-1.5厘米，有种子1-3颗；种子倒卵圆形，顶端圆形，基部急尖成短喙，种脐在背面中部呈圆形，腹部中梭脊突出，两侧洼穴呈沟状，从种子基部向上达种子顶端。花期5-8月，果期9-10月。
产吉林、辽宁、河北、河南、山东、安徽、江苏、浙江、福建、台湾。生山坡崖石壁或灌丛，海拔150-1200米。朝鲜、日本也有分布。
本种早为著名的垂直绿化植物，枝叶茂密，分枝多而斜展；根入药，能祛瘀消肿。

《Flora of China》|| Vitaceae || Parthenocissus ||地锦 Parthenocissus tricuspidata

4. Parthenocissus tricuspidata (Siebold & Zuccarini) Planchon in A. Candolle & C. Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 5: 452. 1887.

地锦 di jin

Ampelopsis tricuspidata Siebold & Zuccarini, Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 4(2): 196. 1845; Cissus thunbergii Siebold & Zuccarini; Parthenocissus thunbergii (Siebold & Zuccarini) Nakai; Psedera thunbergii (Siebold & Zuccarini) Nakai; P. tricuspidata (Siebold & Zuccarini) Rehder; Quinaria tricuspidata (Siebold & Zuccarini) Koehne; Vitis inconstans Miquel; V. taquetii H. Léveillé; V. thunbergii (Siebold & Zuccarini) Druce (1917), not Siebold & Zuccarini (1845).

Branchlets terete, nearly glabrous or sparsely pilose; tendrils 5-9-branched, young apex expanded and ball-shaped. Leaves simple, usually 3-lobed on short branches, or small and unlobed on long branches; petiole 4-12 cm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent; blade obovoid, 4.5-17 × 4-16 cm, abaxially glabrous or midvein abaxially sparsely pubescent, basal veins 5, lateral veins 3-5 pairs on each side, veinlets slightly raised abaxially, inconspicuous adaxially, base cordate, margin with rough teeth on each side, apex acute. Polychasium 2.5-12.5 cm; rachis inconspicuous; peduncles 1-3.5 cm, nearly glabrous. Pedicel 2-3 mm, glabrous. Buds obovoid-elliptic, 2-3 mm, apex rounded. Calyx entire or undulate. Petals elliptic, 1.8-2.7 mm, glabrous. Filaments 1.5-2.4 mm; anthers ovoid-elliptic, 0.7-1.4 mm. Disk inconspicuous. Ovary oval; style conspicuous, base thick; stigma not enlarged. Berry 1-1.5 cm in diam., 1-3-seeded. Seeds obovoid, base with a sharp, short rostrum, apex rounded. Fl. May-Aug, fr. Sep-Oct. 2n = 40.

Shrublands, cliffs, rocky hillsides; 100-1200 m. Anhui, Fujian, Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong, Taiwan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].

This species is widely cultivated as an attractive ornamental climber in China and in many other countries. Its roots have been used to cure lumps and ecchymosis.

《Flora of North America》|| Vitaceae || || Parthenocissus tricuspidata

1. Parthenocissus tricuspidata (Siebold & Zuccarini) Planchon in A. L. P. P. de Candolle and C. de Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 5: 452. 1887.
[I]

Boston or Japanese ivy, vigne vierge tricuspidée Boston or Japanese ivy, vigne vierge tricuspidée

Ampelopsis tricuspidata Siebold & Zuccarini, Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Wiss. 4(2): 196. 1845

Lianas, high climbing. Tendrils 5–10-branched, with adhesive discs. Leaves usually simple, sometimes palmately compound on older plants; petiole usually longer than, sometimes ± equaling, blade; blade lustrous adaxially, ovate to cordate-ovate or cordate-orbiculate, 4.5–17 × 4–16 cm, 3-lobed or leaflets 3, thin, herbaceous, base truncate to slightly cordate, margins crenate to crenate-serrate, apex acute to short-acuminate, surfaces glabrous or abaxial veins puberulent. Inflorescences ± divergently branching, without distinct central axis. Flowers yellowish green. Berries globose, 5–8 mm diam. 2n = 40.

Flowering Jun–Jul; fruiting Sep–Oct. Thickets, forest edges, disturbed places; 50–500 m; introduced; Ont.; Conn., D.C., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ky., Maine, Mass., Mo., Nebr., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., S.C., Tenn.; e Asia.

Parthenocissus tricuspidata has escaped from cultivation and become locally naturalized throughout much of eastern North America.